Advancing a Conceptual Model of Evidence-Based Practice Implementation in Public Service Sectors

Implementation science is a quickly growing discipline. Lessons learned from business and medical settings are being applied but it is unclear how well they translate to settings with different historical origins and customs (e.g., public mental health, social service, alcohol/drug sectors). The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-level, four phase model of the implementation process (i.e., Exploration, Adoption/Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment), derived from extant literature, and apply it to public sector services. We highlight features of the model likely to be particularly important in each phase, while considering the outer and inner contexts (i.e., levels) of public sector service systems

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Targeting Sedentary Behaviour at the Policy Level

Policy level approaches are a promising and potentially powerful way to reduce sedentary behaviour at a population level. Ecological models have typically been used to reduce sedentary behaviour at a policy level. These focus on specific settings where policies may be present. This chapter examines home, workplace, education, transportation, healthcare, and nonhome-based leisure settings where sedentary behaviour reduction can be targeted at a policy level and the accompa­nying evidence for such policies along with important supporting factors. For policies to be effective in these settings, they also require shifting strong social norms to sit and should focus on benefits broader than health, such as increased productivity and academic learning and reduced traffic congestion. Government guidelines are a key policy component as are recommendations from non-government organizations. Current sedentary behaviour guidelines and stake­holder recommendations are summarised. A description of the national physical activity report cards is provided as an example of a SUfcessful policy initiative driving sedentary behaviour reduction in many countries. Limitations of the existing evidence and recommendations for future research are also included