13 research outputs found
Policy Enforcement with Proactive Libraries
Software libraries implement APIs that deliver reusable functionalities. To
correctly use these functionalities, software applications must satisfy certain
correctness policies, for instance policies about the order some API methods
can be invoked and about the values that can be used for the parameters. If
these policies are violated, applications may produce misbehaviors and failures
at runtime. Although this problem is general, applications that incorrectly use
API methods are more frequent in certain contexts. For instance, Android
provides a rich and rapidly evolving set of APIs that might be used incorrectly
by app developers who often implement and publish faulty apps in the
marketplaces. To mitigate this problem, we introduce the novel notion of
proactive library, which augments classic libraries with the capability of
proactively detecting and healing misuses at run- time. Proactive libraries
blend libraries with multiple proactive modules that collect data, check the
correctness policies of the libraries, and heal executions as soon as the
violation of a correctness policy is detected. The proactive modules can be
activated or deactivated at runtime by the users and can be implemented without
requiring any change to the original library and any knowledge about the
applications that may use the library. We evaluated proactive libraries in the
context of the Android ecosystem. Results show that proactive libraries can
automati- cally overcome several problems related to bad resource usage at the
cost of a small overhead.Comment: O. Riganelli, D. Micucci and L. Mariani, "Policy Enforcement with
Proactive Libraries" 2017 IEEE/ACM 12th International Symposium on Software
Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS), Buenos Aires,
Argentina, 2017, pp. 182-19
Verifying Policy Enforcers
International audiencePolicy enforcers are sophisticated runtime components that can prevent failures by enforcing the correct behavior of the software. While a single enforcer can be easily designed focusing only on the behavior of the application that must be monitored, the effect of multiple enforcers that enforce different policies might be hard to predict. So far, mechanisms to resolve interferences between enforcers have been based on priority mechanisms and heuristics. Although these methods provide a mechanism to take decisions when multiple enforcers try to affect the execution at a same time, they do not guarantee the lack of interference on the global behavior of the system. In this paper we present a verification strategy that can be exploited to discover interferences between sets of enforcers and thus safely identify a-priori the enforcers that can co-exist at run-time. In our evaluation, we experimented our verification method with several policy enforcers for Android and discovered some incompatibilities
Could art cycles have a detrimental effect on ovarian reserve? A retrospective case control study
Even if it is supposed damage of repeated ART (assisted reproductive technology) cycles on oocyte pool, there is still no evidence in literature. Aim of the study is to investigate whether infertile women who undergo to several ART cycles can show a lower ovarian reserve measured by AMH (Anti-Mullerian hormone) levels
Ultrasonography reappraisal of tubal patency in assisted reproduction technology patients: Comparison between 2D and 3D-sonohysterosalpingography. A pilot study
BacKGroUND: The aim of this study was to compare 2D and 3D-sonohysterosalpingography (2D-3D-HyFoSy) with previous diagnostic laparoscopy in the diagnosis of tubal patency, and compare each procedure in terms of procedure’s time, perceived pain and complication rate. MeTHoDS: We prospectively recruited infertile women, previously submitted to laparoscopy and randomly allocated into 2D-HyFoSy (group I) and 3D-HyFoSy (group II). We analyzed the results in term of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in tubal patency evaluation of both procedures in comparison with laparoscopy. RESULTS: We enrolled 50 women, 25 in group I and 25 in group II. 2D-HyFoSy findings obtained in group I, were concordant with laparoscopy in 81% of cases, with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 92%. In group II, a correspondence was present in 88% of examinations, with a sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 91.4% respectively. 3D-HyFoSy was found to be faster and less painful than 2D (P<0.001). coNclUSioNS: in the diagnosis of tubal occlusion, in the high-risk population, it seems advisable to us using the 3D-HyFoSy as the first-level examination, while, in low-risk patients, if the tubes appear obstructed in 2D-HyFoSy, the 3D-HyFoSy should be indicated before submitting patients to operative laparoscopy