Calculation of the C3A Percentage in High Sulfur Clinker

The aim of this paper is to clarify the influence of the clinker SO3 on the amount of C3A. The calculation of the cement phases percentages is based on the research work, Calculation of the Compounds in Portland Cement, published by Bogue in 1929 .The usage of high sulphur fuels, industrial wastes, and tires changes completely the working condition of Bogue because the assumed phase compositions may change. The results prove that increasing the amount of SO3 in the low alkali clinker decreases the percentages of C3A due to the high incorporation of alumina in the clinker phases mainly C2S and C3S. The correlation is linear till the clinker SO3 reaches the 2%. Over that the influence of the clinker SO3 became undetectable. A new calculation method for the determination of the C3A in the high sulphur and low alkali clinker was proposed

Differentiation between Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus from Pure Culture and Aflatoxin-Contaminated Grapes Using PCR-RFLP Analysis of aflR-aflJ Intergenic Spacer

Aflatoxins (AFs) represent the most important single mycotoxin-related food safety problem in developed and developing countries as they have adverse effects on human and animal health. They are produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Both species have different aflatoxinogenic profile. In order to distinguish between A. flavus and A. parasiticus, gene-specific primers were designed to target the intergenic spacer (IGS) for the AF biosynthesis genes, aflJ and aflR. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were subjected to restriction endonuclease analysis using BglII to look for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Our result showed that both species displayed different PCR-based RFLP (PCR-RFLP) profile. PCR products from A. flavus cleaved into 3 fragments of 362, 210, and 102 bp. However, there is only one restriction site for this enzyme in the sequence of A. parasiticus that produced only 2 fragments of 363 and 311 bp. The method was successfully applied to contaminated grapes samples. This approach of differentiating these 2 species would be simpler, less costly, and quicker than conventional sequencing of PCR products and/or morphological identification

doi:10.1155/2010/102146 Research Article Calculation of the C3A Percentage in High Sulfur Clinker

Copyright © 2010 Sayed Horkoss et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The aim of this paper is to clarify the influence of the clinker SO3 on the amount of C3A. The calculation of the cement phases percentages is based on the research work, Calculation of the Compounds in Portland Cement, published by Bogue in 1929.The usage of high sulphur fuels, industrial wastes, and tires changes completely the working condition of Bogue because the assumed phase compositions may change. The results prove that increasing the amount of SO3 in the low alkali clinker decreases the percentages of C3A due to the high incorporation of alumina in the clinker phases mainly C2S and C3S. The correlation is linear till the clinker SO3 reaches the 2%. Over that the influence of the clinker SO3 became undetectable. A new calculation method for the determination of the C3A in the high sulphur and low alkali clinker was proposed. 1

The effect of the source of cement SO 3 on the expansion of mortars

International audienceIn order to evaluate the risk of the source and quantity of cement SO3 on the expansion properties of mortars, this paper studied the influence of Gypsum, Bassanite and clinker sulfate on the cement paste expansion and the formation of delayed ettringite. The investigation covers the mortar cured at 20 °C and 80 °C and stored in water. In contradiction to many studies, the results showed that the cement produced with high sulfur clinker had lower expansion than that produced with classical gypsum or high soluble Bassanite. In addition to that, we have detected that the percentage of SO3, in the cement, could increase the risk of DEF if it surpasses the level of 3.5%. Also, the curing temperature at 80 °C affects the microstructure of concrete by generating cracks in the cement paste

Metabisotopomics of triacylglycerols from animal origin: A simultaneous metabolomic and isotopic profiling using 13C INEPT

International audienceIn previous works, we developed a 13C NMR method for analyzing triacylglycerols in olive oil using an adiabatic refocused INEPT sequence. This allowed spectral acquisition to be done in only 8 min with sufficient precision for isotopic measurements. In the present study, we made use of the same methodology to investigate the potential of triacylglycerols as source of biomarkers in animal origin matrices. To this end, egg yolk was taken as a model matrix. We called our profiling approach metabisotopomics since it was simultaneously metabolomic and isotopic profiling. Beside its ability to quantitate several fatty acids, metabisotopomics of triacylglycerols in egg yolk allowed the multivariate classification of samples according to the hen breed, to the farming system and origin. Achieved results confirmed our presumption that 13C metabisotopomics of triacylglycerols from animal sources is a powerful tool for metabolic studies as well as for food authentication processes

Influence of clinker sulfate on cement paste external sulfate attack

WOS:000321425900005International audienceThis paper aims to clarify the influence of the clinker sulfate on external sulfate attack of cement paste. The investigation shows that the clinker sulfate does not have any direct influence on the resistance of cement to external sulfate attack. Indirectly this sulfate reduces the amount of tricalcium aluminate (C(3)A) and tricalcium silicate (C3S), generating an improvement in the level of cement resistance to external sulfate attack. The mortar expansions, after 1 year of storage in 5% sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution, verify the mineralogical results. Additionally the investigation indicates that the combination of the three techniques - X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and graphical treatment of microanalysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy - leads to a better understanding of the causes of paste deterioration by external sulfate attack

Proposition d’un modèle d’organisation pour une gestion intégrée de la sécurité sanitaire des aliments, dans ses trois dimensions : technique, humaine et organisationnelle, à l’échelle libanaise

Nicolas, F. Chevrier, C. Rizk, T. Assaf, C. and Yaghy, J. 2017. Proposal of an organizational model for an integrated management of food safety, in its three dimensions: technical, human and organizational, on Lebanese scale. Lebanese Science Journal, 18(1): 1-25. A critical analysis of the Lebanese food industry in its main sectors, namely milk and its derivatives, red meat and white meat, was made from facility inspections, investigations and management manufacturing procedures and/or processing, as well as microbiological and chemical analysis of different samples. It showed the inadequacy or the failure of the measures adopted, either at the organoleptic quality of food produced or the safety of consumer foods. Hence the need for the establishment of a new management system, supported by appropriate governance and meet international requirements, resulting in an ongoing, controlled and acceptable risk, and the restoration and strengthening of trust in the Lebanese health system. However, health problems often exceeding their initial importance and direct effect of triggering factor - minimal disruption transforming rapidly into a major crisis - any food system finds himself constantly undermined with permanent instability. This instability is characteristic of complex phenomena, and therefore, it returns us to the theory that the system is considered as a network of interdependent actors working to the satisfaction of the consumer in a given geographical area. Such a system must necessarily be global; it must incorporate all stakeholders in the food chain and be able to self-adjust to permanent and continuous way. From these considerations, we propose to the Lebanese authorities, in addition to the new food safety legislation food, adopted in January 2015, a specific model based on the principle of systemic triangulation (governance, risk analysis, regulatory and legislation) and operating as a global system of governance and management of health food. The role of the authorities return to set standards of this system and the regulatory framework of the structure and behavior. The risk analysis tool, based on international standards, guarantor of international recognition of the proposed model should then be able to arrange its components continuously, in three dimensions, technical, human and organizational, and for that the entire system does not depart from the main objective, the protection of public health

Application of a reversed-phase HPLC method for quantitative P-Coumaric acid analysis in wine

Aims: This paper presents a rapid chromatographic method to monitor the concentration of p-coumaric acid in wine and in bioconversion studies. Methods and results: RP-HPLC method was validated in synthetic wine medium and in natural red wine. Mobile phase composition was water 77%, acetonitrile 23%. Formic acid was added to control pH at 3.5. The flow was 0.7 mL/min and the temperature 30 °C. The detection was done using UV at 305 nm. The linearity range was validated between 0.5 and 15 mg/L. The resolution was respectively 5.35 and 2.99. The detection and quantification limits were 0.01 mg/L and 0.04 mg/L. This method was used to study p-coumaric acid bioconversion into 4-ethylphenol and 4-vinylphenol, and to study this acid adsorption in enological conditions. Conclusions: This paper presented a simple HPLC method to monitor the concentration of p-coumaric acid in synthetic media and natural wine. It was used to study the p-coumaric acid bioconversion rates and mechanism. Significance and impact of the study: This method is useful to monitor p-coumaric acid concentration, which helps to predict amounts of 4-ethylphenol or 4-vinylphenol that can be produced in wine. This method can be helpful to control undesirable phenolic flavors potential in wine