Awareness of sleep hygiene in medical students of Kara-chi: A cross sectional study.

Introduction: Sleep, a neurobiological phenomenon, is very essential component for the behaviours of human beings. Sleep Hygiene is essentially a term which is used to understand lifestyle and environmental factors that influence sleep. A stu-dent when get admission in a university, it’s a turning point in his/her life as previ-ous routine is dramatically altered. This is more so if a student enters a medical college or university. While studying medicine the syllabus, timetables, duties, shifts are all manifold and hence it changes the complete environment and lifestyle of nearly all students. This in turn leads to drastic change in the pattern of sleep hygiene.Objective: This study was conducted to assess the awareness of sleep hygiene among medical students.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March –August 2019. The approval of study sought from Ethical Review committee of Isra University. A self- administered questionnaire used to collect data after student’s verbal consent and ensuring their anonymity. Using convenient sampling technique 467 medical students were studied including those from 1st year to 5th year students. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.Results: Showed that 59.5% of the students have not heard about sleep hygiene, 31.5% have heard it and 9% of them were not sure about it.77% of participants use social media, 72% takes shower and 63% of the students wash their face before going to the bed.Conclusion: We concluded that majority of the medical students are unaware of Sleep Hygiene and a large portion of them uses social media before going to bed.Key Words: Sleep Hygiene, medical students, awareness

Phosphorus Adsorption Capacity of Four Soil Series for P Requirement of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L)

A pot experiment was conducted in order to know the phosphorus requirement of wheat as affected by different levels of phosphorus (P) for obtaining 95% relative yield grown in four soil series i.e. Gishkori, Buzdar, Sultanpur and Tikken of Dera Ismail Khan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The various treatment levels were consisted of 0, 5.5, 11.0, 16.5 and 22.0 mg P/kg of soil. Wheat dry matter yield remained at highest (1.1g) where P was supplemented at 22.0 mg P/kg in Gishkori and lowest (0.95g) in Tikken soil with the same P applied level. An increase in phosphorus concentration was recorded in wheat shoot with an increase in applied P level. Maximum phosphorus percentages recorded in wheat were 0.28 and 0.26 grown in Gishkori and Buzdar soil series followed by Sultanpur and Tikken with values of 0.11 and 0.10 respectively against P applied level of 22.0 mg P/kg soil. Minimum P concentration was noted in control. The phosphorus content of wheat and P levels were highly correlated with r values of 0.99. 0.99. 0.98 and 0.74 for Gishkori, Buzdar, Sultanpur and Tikken soil series respectively

Phosphorus Adsorption Capacity of Four Soil Series for P Requirement of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L)

A pot experiment was conducted in order to know the phosphorus requirement of wheat as affected by different levels of phosphorus (P) for obtaining 95% relative yield grown in four soil series i.e. Gishkori, Buzdar, Sultanpur and Tikken of Dera Ismail Khan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The various treatment levels were consisted of 0, 5.5, 11.0, 16.5 and 22.0 mg P/kg of soil. Wheat dry matter yield remained at highest (1.1g) where P was supplemented at 22.0 mg P/kg in Gishkori and lowest (0.95g) in Tikken soil with the same P applied level. An increase in phosphorus concentration was recorded in wheat shoot with an increase in applied P level. Maximum phosphorus percentages recorded in wheat were 0.28 and 0.26 grown in Gishkori and Buzdar soil series followed by Sultanpur and Tikken with values of 0.11 and 0.10 respectively against P applied level of 22.0 mg P/kg soil. Minimum P concentration was noted in control. The phosphorus content of wheat and P levels were highly correlated with r values of 0.99. 0.99. 0.98 and 0.74 for Gishkori, Buzdar, Sultanpur and Tikken soil series respectively

Azure-Based Multi-Sensor IoT Network for Smart Rice-Nursery Field

Rice farmers rely on nurseries for various reasons, as they play a pivotal role in cultivating high-quality rice crops. These nurseries provide essential seedlings for subsequent transplantation to the paddy fields. The success of rice cultivation hinges on maintaining a robust and thriving nursery, resulting in improved yields and superior grain quality. To enhance nursery management, a novel method proposes real-time monitoring of environmental conditions. A trial study evaluated the system's performance, demonstrating a significant increase in precision and efficiency, leading to higher crop yields and reduced production costs. This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize rice nursery practices, promoting sustainability and effectiveness. The study introduces an Internet of Things (IoT)-based real-time monitoring system implemented in a rural area of Sindh, Pakistan. Utilizing a network of sensors, the system gathers vital environmental data that impacts rice nursery growth. The recorded information is then analyzed on the Azure cloud platform, and data visualization is achieved through Power BI. Additionally, an email notification component alerts farmers and agricultural experts based on the sensor data, facilitating timely actions and informed decision-making

Trypanosomiasis and its Diagnostic Techniques in Camel: a Comprehensive Review

Trypanosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Trypanosoma, poses a significant threat to camel populations worldwide. This study designed for the diagnostic techniques used for detecting Trypanosoma infections specifically in camels. The disease, commonly known as camel trypanosomiasis or surra, adversely impacts the health and productivity of camels, thereby affecting livelihoods dependent on these animals. Various diagnostic methods are employed for the detection of Trypanosoma infection in camels, including microscopic examination of blood smears, serological tests like ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay), and molecular techniques such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Each method has its strengths and limitations in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and practicality in field settings. Efforts to control and manage camel trypanosomiasis rely heavily on accurate and timely diagnosis. Early detection facilitates prompt treatment and prevents the spread of the disease within camel herds. Additionally, the development and optimization of diagnostic tools tailored specifically for camels are crucial for effective disease surveillance and control. This study underscores the importance of ongoing research and innovation in diagnostic methodologies to combat trypanosomiasis in camel populations efficiently