Marriage in Rural Philippine Households

Utilizing intergenerational data from a sample of rural households in Laguna Province, this article tests the proposition that rural families are responsive to economic conditions as choices are made regarding children’s educational needs, their location and occupation choices.rural sector, migration

The Green Revolution and the Gene Revolution in Pakistan: Policy Implications

Pakistan achieved high levels of Green Revolution Modern Variety (GRMV) adoption in the Green Revolution. Pakistan out-performed India and Bangladesh in the Green Revolution. Only China, among major countries, out-performed Pakistan in the Green Revolution. Pakistan does not have the food safety and environmental risk studies in place to support a regulatory environment for biotechnology. In effect, Pakistan is following the “precautionary principle” and applying it to science policy. This paper argues that this is a mistake. Pakistan is paying a “double penalty” for its inability to develop the regulatory systems required to take advantage of genetically modified (GM) crops. Not only does it lose the cost reductions enabled by GM crops, but because other countries have adopted GM crops, world prices are lower as a result and affect Pakistan’s export crops.

Marriage in Rural Philippine Households

Utilizing intergenerational data from a sample of rural households in Laguna Province, this article tests the proposition that rural families are responsive to economic conditions as choices are made regarding children’s educational needs, their location and occupation choices.rural sector, migration

Infrastructure, Output Supply and Input Demand in Philippine Agriculture: Provisional Estimates

This article has been presented at the Workshop on Methods for Agricultural Policy Analysis held at the UP Los Baños on August 13-14, 1985. Estimation results indicate that all technological variables exhibit a strong bias for fertilizer and tractor use. Furthermore, research shows a bias against labor use while extension and high-yielding variety highly depends on the labor sector.research and development sector, infrastructure, agriculture sector, research, econometric modeling, fertilizer industry, extension services

Impact Multiplier Policy Models for the Agricultural Sector: An Application to India

This article has been presented at the Workshop on Methods for Agricultural Policy Analysis held at the UP Los Baños on August 13-14, 1985. It discusses a simple type of general equilibrium policy models and illustrates its application in the Indian agriculture. Results indicate the importance of population growth to the demand of goods and supply of labor.agriculture sector, econometric modeling

Impact Multiplier Policy Models for the Agricultural Sector: An Application to India

This article has been presented at the Workshop on Methods for Agricultural Policy Analysis held at the UP Los Baños on August 13-14, 1985. It discusses a simple type of general equilibrium policy models and illustrates its application in the Indian agriculture. Results indicate the importance of population growth to the demand of goods and supply of labor.agriculture sector, econometric modeling

GMOs: Prospects for Increased Crop Productivity in Developing Countries

Genetically Modified Crops (GMO foods) have been widely available to farmers since 1996. The Gene Revolution, based on recombinant DNA (rDNA) genetic engineering techniques, is seen by proponents as both supplanting Green Revolution varieties, based on conventional plant breeding techniques, and potentially enabling "disadvantaged" production environments, unreached by Green Revolution varieties to achieve productivity improvements. This paper argues that the private firms supplying GM crop products have generally had little interest in selling products in disadvantaged production environments. The paper also argues that present rDNA techniques allow only static gains from specific "trait" improvements. But these GM products can be installed on Green Revolution varieties where continued dynamic varietal improvement is possible. As a consequence, the Gene Revolution complements the Green Revolution, and because trait incorporation expands area planted to Green Revolution varieties, there is potential for productivity improvement in disadvantaged environments.Genetically Modified Foods, Genetic Engineering

Regional Total Factor Productivity Change in Philippine Agriculture

This article has been presented at the Workshop on Methods for Agricultural Policy Analysis held at the UP Los Baños on August 13-14, 1985. Utilizing nine Philippine regional data for 1949-1974 and 12 Philippine regional data for 1975-1984, analysis indicates remarkable differences in agricultural productivity performance across regions. Although it does not offer an in-depth analysis regarding the sources of productivity change, this article raises a number of concerns for further inquiry.economic/development modelling, total factor productivity, land management, agriculture sector, crop production

Regional Total Factor Productivity Change in Philippine Agriculture

This article has been presented at the Workshop on Methods for Agricultural Policy Analysis held at the UP Los Baños on August 13-14, 1985. Utilizing nine Philippine regional data for 1949-1974 and 12 Philippine regional data for 1975-1984, analysis indicates remarkable differences in agricultural productivity performance across regions. Although it does not offer an in-depth analysis regarding the sources of productivity change, this article raises a number of concerns for further inquiry.economic/development modelling, total factor productivity, land management, agriculture sector, crop production

New Econometric Evidence on Agricultural Total Factor Productivity Determinants: Impact of Funding Sources

This paper examines the impact of public and private agricultural research and extension on agricultural total factor productivity at the state level. We test the hypothesis that the composition of agricultural experiment station funding—share of funding from impact of federal competitive grants and contracts and from federal formula and state government appropriations---affects the productivity of public agricultural research using data for the 48 contiguous states over 1970-1999.  Our results show not only that sources of funding matter, but that an increase in federal competitive grant funding at the expense of federal formula funding would lower the productivity of public agricultural research. Furthermore, our simulation results show that a few states would most likely gain by a re-allocation of federal formula to grant and contract funding but most would lose.