de LATOUCHE, Serge Pequeno tratado do decrescimento sereno (São Paulo: Editora WMF, 2009)

de LATOUCHE, Serge, Pequeno tratado do decrescimento sereno, (São Paulo: Editora WMF, 2009)

Magneto-acoustic wave energy from numerical simulations of an observed sunspot umbra

We aim at reproducing the height dependence of sunspot wave signatures obtained from spectropolarimetric observations through 3D MHD numerical simulations. A magneto-static sunspot model based on the properties of the observed sunspot is constructed and perturbed at the photosphere introducing the fluctuations measured with the \SiI\ $\lambda$ 10827 \AA\ line. The results of the simulations are compared with the oscillations observed simultaneously at different heights from the \HeI\ $\lambda$ 10830 \AA\ line, the \CaIIH\ core and the \FeI\ blends in the wings of the \CaIIH\ line. The simulations show a remarkable agreement with the observations. They reproduce the velocity maps and power spectra at the formation heights of the observed lines, as well as the phase and amplification spectra between several pair of lines. We find that the stronger shocks at the chromosphere are accompanied with a delay between the observed signal and the simulated one at the corresponding height, indicating that shocks shift the formation height of the chromospheric lines to higher layers. Since the simulated wave propagation matches very well the properties of the observed one, we are able to use the numerical calculations to quantify the energy contribution of the magneto-acoustic waves to the chromospheric heating in sunspots. Our findings indicate that the energy supplied by these waves is too low to balance the chromospheric radiative losses. The energy contained at the formation height of the lowermost \SiI\ $\lambda$ 10827 \AA\ line in the form of slow magneto-acoustic waves is already insufficient to heat the higher layers, and the acoustic energy which reaches the chromosphere is around 3-9 times lower than the required amount of energy. The contribution of the magnetic energy is even lower.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Smanjeni omjer mineralnog ulja poboljšava prinos blastocista u sustavu mikrojažica i jednozametnim kulturama u poliesterskim mrežama - kratko priopćenje.

It is common to apply a mineral oil (MO) overlay to in vitro embryo cultures, even though the use of MO may be harmful to embryo development. To examine whether the volume of MO used in overlays for well-of-the-well (WOW) and polyester mesh (PM) single-embryo culture systems can be reduced, two sets of experiments were performed and the resulting blastocyst formation rates were compared with a conventional group (CG) embryo culture system. In Experiment 1, groups of 20 embryos in 100 μL microdrops of CDM-2 medium were plated in Petri dishes and then were covered with 3.5 mL of MO (resulting in a 1:35 ratio of medium to MO). Groups of 20 embryos were also placed in four-well plates in 400 μL CDM-2 medium per well, and the wells were covered with 400 μL MO (resulting in a 1:1 ratio of medium to MO). In Experiment 2, groups of 20 embryos were plated in four-well plates with 400 μL CDM-2 medium per well, and 1 mL of purified water was added to the center hole of the plate. Two sets of these plates were set up in parallel, and only one of the plates received an additional 400 μL of MO per well (resulting in a 1:1 ratio of medium to MO). A greater percentage of embryos reached the blastocyst stage when they were cultured in a 1:1 ratio of medium to MO, compared with embryos that were cultured in a 1:35 ratio of medium to MO (55 % vs. 41 %, respectively; P<0.01). In addition, a greater percentage of embryos reached the blastocyst stage in the WOW and PM systems that included a 1:1 ratio of medium to MO overlay than the embryos that were cultured in the presence of water in the central hole of a four-well plate without MO (48 % vs. 39 %, respectively; P<0.01). Therefore, a 1:1 ratio of medium to MO was found to improve blastocyst rates in both WOW and PM embryo culture systems.U in vitro kulturama zametaka uobičajeno je primjenjivati sloj mineralnog ulja (MU), iako to može biti štetno za razvoj embrija. U radu su provedeni pokusi s ciljem da se istraži može li se smanjiti količina primijenjenog MU u sustavu mikrojažica i u poliesterskim mrežama za uzgoj pojedinačnog zametka. Pri tome je stopa nastalih blastocista bila uspoređena s konvencionalnim načinom uzgoja zametaka. U prvom pokusu su skupine od 20 zametaka u mikrokapi od 100 μL CDM-2 medija bile stavljene na podlogu u Petrijeve zdjelice i nakon toga prekrivene s 3,5 mL MU (omjer između medija i MU iznosio je 1:35). Skupine od 20 zametaka također su bile smještene u četverodijelne plitice s 400 μL CDM-2 medija po jažici i prekrivene s 400 μL MU (omjer između medija i MU iznosio je 1:1). U drugom pokusu, skupine od 20 zametaka bile su smještene u četverodijelne plitice s 400 μL CDM-2 medija po jažici, u čiji je središnji otvor dodan 1 mL pročišćene vode. Dvije skupine tih plitica bile su istodobno postavljene, a samo u jednu pliticu dodano je 400 μL MU po jažici (omjer između medija i MU iznosio je 1:1). Veći postotak embrija dosegao je stadij blastociste kada je u kulturi bio primijenjen omjer 1:1 između medija i MU. U usporedbi sa zametcima kod kojih je u kulturi bio primijenjen omjer između medija i MU 1:35, razlika je iznosila 55 % prema 41 %, P<0,01. Osim toga, veći postotak zametaka dosegnuo je stadij blastociste u sustavu mikrojažica i poliesterskih mrežica u kojima je omjer između medija i MU bio 1:1, nego što je to bio slučaj kad je kulturi zametaka u središnjoj jažici plitice bila dodana voda (48 % prema 39 %, P<0,01). Utvrđeno je da omjer 1:1 između medija i MU poboljšava stopu razvijenih blastocista u oba sustava

Comorbidities in a sample of adults with HIV in Puerto Rico: an exploratory study.

Background: Puerto Rico is among the areas with the highest estimated rates of people living with HIV in the United States. Despite the epidemiologic data available, there is limited real-world information that can help understand the comorbidities of people with HIV. In this study, we describe common comorbidities among adults with HIV attending treatment clinics in Puerto Rico. Methods: An exploratory, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at five HIV clinics in Puerto Rico. A random sample of medical records was reviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient demographics, morbidity, and clinical characteristics. Multivariate analyses were conducted to explore comorbidities by age and sex. Results: A total of 250 (179 men; 71 women) medical records were reviewed. Participants\u27 mean age was 47.9 years and on average they had been living with HIV for 9 years. Most (97.6%) had at least one comorbidity. The most common comorbidities were dyslipidemia and hypertension. Men were more likely to have been diagnosed with alcohol misuse while women were more likely to have been diagnosed with obesity, human papillomavirus (HPV), hypothyroidism, and osteoporosis. Participants younger than 50 years of age were more likely to have history of alcohol misuse while older individuals (50 years and old) were more likely to have been diagnosed with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Adjusting by sex and age, women were more likely to have been diagnosed with obesity and depression and those older than 50 years were more likely to have had a diagnosis of dyslipidemia, hypertension, HPV, and diabetes. Conclusions: This is one of the few studies assessing comorbidities among adults with HIV in Puerto Rico, among Latino/Hispanics within the United States, and Latin America. Consistent with other studies, cardiovascular diseases are common among adults with HIV in Puerto Rico. Findings support the need for awareness and real-world evidence about comorbidities among people with HIV when implementing screenings and prescribing drugs

Endomyocardial fibrosis: a restrictive cardiomyopathy in developing countries

Objetivo: La fibrosis endomiocárdica (FE) es una cardiomiopatía restrictiva infrecuente. En América Latina son escasos los reportes. En el presente trabajo se realiza una descripción de una serie de pacientes diagnosticados de FE en Colombia. Método: Realizamos una búsqueda en los registros de imágenes de resonancia magnética (RM) cardiaca realizadas en nuestra institución entre 2016 y 2019 en busca de pacientes con diagnóstico de FE. Se describieron sus características sociodemográficas, clínicas y de imagen. Resultados: Nueve pacientes fueron diagnosticados de FE (el 66.7% mujeres), con una edad promedio de 69 años. Los pacientes presentaron un promedio de 2.6 años de evolución. El principal síntoma referido fue disnea, seguido de síncope, dolor torácico y palpitaciones. En ninguno de ellos se sospechó FE como diagnóstico inicial. En cuanto a los hallazgos ecocardiográficos, se identificó compromiso predominante del ventrículo izquierdo, seguido de compromiso biventricular. Todos los pacientes presentaron patrón de llenado restrictivo con dilatación auricular izquierda severa. En el análisis retrospectivo se cumplieron los criterios de Mocumbi para el diagnóstico de FE en el 100% de los pacientes con gravedad moderada (77.8%). Las imágenes de RM mostraron función sistólica biventricular y volúmenes preservados. Se observó depósito focal de gadolinio subendocárdico a nivel apical y se confirmó la presencia de trombo en el 66% de los casos Conclusión:: La FE es una cardiomiopatía restrictiva infrecuente circunscrita a países tropicales. La mayoría de los pacientes en nuestra serie presentaron compromiso aislado del ventrículo izquierdo, seguido de compromiso biventricular, con función ventricular usualmente preservada.Objective: Endomyocardial fibrosis (EF) is an unusual restrictive cardiomyopathy. In Latin America there are few reports. Here, we made a description of patients diagnosed with EF in Colombia. Method: We conducted a search in the records of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in our institution between 2016-2019 looking for patients with a diagnosis of EF; sociodemographic, clinical and imaging characteristics were described. Results: Nine patients were diagnosed with EF (66.7% female), with an average age of 69 years. Patients presented an average evolution of 2.6 years. The main reported symptom was dyspnea, followed by syncope, chest pain, and palpitations. None of them was initially suspected for EF. Regarding echocardiographic findings, predominant left ventricular involvement was identified, followed by bi-ventricular involvement. All the patients presented a restrictive filling pattern with severe left atrial dilation. In a retrospective analysis, Mocumbi criteria for diagnosis of EF were met in 100% of the patients, majority with moderate severity (77.8%). Cardiac MRI showed biventricular systolic function and volumes preserved. Focal subendocardial late gadolinium enhancement was observed on the apex and apical thrombus was confirmed in 66% of the patients Conclusion: FE is an uncommon restrictive cardiomyopathy limited to tropical countries. Most of patients in our series presented isolated involvement of left ventricle, followed by bi-ventricular involvement, with ventricular function usually preserved

Estudio de adsorción de arsénico con zeolita natural mexicana

En este trabajo se presenta el empleo de un medio adsorbente que consiste en una zeolita natural mexicana (tipo clinoptilolita) recubierta con óxido de hierro, como una alternativa para remover el arsénico, usando una columna con un lecho de zeolita acondicionada, puesto que combina las ventajas de un filtro convencional con las de un medio adsorbente natural, proporcionando un tratamiento en continuo, de bajo costo y relativamente fácil de operar. Los resultados de XRD, SEM/EDS y FTIR mostraron que los métodos de modificación empleados ser aptos para preparar los materiales adsorbentes. Los resultados de remoción de arsénico demostraron que la zeolita natural tipo clinoptilolita modificada con Fe es apta para remover ion arsénico de agua contaminada y los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con la muestra de menor tamaño de partícula, con concentración inicial de iones As de 1 ppm y a pH de 5 de la solución.In this work the use of an adsorbent medium consisting of a Mexican natural zeolite (type clinoptilolite) coated with iron oxide, as an alternative to remove the arsenic, is presented using a column with a conditioned zeolite bed, since it combines the advantages of a filter conventional with those of a natural adsorbent medium, providing a continuous, low cost and relatively easy to operate treatment. The results of XRD, SEM/ EDS and FTIR showed that the modification methods employed were suitable for preparing the adsorbent materials. The arsenic removal results showed that the Fe-modified clinoptilolite type natural zeolite is capable of removing arsenic ions from contaminated water and the best results were obtained with the smaller particle size sample with an initial concentration of 1 ppm as pH of 5 of the solution

Sustainability-oriented innovations and value creation in SMEs: An illustration in the Colombian context

Unlocking the potential of small and medium-sized enterprises hinges on grasping the underlying principles driving the development of sustainability-oriented innovations. It empowers this community of firms to contribute to sustainability and, at the same time, generate value. In this sense, drawing on the sustainable value creation model, the purpose of this study is to propose a framework for sustainability-oriented innovations in small and medium-sized enterprises by analyzing various strategic approaches. The study employs a theoretical approach aligning conceptual foundations with sustainability-oriented innovations. The study utilizes the sustainable value creation model and identifies four strategies suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises: (i) pollution prevention, (ii) product stewardship, (iii) clean technology, and (iv) sustainable vision focused on the base-of-the-pyramid. Further, portfolios of sustainability-oriented innovations, framed in each of the four strategies and in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises found in the literature are discussed. To illustrate each strategy, the analysis of four small and medium-sized enterprises operating in Colombia is conducted. The findings demonstrate how these strategies, combined with the implementation of portfolios of sustainability-oriented innovations, generate value in small and medium-sized enterprises, while promoting sustainability in the case of the context of an emerging economy. Moreover, the study suggests that small and medium-sized enterprises can effectively adopt a strategic orientation toward designing and implementing portfolios of sustainability-oriented innovations. Ultimately, the study highlights the potential of small and medium-sized enterprises in developing economies to contribute strategically to sustainable development, given their unique characteristics

Genome-Wide Association Analysis for Resistance to Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus Identifies Candidate Genes Involved in Viral Replication and Immune Response in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a viral disease with considerable negative impact on the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture industry. The aim of the present work was to detect genomic regions that explain resistance to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in rainbow trout. A total of 2,278 fish from 58 full-sib families were challenged with IPNV and 768 individuals were genotyped (488 resistant and 280 susceptible), using a 57K SNP panel Axiom, Affymetrix. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using the phenotypes time to death (TD) and binary survival (BS), along with the genotypes of the challenged fish using a Bayesian model (Bayes C). Heritabilities for resistance to IPNV estimated using genomic information, were 0.53 and 0.82 for TD and BS, respectively. The Bayesian GWAS detected a SNP located on chromosome 5 explaining 19% of the genetic variance for TD. The proximity of Sentrin-specific protease 5 (SENP5) to this SNP makes it a candidate gene for resistance against IPNV. In case of BS, a SNP located on chromosome 23 was detected explaining 9% of the genetic variance. However, the moderate-low proportion of variance explained by the detected marker leads to the conclusion that the incorporation of all genomic information, through genomic selection, would be the most appropriate approach to accelerate genetic progress for the improvement of resistance against IPNV in rainbow trout

Evaluation of the sorption potential of mineral materials using tetracycline as a model pollutant

Tetracycline (TC) is among the most used antibiotics in animal feedstock in the EU. Antibiotics’ persistence as emerging pollutants in the environment is evidenced by their long half-life in residual organic-mineral sediments and waters. The risk associated with this persistence favours antibiotic-resistant microbiota, affecting human health and ecosystems. The purpose of the present work is to assess the adsorption of TC into natural clay minerals, synthetic iron hydroxides and calcined sewage sludge. TC adsorption isotherms were performed in three replicated batch tests at three di erent pH values (4, 6, 8) and TC concentrations (33–1176 mg.L−1). X-Ray di raction (XRD) mineralogy, cation exchange capacity (CEC), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller specific surface area (BET-SSA) and point of zero charge salt effect (PZSE) were determined for the characterization of materials. Sorption was analysed by means of fitting Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, which showed good fitting parameters for the studied materials. Low-charge montmorillonite (LC Mnt) is displays the best sorption capacity for TC at maximum TC concentration (350–300 mgTC.g−1) in the whole range of pH (4–8). Sepiolite and smectites adsorbed 200–250 mgTC.g−1, while illite, calcined sludge or iron hydroxides present the lowest adsorption capacity (<100 mgTC.g−1). Nevertheless, illite, sepiolite and ferrihydrite display high adsorption intensities at low to medium TC concentrations (<300 mg.L−1), even at pH 8, as is expected in wastewater environmental conditionsThis work has been economically supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (CTM2013-47874-C2-2-R and AGL2016-78490-R)