An Unconditional Exact Test For Small Samples Matched Binary Pairs

When investigators have N pairs of binary data, a common test for an increased rate of response is McNemar\u27s test. However, McNemar\u27s is an approximate, conditional test. An exact, unconditional test exists, but requires restrictive assumptions. Critical values and power tables are presented for an exact, unconditional test free of these assumptions

Sensors for ultrasonic nondestructive testing (NDT) in harsh environments

In this special issue of Sensors, seven peer-reviewed manuscripts appear on the topic of ultrasonic transducer design and operation in harsh environments: elevated temperature, high gamma and neutron fields, or the presence of chemically aggressive species. Motivations for these research and development projects are strongly focused on nuclear power plant inspections (particularly liquid-sodium cooled reactors), and nondestructive testing of high-temperature piping installations. It is anticipated that we may eventually see extensive use of permanently mounted robust transducers for in-service monitoring of petrochemical plants and power generations stations; quality control in manufacturing plants; and primary and secondary process monitoring in the fabrication of engineering materials

Simultaneous Comparison of Many Triphasic Defibrillation Waveforms

Biphasic defibrillation waveforms are now accepted as being more effective at terminating ventricular fibrillation (VF) than monophasic waveforms. If two phases are better than one, this naturally leads to the hypothesis that additional phases improve efficacy. This study tests the hypothesis by adding one additional phase. We examined the efficacy of 18 different triphasic waveforms simultaneously