Avaliação in vitro da atividade antimicrobiana de dentífricios contendo óleo de orégano e alecrim / In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of denthyrics containing orégano and alecrim oil

 A correta higiene bucal é essencial para a saúde, uma vez que, as patologias bucais constituem um grande problema de saúde pública, por sua alta prevalência e, por sua importância em termos de dor, desconforto e limitações funcionais e sociais que afetam a qualidade de vida, destacando-se a cárie, pois acomete o maior número de pessoas. Aliado a esse contexto, o interesse por produtos contendo substancias naturais como principio ativo vem crescendo cada vez mais na odontologia. Óleo essencial de orégano (Origanumvulgare L.) e alecrim (Rosmarinusofficinalis L.) apresenta potencial atividade antimicrobiana. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver formulação dentifrícia para uso adulto, de uso tópico, acrescida ou não da associação do óleo essencial de orégano e alecrim, bem como, determinar a atividade antibacteriana e farmacotécnica das formulações. Os óleos essenciais usados de forma isolada apresentaram melhores resultados do que quando associados, sendo que os melhores resultados foram obtidos com os dentifrícios contendo 0,5% (p/p) de OEA e 1,5% (p/p) de OEO. Espera-se que este produto possa se tornar uma alternativa eficaz e segura para a saúde bucal

Evolução do perfil didático-pedagógico do professor-engenheiro

Resumo Este trabalho é uma revisão bibliográfica, cujos objetivos são analisar e compreender a evolução do perfil didático-pedagógico do professor-engenheiro no Brasil. Identificou-se que o perfil didático-pedagógico não mudou ao longo da história dos cursos de engenharia. O método de ensino-aprendizagem é caracterizado por práticas tradicionais, que envolvem aulas expositivas e práticas laboratoriais, sendo o aluno avaliado por provas. Analogamente, o parque industrial brasileiro não apresentou mudanças significativas ao longo da história, sendo caracterizado pela reprodução de bens de consumo. Entretanto, o mercado empregador brasileiro impõe uma formação técnico-científica baseada em uma visão ética e humanística, que possibilite entender e desenvolver novas tecnologias, adquirir senso crítico e criativo, além de identificar e resolver problemas e demandas da sociedade. Essas competências profissionais são observadas apenas em países desenvolvidos que possuem uma educação de nível superior globalizada, que prioriza a mobilidade internacional de estudantes, professores e profissionais. Isso significa que as referidas competências são incompatíveis com a realidade brasileira que não pratica inovação tecnológica, centrando-se na reprodução de manufaturados. O governo tem implantado tanto legislações educacionais como programas de auxílio às indústrias com o intuito de atender às demandas do mercado empregador. Entretanto, os resultados foram insatisfatórios devido ao perfil reprodutivo do setor industrial. Contudo, o docente precisa adquirir novos métodos de ensino-aprendizagem, que possibilitem a construção ao invés da reprodução do conhecimento. Objetiva-se melhorar a aprendizagem do aluno, aprimorando sua capacitação profissional, o que resulta em avanço tecnológico, mesmo que seja no âmbito da reprodução de manufaturados

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Molecular Characterization of the Putative Transcription Factor SebA Involved in Virulence in Aspergillus fumigatus

Aspergillus fumigatus is a major opportunistic pathogen and allergen of mammals. Nutrient sensing and acquisition mechanisms, as well as the capability to cope with different stressing conditions, are essential for A. fumigatus virulence and survival in the mammalian host. This study characterized the A. fumigatus SebA transcription factor, which is the putative homologue of the factor encoded by Trichoderma atroviride seb1. The Delta sebA mutant demonstrated reduced growth in the presence of paraquat, hydrogen peroxide, CaCl2, and poor nutritional conditions, while viability associated with sebA was also affected by heat shock exposure. Accordingly, SebA:GFP (SebA:green fluorescent protein) was shown to accumulate in the nucleus upon exposure to oxidative stress and heat shock conditions. In addition, genes involved in either the oxidative stress or heat shock response had reduced transcription in the Delta sebA mutant. The A. fumigatus Delta sebA strain was attenuated in virulence in a murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Furthermore, killing of the Delta sebA mutant by murine alveolar macrophages was increased compared to killing of the wild-type strain. A. fumigatus SebA plays a complex role, contributing to several stress tolerance pathways and growth under poor nutritional conditions, and seems to be integrated into different stress responses.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvi-mento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brazi

Identification of the cell targets important for propolis-induced cell death in Candida albicans

AbstractCandida albicans is the most common fungal pathogen of humans, forming both commensal and opportunistic pathogenic interactions, causing a variety of skin and soft tissue infections in healthy people. In immunocompromised patients C. albicans can result in invasive, systemic infections that are associated with a high incidence of mortality. Propolis is a complex mixture of several resinous substances which are collected from plants by bees. Here, we demonstrated the fungicidal activity of propolis against all three morphogenetic types of C. albicans and that propolis-induced cell death was mediated via metacaspase and Ras signaling. To identify genes that were involved in propolis tolerance, we screened ∼800 C. albicans homozygous deletion mutants for decreased tolerance to propolis. Fifty-one mutant strains were identified as being hypersensitive to propolis including seventeen genes involved in cell adhesion, biofilm formation, filamentous growth, phenotypic switching and pathogenesis (HST7, GIN4, VPS34, HOG1, ISW2, SUV3, MDS3, HDA2, KAR3, YHB1, NUP85, CDC10, MNN9, ACE2, FKH2, and SNF5). We validated these results by showing that propolis inhibited the transition from yeast-like to hyphal growth. Propolis was shown to contain compounds that conferred fluorescent properties to C. albicans cells. Moreover, we have shown that a topical pharmaceutical preparation, based upon propolis, was able to control C. albicans infections in a mouse model for vulvovaginal candidiasis. Our results strongly indicate that propolis could be used as a strategy for controlling candidiasis

Sob o signo neoliberal: as relações internacionais da América Latina

As relações internacionais da América Latina são vistas sob o ângulo da transição da diplomacia do desenvolvimento para a diplomacia neoliberal. Os estudos de relações internacionais, particularmente no Brasil e na Argentina, fundamentam a interpretação do autor sobre benefícios e malogros do paradigma neoliberal, visto como uma opção ideológica. A noção de Estado logístico é sugerida como alternativa estratégica ao Estado normal.<br>In this article, international relations in Latin America are analysed through the viewpoint of the transition from a diplomacy of development to a neoliberal model. Studies in International Relations as a discipline, especially those carried out in Brazil and Argentina, are the basis for the author's interpretation about benefits and failures of the neoliberal paradigm, understood as an ideological option. The author forwards the notion of Logistic State as a strategic alternative to the Normal State

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq