Review of Seabird Demographic Rates and Density Dependence. JNCC Report no. 552

Introduction This report presents individual species accounts for a selection of British seabirds, sea ducks, divers and grebes. Each account gathers the most up to date published estimates on the following demographic parameters: age-specific survival, age-specific productivity, age of recruitment, incidence of missed breeding, and natal and adult breeding dispersal. Particular attention has been given to regional variation in demographic rates, indicating the extent to which estimates may be applied to other less-well studied colonies. Where possible, the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence demographic rates are also detailed. The reported rates should enable population models that assess the impacts of offshore wind farms to be developed as reliably and realistically as possible. Where sufficient data could not be gathered using UK examples, data from colonies outside of the UK have been presented, or a proxy species has been identified. The evidence for density-dependent regulation of seabird demographic rates is also reviewed using examples from the UK, as well as non-UK studies on similar species

Review of Seabird Demographic Rates and Density Dependence. JNCC Report no. 552

Introduction This report presents individual species accounts for a selection of British seabirds, sea ducks, divers and grebes. Each account gathers the most up to date published estimates on the following demographic parameters: age-specific survival, age-specific productivity, age of recruitment, incidence of missed breeding, and natal and adult breeding dispersal. Particular attention has been given to regional variation in demographic rates, indicating the extent to which estimates may be applied to other less-well studied colonies. Where possible, the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence demographic rates are also detailed. The reported rates should enable population models that assess the impacts of offshore wind farms to be developed as reliably and realistically as possible. Where sufficient data could not be gathered using UK examples, data from colonies outside of the UK have been presented, or a proxy species has been identified. The evidence for density-dependent regulation of seabird demographic rates is also reviewed using examples from the UK, as well as non-UK studies on similar species

The community practice program at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. S. A.

– The Community Dentistry Department of the University of Michigan has coordinated a community practice program since fall 1971. The program provides a broad range of experiences, including work with penal institutions, a major hospital, homes for the retarded, rural and urban clinics, an institution training dental assistants, and a summer migrant program. The purpose of the third year field experiences is to allow dental students to observe the relationship of dental and other health problems to individuals and social groups in a community setting and to become familiar with factors affecting the distribution of dental disease. The senior year experiences afford students an opportunity to perform clinical dental procedures in a community health environment and to become aware of social, economic, political and cultural factors affecting dental health and dental practice. It has been found that combining clinically-related experiences with community-related experiences results in much higher student motivation and enthusiasm. All dental students are required to spend seven days on community practice during their junior and senior years. The school feels that these extramural experiences bring about an awareness of and interest in the many opportunities that exist for guiding a community toward better dental health.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72572/1/j.1600-0528.1974.tb01796.x.pd

Public Perceptions of the Midwest\u27s Pavements - Iowa - Executive Summary

This report summarizes Iowa results of a five year, Pooled Fund study involving the Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota DOTs designed to 1) assess the public\u27s perceptions of the departments’ pavement improvement strategies and 2) to develop customer-based thresholds of satisfaction with pavements on rural two lane highways in each state as related to the Departments’ physical indices, such as pavement ride and condition. The primary objective was to seek systematic customer input to improve the Departments’ pavement improvement policies by 1) determining how drivers perceive the departments’ pavements in terms of comfort and convenience but also in terms of other tradeoffs departments had not previously considered, 2) determining relationships between perceptions and measured pavement condition thresholds (including a general level of tolerance of winter ride conditions in two of the states), and 3) identifying important attributes and issues that may not have been considered in the past. Secondary objectives were 1) to provide a tool for systematic customer input in the future and 2) provide information which can help structure public information programs. A University of Wisconsin-Extension survey lab conducted the surveys under the direction of a multi-disciplinary team from Marquette University. Approximately 4500 drivers in the three states participated in the three phases of the project. Researchers conducted six focus groups in each state, approximately 400 statewide telephone interviews in each state and 700-800 targeted telephone interviews in each state. Approximately 400 winter ride interviews were conducted in Wisconsin and Minnesota. A summary of the method for each survey is included. In Phase I, focus groups were conducted with drivers to get an initial indication of what the driving public believes in regards to pavements and to frame issues for inclusion in the more representative state-wide surveys of drivers conducted in Phase II of the project. Phase II interviews gathered information about improvement policy trade-off issues and about preliminary thresholds of improvement in terms of physical pavement indices. In Phase III, a two step recruitment and post-drive interview procedure yielded thresholds of ride and condition index summarized for each state. Results show that, in general, the driving public wants longer lasting pavements and are willing to pay for them. They want to minimize construction delay, improve entire sections of highway at one time but they dislike detours, and prefer construction under traffic even if it stretches out construction time. Satisfaction with pavements does not correlate directly to a high degree with physical pavement indices, but was found instead to be a complex, multi-faceted phenomenon. A psychological model (after Fishbein/Ajzen) was applied to explain satisfaction to a respectable degree (R2 of .7) for the social sciences. Results also indicate a high degree of trust in the three DOTs which is enhanced when the public is asked for input on specific highway segments. Conclusions and recommendations include a three-step methodology for other state studies. Physical data thresholds based on both public satisfaction and the agreement to improve are presented for each state\u27s physical pavement indices (ride and condition). Recommendations for changes to the quality ranges of the physical indices where appropriate are also made

Report on model study of a trapezoidal flume for measurement of stream discharge

CER59ARR57.January 1960.Prepared for the Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.Includes bibliographical references

Ultrastructure of Coronary Arterial Endothelium in Atherosclerotic Swine Suggests Lipid Retro-Endocytosis

During experimental atherosclerosis, arterial endothelial cells show characteristic ultrastructural changes including the appearance of increased numbers of plasmalemmal and cytoplasmic vesicles. These structures have been shown by tracer studies to participate in the transcellular transport of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and β-very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol from the arterial lumen into the abluminal extracellular matrix. Although this probably represents the major lipid transport pathway, other forms of transport may exist. We document the presence of apparent lipid structures averaging approximately 300 nm in diameter at or near the luminal surface of coronary arterial endothelium of atherosclerotic miniature swine. The structures exhibited a particulate nature with subunits of a heterogenous size distribution. The appearance of the endothelial plasmalemma adjacent and subjacent to these structures suggests exocytosis. We hypothesize that this previously unreported morphology may represent an in vivo structural correlate for the lipoprotein retro-endocytosis pathway which has been recently identified using biochemical methods in smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts in vitro

Orifice plates for furrow flow measurement

CER59ARR24.December 7, 1959.Research Report No. 323.At the request of the Soil Conservation Service, Western Soil and Water Management Research Branch, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture