Acquaintance And Person Knowledge: A Study Of Naturalistic Person Perception

Two studies of person perception were conducted. In Study 1, subjects produced written descriptions of two real acquaintances: one whom they recently met (unfamiliar target) and one whom they had known for some time (familiar target). These target acquaintances were further specified by orthogonal manipulations of interdependence (subordinate vs. equal status vs. superordinate) and spacing of interactions (massed vs. spaced, e.g., everyday vs. once a week). In Study 2, randomly paired strangers of the same gender met face-to-face in problem-solving work-sessions. Interdependence within dyads was manipulated by varying how each member\u27s outcomes depended upon the other member (members were either equally or unequally dependent on each other). The spacing of interactions was manipulated by having subjects meet either once per week or approximately every two days. Also, different dyads met varying numbers of times (members met once, twice, or three times), which was the manipulation of objective familiarity . After the final meeting, each member produced a detailed description of his or her partner.;Analysis of variance was used to assess the structural nature of person knowledge as a function of interdependence, spacing of interactions, and familiarity . Five dependent measures were derived from the descriptions. These included the number of attributes used to describe the referent person (i.e., differentation), the degree of informational integration, the complexity, the abstractness, and the evaluative tone of the description.;Results revealed robust effects for familiarity : knowledge for familiar acquaintances was more differentiated and abstract than for less familiar acquaintances. The effects of interdependence and spacing were mixed and generally weak. Specifically, interdependence affected differentiation in ways opposite to predictions, but did not affect the evaluative tone of descriptions (which had been expected). The spacing variable unexpectedly influenced only the evaluative measures.;Discussion of the results emphasized the importance of objective familiarity for person perception, especially under naturalistic conditions. The unexpected findings for interdependence were discussed in terms of stereotypical behavior patterns in unequal relationships. The spacing effects were discussed in terms of the consolidation and polarization of the perceiver\u27s impression of the referent person. Finally, recommendations for future research were offered, and several limitations of the present research were discussed

EDEMA EMORRAGICO ACUTO DELL'INFANZIA: UN CASE REPORT

Un lattante di 6 mesi maschio giunge alla nostra osservazione per comparsa di lesioni maculo-papulari alle guance estesesi, in poche ore, ai quattro arti ed evolventi in manifestazioni purpuriche su cute edematosa senza segno della fovea. All’EO all’ingresso si evidenziavano inoltre: angioedema dei padiglioni auricolari, aspetto a coccarda delle lesioni aventi diametro max di 2 cm con coinvolgimento anche dello scroto, cute del tronco e mucose integre, assenza di segni neurologici. Due giorni prima del ricovero e della comparsa delle manifestazioni cutanee il piccolo aveva presentato febbre (T max 39,5°C) e faringite trattata con amoxi-clavulanato. Esami al ricovero: PCR mossa (2,3 mg/dl; VN <0,5), emocromo, coagulazione, elettroforesi proteica, complementemia ed Ig differenziate nella norma; ETG addome e valutazione cardiologica nella norma. Nel sospetto di severo esantema immunoallergico veniva sospesa la terapia con amoxi-clavulanato e si somministravano IVIG 1 g/kg per 2 giorni, tuttavia senza beneficio. Gli esami delle urine quotidiani non mostravano alterazioni, il tampone faringeo risultava negativo per Streptococcus pyogenes, tuttavia si rilevava positività dell’Adenovirus-DNA su sangue. Per la persistenza di buone condizioni generali, nonostante il quadro cutaneo drammatico, ed apiressia con esami nella norma si considerava la diagnosi di edema emorragico acuto dell’infanzia. In terza giornata di degenza per la comparsa di flittene siero-ematica al braccio alla coscia sn e tendenza all’ulcerazione di alcune delle lesioni si iniziava terapia con metilprednisolone ev (con decalage per os per un totale di 10 giorni) e copertura antibiotica con cloramfenicolo con progressivo miglioramento. L’edema emorragico acuto dell’infanzia è una vasculite cutanea leucocitoclastica che colpisce generalmente il bambino di età inferiore ai 2 anni, caratterizzata da un quadro clinico cutaneo eclatante, ad insorgenza acuta, con lesioni purpuricheecchimotiche a coccarda ed edema localizzati agli arti, volto e padiglioni auricolari, ma con decorso breve e benigno seguito da remissione completa. Sebbene la remissione sia spontanea, in questo caso è stata somministrata terapia steroidea dato il carattere severo delle manifestazioni cutanee con evoluzione in bolle che in letteratura sono descritte raramente