Passion and exercise addiction: Healthier profiles in team than in individual sports

New evidence suggests that passion is linked to exercise addiction. The objective of this work was to determine the strength of the relationship between exercise addiction, obsessive passion, and harmonious passion in team versus individual sports. Athletes (n = 190) from three team and three individual sports were examined. Results of hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that obsessive passion and harmonious passion were significant (p < .001) predictors (R2 = .39) of exercise addiction. Obsessive passion accounted for 25% and 50% of the variance in team and individual sports, respectively. Harmonious passion added little to the shared variance (3–4%). The levels of risk for exercise addiction were identical (15%) in the two groups. In team sports, harmonious passion was higher than in individual sports (p < .001). The current results suggest that profiles of passion in team sports are superior to those in individual sports, while the risk for exercise addiction is similar

A practical review on the measurement tools for cellular adhesion force

Cell cell and cell matrix adhesions are fundamental in all multicellular organisms. They play a key role in cellular growth, differentiation, pattern formation and migration. Cell-cell adhesion is substantial in the immune response, pathogen host interactions, and tumor development. The success of tissue engineering and stem cell implantations strongly depends on the fine control of live cell adhesion on the surface of natural or biomimetic scaffolds. Therefore, the quantitative and precise measurement of the adhesion strength of living cells is critical, not only in basic research but in modern technologies, too. Several techniques have been developed or are under development to quantify cell adhesion. All of them have their pros and cons, which has to be carefully considered before the experiments and interpretation of the recorded data. Current review provides a guide to choose the appropriate technique to answer a specific biological question or to complete a biomedical test by measuring cell adhesion

Cinétique de phototransformation de polluants organiques émergents en solution aqueuse diluée

Les vitesses de phototransformation de quatre hormones (estradiol, éthinylestradiol, progestérone, testostérone) et de deux anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens (diclofénac et naproxen) ont été étudiées en milieu aqueux dilué. Les expériences de photolyse ont été réalisées sous irradiation monochromatique (254 nm) et sous irradiation polychromatique (λ > 280 nm). Les résultats expérimentaux ont montré que les rendements quantiques de photodécomposition sont faibles (entre 0,02 et 0,08) à l’exception du diclofénac (de l’ordre de 0,30). L’influence de la concentration en oxygène dissous sur les rendements quantiques de photolyse a aussi été examinée. À partir des résultats obtenus, les rendements d’élimination des composés étudiés dans les conditions de désinfection des eaux par irradiation UV à 254 nm ont été estimés.The photodecomposition of some emerging organic pollutants (4 hormones: estradiol, ethynylestradiol, progesterone, testosterone; and 2 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: diclofenac and naproxen) has been investigated in dilute aqueous solution. The photolysis experiments were carried out under monochromatic irradiation (254 nm) and under polychromatic irradiation (λ > 280 nm). The calculated quantum yields of photodecomposition under monochromatic irradiations were low (between 0.02 and 0.08) except for diclofenac for which the value was about 0.30. The influence of oxygen concentration was also examined and the removal yields of these compounds under the conditions used for the UV-disinfection of drinking water at 254 nm were estimated

Predicative adjectives in some Germanic and Slavic languages: On the role of metonymy in extending grammatical constructions

It has often been noted that English predicative adjectives frequently find their counterparts in Croatian in items belonging to some other word classes, particularly in verbs and adverbs, although direct structural correspondents do in fact exist. Contextual and/or stylistic factors certainly play an important role here, but we also note that even when there is no contextual pressure, nonadjectival predicates are very frequent. What is more, this peculiar contrast obtains not only between English and Croatian. Some other Slavic languages pattern like Croatian, while Germanic languages seem to be split in this respect, Flemish and Danish being closer to English, and German closer to Slavic languages. It is argued that these contrastive facts can be well motivated by taking into account how much a language relies on metonymy in organizing its predicate-argument structure, specifically in extending the ascriptive construction with predicative adjectives

Characterization of the dissolution of water microdroplets in oil

Water in oil emulsions have a wide range of applications from chemical technology to microfluidics, where the stability of water droplets is of paramount importance. Here using an accessible and easily reproducible experimental setup we describe and characterize the dissolution of water in oil, which renders nanoliter-sized droplets unstable, resulting in their shrinkage and disappearance in a time scale of hours. This process has applicability in creating miniature reactors for crystallization. We test multiple oils and their combinations with surfactants exhibiting widely different rates of dissolution. We derived simple analytical equations to determine the product of the diffusion coefficient and the relative saturation density of water in oil from the measured dissolution data. By measuring the moisture content of mineral and silicone oils with Karl Fischer titration before and after saturating them with water, we calculated the diffusion coefficient of water in these two oilsComment: 8 pages 6 figures 3 supplementary video

Prikazi, ocjene, osvrti

Prikazi, ocjene, osvrt

A gestatiós diabetes mellitus súlyossága befolyásolja a három évvel a szülést követoen mért microvascularis diszfunkció mértékét, amely kapcsolatban állhat az emelkedett szisztémás oxidatív stresszel

INTRODUCTION: Oxidative-nitrative stress and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation observed in gestational diabetes may play role in the increased cardiovascular risk in later life. AIM: The present study aimed to examine the influence of the severity of previous gestational diabetes (insulin need) on vascular function three years after delivery. Furthermore, the authors investigated the relation of vascular function with oxidative-nitrative stress and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation. METHOD: Macrovascular function was measured by applanation tonometry; microvascular reactivity was assessed by provocation tests during Laser-Doppler flowmetry in 40 women who had gestational diabetes 3 years before the study. Oxidative-nitrative stress and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity in blood components were determined by colorimetry and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Three years after insulin treated gestational diabetes impaired microvascular function and increased oxidative stress was observed compared to mild cases. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of previous gestational diabetes affects microvascular dysfunction that is accompanied by elevated oxidative stress. Nitrative stress and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity correlates with certain vascular factors not related to the severity of the disease. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(47), 1932-1936