Bioethics and health law: the living will. Proposal to create a living will record in Europe

In this piece of work, we present a proposal to create a living will record in Europe that will allow people to have the same rights wherever they are. Therefore, this article will be studied from the bioethics and health law theory

El proyecto morfogen. Diseño de una aplicación web para visualizar familias léxicas

This paper shows the characteristics of a web application designed to represent the family relationships between components of a word family in Spanish (bdme.usc.es). The application consists of two modules: a) a morphological database of Spanish and b) a visualization tool. Different formulations of the concept of ‘word family’ will be shown, as well as some procedures that have been used in other projects in order to account for morpho-lexical relationships. The convenience of a historical approach to word families will be discussed, as well as the appropriateness of working with two types of family relationships: (i) the one associating a word with its origin and (ii) the one associating the word with its lexical base. Some issues that emerged during the process of conversion from a single-user to a multiple-access database will be discussed. The main features of the database will be explained. The design of two representational forms (tree and linear diagrams) will be shown: the former aims to produce a global representation of a word family while the latter seeks to represent the progression of derivational processes in the series of a given language.El objetivo de esta contribución es presentar las características de una aplicación web destinada a hacer visibles en español las relaciones de parentesco entre las palabras de una misma familia léxica (bdme.usc.es). La aplicación contiene dos módulos: a) una base de datos de morfología del español y b) una herramienta de visualización. En este trabajo se mostrarán diferentes concepciones de la noción de familia léxica y también algunos procedimientos empleados en otros proyectos para dar cuenta de relaciones morfoléxicas. Se mostrará la conveniencia de aplicar un enfoque histórico a las familias léxicas y de trabajar con dos tipos de relaciones de parentesco: (i) la que asocia una palabra con su origen y (ii) la que vincula una palabra con su base léxica. Se comentarán algunos problemas surgidos durante el proceso de conversión de una base de datos monousuario en otra de acceso compartido. Se explicarán las principales características técnicas de la base de datos y se mostrará el diseño de dos formas de representación: en diagramas arbóreos y en forma lineal. Con la primera se pretende ofrecer una imagen global de cada familia léxica y con la segunda se busca reflejar la progresión de los procesos derivativos en las series de una misma lengua

Remineralização de lesões de mancha branca em Ortodontia. Isso é possível? Revisão de literatura

Aim: The aim of this literature review is to describe the latest treatment available in the solution of this problem through remineralization. Literature review: A literature review was carried out in various electronic databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCO, LILACS, EMBASE, Cochrane Library; from 1989 to 2022. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used in the literature search were in English: “tooth reminaralization”, “dental white spot”, “orthodontic. Discussion: White spot lesions after orthodontic appliances is an undesired effect seen in dentistry. There is a wide option of agents that offer remineralization by the process of depositing calcium and phosphate ions into crystal voids in demineralized enamel, producing net mineral gain and preventing early enamel lesions progression, including fluoride toothpastes, fluoride varnishes, fluoride mouth rinses, and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). Conclusion: Fluoride-based prevention strategies are the agent with the strongest evidence for the treatment of WSL. The dental professional should offer this therapy in the earliest phase of the lesions so that it can be remineralized.Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão de literatura é descrever os mais recentes tratamentos disponíveis na remineralização de lesões de mancha branca. Revisão da literatura: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura em várias bases de dados eletrônicas como PubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCO, LILACS, EMBASE, Cochrane Library; de 1989 a 2022. Os termos do Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) utilizados na busca da literatura foram em inglês: “tooth reminaralization”, “dental white spot”, “orthodontics”. Discussão: A lesão de mancha branca após utilização de aparelhos ortodônticos é um efeito indesejado observado na odontologia. Existe uma ampla opção de agentes que oferecem remineralização pelo processo de deposição de íons cálcio e fosfato nos cristais do esmalte desmineralizado, produzindo ganho mineral líquido e prevenindo a progressão precoce das lesões do esmalte, incluindo cremes dentais com flúor, vernizes com flúor, enxaguatórios bucais com flúor e caseína fosfopeptídeo-fosfato de cálcio amorfo (CPP-ACP). Conclusão: As estratégias de prevenção utilizando flúor constituem os agentes com mais evidências para o tratamento da mancha branca. O dentista deve oferecer essa terapia na fase inicial das lesões para que haja remineralização

The Efficacy of Therapeutic Respiratory Muscle Training Interventions in People with Bronchiectasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Respiratory muscle dysfunction is an important health problem with high morbidity and mortality and associated costs in patients with bronchiectasis (BC). The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of therapeutic respiratory muscle training (RMT) interventions on improving sputum clearance, ventilator function, muscle strength and functional capacity in BC. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Two independent investigators searched using several electronic databases. The methodological quality of nine studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Study selection/eligibility criteria: The following were included: randomised controlled trials, randomised crossover trials and pilot studies of patients with BC that used the intervention as RMT (inspiratory/expiratory) and evaluations of respiratory muscle strength (maximal expiratory pressure/maximal inspiratory pressure). This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017075101). Nine studies were included, five of which obtained an A recommendation grade, three with B, and one with C. Study quality was poor to good (mean PEDro Score of 6.375 out of 10). Studies had small sample sizes (8-98). Results show improvements on PImax in favour of therapeutic respiratory muscle training intervention (MD = 6.08; 95% CI = 1.38, 10.77; p < 0.01; I-2 = 92%). However, high heterogeneity was identified on meta-analysis

Animación Sociocultural en el 1º Ciclo: ¿Cuáles son los Beneficios de Promover la Integración Escolar?

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar la perspicacia pedagógica de la relación entre la Animación Sociocultural y el educar, verificando cuál es la percepción que los alumnos y docentes revelan sobre la misma. La animación sociocultural es relevante en el desarrollo del niño, pues valorizando el juego, previene conflictos y favorece las relaciones sociales. En la escuela, esta interrelación con el juego hace que la acción de la Animación Sociocultural aplicada a la educación ayude a construir la personalidad del niño, instruyendo normas y reglas de socialización de manera lúdica. Así, el presente estudio intentó demostrar cuál es el valor que la Animación Sociocultural tiene en la integración y éxito escolares, en la percepción de los propios alumnos de la Enseñanza Básica. De esta forma, se implementó el Programa TEIP en la Agrupación de Escuelas Nunes Álvares en Castelo Branco, Portugal. Se pretendió verificar si los alumnos del 1º Ciclo consideran importante la relación entre la Animación Sociocultural y la enseñanza curricular con el objetivo de promover la integración y éxito escolares. Después de la participación de 439 alumnos, se verificó que la relación entre la animación y el educar es relevante y positiva, siendo vista como promotora y facilitadora del éxito e integración escolar.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Descripción del puesto de Responsable de Calidad en el Servicio de Transfusión Hospitalaria

En este trabajo se da a conocer la formación necesaria para desarrollar el puesto de Facultativo responsable del sistema de calidad en el servicio de transfusión hospitalaria así como las funciones encomendadas al mism

Selection of the key earth observation sensors and platforms focusing on applications for Polar Regions in the scope of Copernicus system 2020-2030

An optimal payload selection conducted in the frame of the H2020 ONION project (id 687490) is presented based on the ability to cover the observation needs of the Copernicus system in the time period 2020–2030. Payload selection is constrained by the variables that can be measured, the power consumption, and weight of the instrument, and the required accuracy and spatial resolution (horizontal or vertical). It involved 20 measurements with observation gaps according to the user requirements that were detected in the top 10 use cases in the scope of Copernicus space infrastructure, 9 potential applied technologies, and 39 available commercial platforms. Additional Earth Observation (EO) infrastructures are proposed to reduce measurements gaps, based on a weighting system that assigned high relevance for measurements associated to Marine for Weather Forecast over Polar Regions. This study concludes with a rank and mapping of the potential technologies and the suitable commercial platforms to cover most of the requirements of the top ten use cases, analyzing the Marine for Weather Forecast, Sea Ice Monitoring, Fishing Pressure, and Agriculture and Forestry: Hydric stress as the priority use cases.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Modeling the Heart as a Communication System

Electrical communication between cardiomyocytes can be perturbed during arrhythmia, but these perturbations are not captured by conventional electrocardiographic metrics. We developed a theoretical framework to quantify electrical communication using information theory metrics in 2-dimensional cell lattice models of cardiac excitation propagation. The time series generated by each cell was coarse-grained to 1 when excited or 0 when resting. The Shannon entropy for each cell was calculated from the time series during four clinically important heart rhythms: normal heartbeat, anatomical reentry, spiral reentry, and multiple reentry. We also used mutual information to perform spatial profiling of communication during these cardiac arrhythmias. We found that information sharing between cells was spatially heterogeneous. In addition, cardiac arrhythmia significantly impacted information sharing within the heart. Entropy localized the path of the drifting core of spiral reentry, which could be an optimal target of therapeutic ablation. We conclude that information theory metrics can quantitatively assess electrical communication among cardiomyocytes. The traditional concept of the heart as a functional syncytium sharing electrical information cannot predict altered entropy and information sharing during complex arrhythmia. Information theory metrics may find clinical application in the identification of rhythm-specific treatments which are currently unmet by traditional electrocardiographic techniques.Comment: 26 pages (including Appendix), 6 figures, 8 videos (not uploaded due to size limitation

Kinetics and crystallization path of a Fe-based metallic glass alloy

The thermal stability and the quantification of the different transformation processes involved in the overall crystallization of the Fe50Cr15Mo14C15B6 amorphous alloy were investigated by several characterization techniques. Formation of various metastable and stable phases during the devitrification process in the sequence a-Fe, ¿-Cr6Fe18Mo5, M23(C,B)6, M7C3, ¿-Fe3Mo3C and FeMo2B2 (with M = Fe, Cr, Mo), was observed by in-situ synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction and in-situ transmission electron microscopy. By combining these techniques with differential scanning calorimetry data, the crystallization states and their temperature range of stability under continuous heating were related with the evolution of the crystallized fraction and the phase sequence as a function of temperature, revealing structural and chemical details of the different transformation mechanisms.Postprint (published version