Prevalence and Impact of Chronic Edema in Bariatric Patients: A LIMPRINT Study

Background: Chronic edema (CO) is a complex condition, arising from different factors, including immobility and obesity. Edema and obesity can have a significant impact on quality of life of patients and their families. Understanding how to manage edema in obese patients is an increasing challenge for both patients and clinicians. As effective treatment options are limited for this population, it is more cost-effective for patients to lose weight before starting treatment. When patients cannot maintain weight loss, one option is to have bariatric surgery.This study was part of LIMPRINT: Lymphedema IMpact and PRevalence INTernational, a study with the aim of identifying the prevalence and impact of CO in different countries and health care settings.Study Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and impact of CO among patients in a United Kingdom bariatric surgical service.Methods and Results: The gold standard pitting test assessed the presence of edema. General (EuroQOL-5 Dimensions [EQ-5D], RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, Version 1.0 [SF-36], Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale [GAD-7] and Patient Health Questionnaire–9 [PHQ-9]), and edema-specific (Lymphedema Quality of Life [LYMQOL]) quality-of-life questionnaires were used to evaluate impact of edema.The prevalence of edema was 52.1% (25 of 48 participants had edema), potentially linked to obesity, immobility, and medications. Most participants had International Society of Lymphology (ISL) Stage I edema. There were no statistically significant differences between the quality of life of participants with and without edema. However, comparing SF-36 results and normative population data indicated that quality of life was much lower than those in the normative population.Conclusions: This study highlights the high prevalence of edema and low quality of life of this bariatric population. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03154593

Diversity, equity, and inclusion : tackling gross under-representation and recognition among talents in Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry

Diversity, at every step along the scientific path, drives innovative research. Scientific societies, like the Geochemical Society (GS) and the European Association of Geochemistry (EAG), have a significant influence on which innovators are celebrated. Such choices have the consequence of shaping the future of research, and so are responsible for the evolution of our discipline and its relationship to the global community. These professional bodies are uniquely positioned to define and promote the success of all scientists, including those from under-represented groups, through proactive advocacy, inclusive mentorship, awards, and leadership. At present, the only data available to examine the distribution of under-represented groups between memberships, awardees leadership are those of gender. To assess gender diversity in the geochemistry and cosmochemistry community, we thus introspectively review available records of GS and EAG membership through Goldschmidt Conference attendees, awardees, leadership, and editorial boards. This work identifies areas for growth and begins a dialogue about how the society and its members can work together to better reflect and progress our community. Our examination of the record spanning the last decade demonstrates that leadership positions, awards, and honors have continued to be disproportionately given to white men, to the exclusion of women. The GS and EAG have recently taken positive steps towards becoming more inclusive; however, much more work is needed. In order for both communities to become diverse, equitable and inclusive, where all scientists flourish, we offer suggestions for swift steps that the GS and EAG and their members can pursue. The suggested structural improvements will require ongoing analysis and reforms, which must be shared by all of us, to create a sustainable legacy that we can be proud of

You can't climb a broken ladder : examining underrepresentation of multiply-disadvantaged groups in secure and senior roles in UK geochemistry

Geochemistry provides useful research tools related to fundamental processes in Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences. It has a distinct identity among the academic communities in these subjects, yet there is no specific data on workforce diversity among geochemists. We present the first demographic data of UK geochemists from a voluntary anonymous survey. We scrutinise the data with respect to protected characteristics (e.g., age, ethnicity, gender identity, sexual orientation and disability) and seniority of those within the community. We furthermore use this UK data to compare the career progression of geochemists who belong to multiply-privileged identities with those who belong to multiply-disadvantaged identities, to assess their representations with increased seniority on the academic career. This UK based case study on diversity and inclusion suggests that the career paths of geochemists belonging to multiple disadvantaged groups are restricted, including overrepresentation among those on fixed-term contracts or in service roles for laboratory support. Our data highlight that there is a decrease in diversity with an increase in seniority; specifically, UK geochemists from sexual and gender minorities, neurodiverse, and women from ethnic minority groups were not represented among the participants of our survey at the top of the academic ladder. There are many reasons for the loss of diversity in the UK geochemistry community with increased seniority. In order to address this and the underrepresentation of particular groups in senior leadership roles, our findings suggest that the career progression of geochemists requires an intersectional lens to examine the complexity of identity data. Such an approach would enable a better understanding of the impact of multiple and compounded disadvantages, biases, negative experiences and discrimination faced by multiply-disadvantaged identities