Empleo de los Sistemas de Inmersión Temporal para la producción de vitroplantas de caña de azúcar

This work was done at the sugarcane biofactory belonging to the Estación Territorial de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar (ETICA) Villa Clara – Cienfuegos. The objectives were to study the effect of temporary immersion on the multiplication coefficient of different sugarcane genotypes, evaluate the influence of the number of subcultures and the type of vessel on the multiplication coefficient and establish the production norms for the multiplication phase using temporary immersion systems. The results obtained showed that independently of the genotype evaluated, the multiplication coefficient increased with observation in the varieties with lowest values from 1.0 in 3.9 in the conventional system and up to 1.0 in 31.7 with temporary immersion. With respect to the volume of the vessel, there was a marked effect on the multiplication coefficient. The best results were obtained using vessels of 10 L capacity with coefficients that oscillated between 89.3 up to 100 units, which demonstrated the feasibility of using the temporary immersion systems as part of a strategy to semi-automate the micropropagation process of sugarcane and besides it allowed us to determine that one operator should process 3290 explants in a work-day. At the same time, it was possible to determine that the work time reduces on using temporary immersion systems and hence increased the productivity of the process.Key words: explants, micropropagation, multiplication coefficient, semi-automationEl presente trabajo se desarrolló en la Biofábrica de la caña de azúcar perteneciente a la Estación Territorial de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar (ETICA) Villa Clara - Cienfuegos. Tuvo como objetivos estudiar el efecto de la inmersión temporal en el coeficiente de multiplicación de diferentes genotipos de caña de azúcar, evaluar la influencia del número de subcultivos y el tipo de frascos en el coeficiente de multiplicación y establecer las normas de producción para la fase de multiplicación empleando sistemas de inmersión temporal. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que independientemente del genotipo evaluado, el coeficiente de multiplicación se incrementó, observándose en la variedad con menor respuesta valores desde 1.0 en 3.9 en el sistema convencional hasta 1.0 en 31.7 con inmersión temporal. Con respecto al volumen del frasco de cultivo se observó que este tuvo un efecto marcado sobre el coeficiente de multiplicación. Los mejores resultados se alcanzaron al emplear frascos de 10 litros de capacidad, con coeficientes que oscilaron entre 89.3 hasta 100 unidades, lo cual demostró la factibilidad del empleo de los sistemas de inmersión temporal como parte de una estrategia de semiautomatización del proceso de micropropagación de la caña de azúcar y además permitió determinar que un operario debe procesar 3290 explantes en una jornada laboral. Al mismo tiempo, se pudo determinar que el tiempo de trabajo se redujo al emplear los sistemas de inmersión temporal y por consiguiente aumentó la productividad del proceso.Palabras clave: coeficiente de multiplicación, explantes, micropropagación, semiautomatizació

Use of the Temporary Immersion Systems for sugar cane vitroplants´ production

This work was done at the sugarcane biofactory belonging to the Estación Territorial de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar (ETICA) Villa Clara – Cienfuegos. The objectives were to study the effect of temporary immersion on the multiplication coefficient of different sugarcane genotypes, evaluate the influence of the number of subcultures and the type of vessel on the multiplication coefficient and establish the production norms for the multiplication phase using temporary immersion systems. The results obtained showed that independently of the genotype evaluated, the multiplication coefficient increased with observation in the varieties with lowest values from 1.0 in 3.9 in the conventional system and up to 1.0 in 31.7 with temporary immersion. With respect to the volume of the vessel, there was a marked effect on the multiplication coefficient. The best results were obtained using vessels of 10 L capacity with coefficients that oscillated between 89.3 up to 100 units, which demonstrated the feasibility of using the temporary immersion systems as part of a strategy to semi-automate the micropropagation process of sugarcane and besides it allowed us to determine that one operator should process 3290 explants in a work-day. At the same time, it was possible to determine that the work time reduces on using temporary immersion systems and hence increased the productivity of the process. Key words: explants, micropropagation, multiplication coefficient, semi-automatio