Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions are measured at the centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV. The pseudorapidity distribution in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1.8 is reported for inelastic events and for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles produced in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.5 is 5.31 +/- 0.18 and 6.46 +/- 0.19 for the two event classes, respectively. The transverse-momentum distribution of charged particles is measured in the range 0.15 <p(T) <20 GeV/c and vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.8 for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The evolution of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles is also investigated as a function of event multiplicity. The results are compared with calculations from PYTHIA and EPOS Monte Carlo generators. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

The elliptic flow, v(2), of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity (2.5 <y <4) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)= 2.76TeVwith the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar product, two- and four-particle Q cumulants and Lee-Yang zeros methods are used. The dependence of the v(2) of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on the collision centrality, in the range 0-40%, and on transverse momentum, p(T), is studied in the interval 3 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. A positive v(2) is observed with the scalar product and two-particle Q cumulants in semi-central collisions (10-20% and 20-40% centrality classes) for the p(T) interval from 3 to about 5GeV/c with a significance larger than 3 sigma, based on the combination of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The v(2) magnitude tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing pT. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval 6 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Molecular characterization of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in wild animals captured in the Amazon Region

Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.OBJETIVO: Identificar animais silvestres como reservatórios de Escherichia coli enteropatogênica atípica (aEPEC). MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram pesquisados os fatores de virulência de aEPEC (eae e bfp) em 263 amostras de E. coli isoladas de 260 animais silvestres capturados em três municípios do estado do Pará (Marabá, Parauapebas e Canaã dos Carajás), de março de 2008 a dezembro de 2009. Os métodos de pesquisa aplicados foram a reação em cadeia da polimerase, utilizando primers específicos, seguida do sequenciamento do gene eae. RESULTADOS: Dentre as 263 amostras de E. coli avaliadas, foram observadas 3,04% (8/263) como aEPEC, com 2,66% (7/263) em roedores e 0,4% (1/263) em marsupiais. Dentre as amostras analisadas, observou-se a presença de quatro variantes de intimina: β1 (amostras 574, 812 e 813), β2 (amostra 630), ζ (amostras 445 e 447) e ε (amostras 611 e 856). Após análise filogenética pelo método de agrupamento de pares não ponderados com base na média aritmética, foi obtida a árvore consenso que apresentou a formação de dois grupos: o primeiro composto por KT591282.1, ε1 intimina (611 e 856) com KT591233.1, β1 intimina (574, 812 e 813); e o segundo por KT591325.1, ζ intimina (445 e 447) com KT591333.1, β2 intimina (630). CONCLUSÃO: Os dados demonstraram que as aEPEC isoladas dos animais silvestres possuíam características genéticas semelhantes às observadas em humanos, podendo os animais analisados estarem servindo de reservatório para as aEPEC circulantes.OBJECTIVE: Identifying wild animals as reservoirs of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: aEPEC virulence factors (eae and bfp) were investigated in 263 E. coli samples isolated from 260 wild animals captured in three municipalities of Pará State, Brazil (Marabá, Parauapebas and Canaã dos Carajás), from March 2008 to December 2009. The applied research methods were polymerase chain reaction, using specific primers, followed by the eae gene sequencing. RESULTS: Among the 263 E. coli samples evaluated, 3.04% (8/263) as aEPEC were observed, with 2.66% (7/263) in rodents and 0.4% (1/263) in marsupials. In the analyzed samples were observed four intimin variants: β1 (samples 574, 812, and 813), β2 (sample 630), ζ (445 and 447 samples), and ε (samples 611 and 856). After the phylogenetic analysis by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean, the consensus tree was obtained presenting the formation of two groups: the first one composed by KT591282.1, intimin ε1 (611 and 856) with KT591233.1, intimin β1 (574, 812, and 813); and the second one by KT591325.1, intimin ζ (445 and 447) with KT591333.1, intimin β2 (630). CONCLUSION: Data showed that aEPEC isolated from wild animals had genetic characteristics similar to those observed in humans, and the animals analyzed may serve as reservoirs for circulating aEPEC

ESCHERICHIA COLI ENTEROHEMORRÁGICA E PERFIL DE RESISTÊNCIA A ANTIMICROBIANOS EM SUÍNOS CRIADOS NO ESTADO DO PARÁ

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ocorrência e o perfil de resistência antimicrobiana de Escherichia coli enterohemorrágica em suínos criados no Estado do Pará. 200 amostras fecais de suínos foram coletadas e semeadas em caldos Escherichia coli e Gram negativo, e posteriormente incubadas em Agar MacConkey. Colônias suspeitas foram identificadas em ágar tríplice açúcar ferro para caracterização bioquímica e analisadas a partir de PCR Multiplex, seguido de investigação de susceptibilidade aos agentes antimicrobianos disponíveis usando o sistema VITEK® 2 Compact (bioMérieux)®. Das 15 propriedades estudadas, foram verificadas E. coli enterohemorrágica (EHEC) em seis, sendo isoladas em 11% (22/200) dos animais pesquisados. O teste de susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos demonstrou que 50% dos casos apresentaram resistência a pelo menos um antimicrobiano: 31,81% para ácido nalidíxico, 27,27% para trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol, 18,18% para ampicilina e 13,63% para cefalotina. Neste estudo, cepas de Escherichia coli enterohemorrágica foram identificadas em suínos,  e foi possível verificar a resistência dessas cepas patogênicas a alguns antimicrobianos utilizados na rotina veterinária e humana, como trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol e ampicilina, que são indicados para combatê-las, surgindo preocupação quanto ao tratamento de doenças que envolvem E. coli patogênica, bem como a seleção de genes de resistência em bactérias presentes na microbiota animal utilizada como alimento, e a possibilidade de transferência desses genes para bactérias do trato intestinal humano

Epidemiological aspects of bacterial enteric infections in children under 5 years old in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil

Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.OBJETIVO: Investigar a ocorrência de enteropatógenos bacterianos na etiologia da doença diarreica aguda (DDA), associando variáveis clínico-epidemiológicas, em menores de 5 anos de idade, atendidos em unidades de saúde do município de Rio Branco, estado do Acre, Brasil, em 2012. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O estudo envolveu a análise de dados obtidos das fichas clínico-epidemiológicas de 502 crianças, sendo 272 casos de DDA e 230 controles. A frequência de cada enteropatógeno pesquisado e a associação desses agentes com as condições socioeconômicas das crianças foram verificadas por meio dos testes qui-quadrado e teste exato de Fisher, adotando-se um nível de significância de 0,05 (5%) e utilizando-se o programa BioEstat v5.0. RESULTADOS: As bactérias mais frequentes em ambos os grupos foram Escherichia coli diarreiogênicas (80,2%), Campylobacter jejuni e Campylobacter coli (9,0%), Shigella spp. (5,6%) e Salmonella spp. (4,0%). Houve associação significativa entre a ocorrência de E. coli e a presença de DDA (p < 0,001). A distribuição temporal das E. coli diarreiogênicas foi maior nos meses de novembro e dezembro (período chuvoso). A associação entre a renda familiar e o grupo clínico foi estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,00051). Quanto às condições de habitação, foi observado maior risco quando a frequência da coleta de lixo era irregular. Constatou-se que o risco da criança desenvolver DDA era maior quando a mãe tinha entre 14 e 19 anos de idade. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se que os casos de DDA em menores de 5 anos de idade, em Rio Branco, estavam relacionados à circulação de enteropatógenos bacterianos, em especial a E. coli diarreiogênica.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence of bacterial enteric pathogens in the etiology of acute diarrheal disease (ADD) in association with clinical and epidemiological aspects in children under 5 years old attended in healthcare units in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil, in 2012. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study analyzed data obtained from clinical and epidemiological records of 502 children, 272 ADD cases and 230 controls. The frequency of each enteropathogen and the association with the socioeconomic conditions of the children were verified using chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test, with a significance level of 0.05 (5%), and BioEstat v5.0 software. RESULTS: The most frequent bacteria in both groups were diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (80.2%), Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli (9.0%), Shigella spp. (5.6%), and Salmonella spp. (4.0%). There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of E. coli and ADD (p < 0.001). The temporal distribution of diarrheagenic E. coli was higher in November and December (rainy season). The correlation between family income and the clinical group was statistically significant (p < 0.00051). Regarding housing conditions, a higher risk was observed when the frequency of garbage collection was irregular. The risk of the child developing ADD was greater when mothers were between 14 and 19 years of age. CONCLUSION: It was verified that cases of ADD in children under 5 years old in Rio Branco were related to the circulation of bacterial enteric pathogens, especially diarrheagenic E. coli