The content of selected minerals determined in the liver, kidney and meat of pigs

The aim of the study was to determine the chemical composition of pig meat, liver and kidney in terms of mineral elements, and to establish the relationships between selected macro- and microelements. Twenty organically raised pigs [Złotnicka Spotted and F1 (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace)] were investigated. At the end of fattening (100-108 kg of body weight), the animals were slaughtered and the following tissues and organs were sampled from each pig: muscle longissimus lumborum, liver, and kidney. The samples were freeze-dried and digested in an Ethos Plus microwave system. Mineral content of the prepared samples was determined by means of a Unicam Solar 969 atomic absorption spectrometer. Longissimus lumborum muscle proved to be rich in macroelements as 1 kg of fresh tissue was found to contain as much as 282.34 mg magnesium, 3 668.41 mg potassium and 329.35 sodium. Among the analysed microelements (Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe), the presence of only zinc and iron (16.13 and 0.02 mg kg-1 of fresh tissue, respectively) was detected in the muscles. Liver samples were characterised by the highest levels of Zn (64.09 mg kg-1), Mn (3.37 mg kg-1) and Fe (0.48 mg kg-1). The mean content of Cu in 1 kg of fresh tissue did not exceed 7.42 mg. The macroelements determined were Mg (180.89 mg kg-1), K (3 082.04 mg kg-1) and Na (744.25 mg kg-1). Kidneys were most abundant in Cu (9.52 mg kg-1) and Na (1 404.08 mg kg-1). In addition, they also contained zinc (24.62 mg kg-1), manganese (2.25 mg kg-1), iron (0.11 mg kg-1), magnesium (202.14 mg kg-1) and potassium (2 541.63 mg kg-1)

The content of selected minerals determined in the liver, kidney and meat of pigs

The aim of the study was to determine the chemical composition of pig meat, liver and kidney in terms of mineral elements, and to establish the relationships between selected macro- and microelements. Twenty organically raised pigs [Złotnicka Spotted and F1 (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace)] were investigated. At the end of fattening (100-108 kg of body weight), the animals were slaughtered and the following tissues and organs were sampled from each pig: muscle longissimus lumborum, liver, and kidney. The samples were freeze-dried and digested in an Ethos Plus microwave system. Mineral content of the prepared samples was determined by means of a Unicam Solar 969 atomic absorption spectrometer. Longissimus lumborum muscle proved to be rich in macroelements as 1 kg of fresh tissue was found to contain as much as 282.34 mg magnesium, 3 668.41 mg potassium and 329.35 sodium. Among the analysed microelements (Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe), the presence of only zinc and iron (16.13 and 0.02 mg kg-1 of fresh tissue, respectively) was detected in the muscles. Liver samples were characterised by the highest levels of Zn (64.09 mg kg-1), Mn (3.37 mg kg-1) and Fe (0.48 mg kg-1). The mean content of Cu in 1 kg of fresh tissue did not exceed 7.42 mg. The macroelements determined were Mg (180.89 mg kg-1), K (3 082.04 mg kg-1) and Na (744.25 mg kg-1). Kidneys were most abundant in Cu (9.52 mg kg-1) and Na (1 404.08 mg kg-1). In addition, they also contained zinc (24.62 mg kg-1), manganese (2.25 mg kg-1), iron (0.11 mg kg-1), magnesium (202.14 mg kg-1) and potassium (2 541.63 mg kg-1)

Influence of the sex and age on the content of selected minerals in the meat of ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua L.) from the Vistula River, Poland

The aim of this study was to determine concentrations of Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Zn and Fe in the meat of ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua L.) and to investigate the relationship between fish sex or age and the mineral content of fish meat. 90 individuals of ruffe were caught in autumn (from October 9 to November 6) from the Vistula River, near Toruń and he local wastewater treatment plant. The muscle tissues from the large side muscle in a fish body, above the lateral line, were taken for analyses. All frozen meat samples were freeze dried in a freeze dryer and then tissues were mineralized in a microwave mineralizer. Concentrations of minerals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. As the analyses indicated, the concentrations of macroelements were arranged in the order: K > Ca > P > Na > Mg and the content of microelements was noted in the following decreasing sequence: Zn > Fe. The ranges of the mean concentrations of Na, K, Mg, Ca and P (g kg-1) were as follows: from 2.38 to 2.68, from 14.74 to 16.16, from 1.47 to 1.60, from 5.63 to 8.06, from 2.18 to 3.59, respectively. The ranges of the mean concentration of microelements (mg kg-1) were from 49 to 74 for Zn and from 26 to 29 for Fe. Statistically significant relationships between the age and the macro- and microelement concentrations were verified, and this tendency was comparable to the data obtained by other authors. Results of these studies showed that the sex of ruffe was not an important factor for the levels of macro- and microelements in this species

Influence of the sex and age on the content of selected minerals in the meat of ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua L.) from the Vistula River, Poland

The aim of this study was to determine concentrations of Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Zn and Fe in the meat of ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua L.) and to investigate the relationship between fish sex or age and the mineral content of fish meat. 90 individuals of ruffe were caught in autumn (from October 9 to November 6) from the Vistula River, near Toruń and he local wastewater treatment plant. The muscle tissues from the large side muscle in a fish body, above the lateral line, were taken for analyses. All frozen meat samples were freeze dried in a freeze dryer and then tissues were mineralized in a microwave mineralizer. Concentrations of minerals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. As the analyses indicated, the concentrations of macroelements were arranged in the order: K > Ca > P > Na > Mg and the content of microelements was noted in the following decreasing sequence: Zn > Fe. The ranges of the mean concentrations of Na, K, Mg, Ca and P (g kg-1) were as follows: from 2.38 to 2.68, from 14.74 to 16.16, from 1.47 to 1.60, from 5.63 to 8.06, from 2.18 to 3.59, respectively. The ranges of the mean concentration of microelements (mg kg-1) were from 49 to 74 for Zn and from 26 to 29 for Fe. Statistically significant relationships between the age and the macro- and microelement concentrations were verified, and this tendency was comparable to the data obtained by other authors. Results of these studies showed that the sex of ruffe was not an important factor for the levels of macro- and microelements in this species