Cavaillon – Les Hauts-Banquets

Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : 7997 Date de l'opération : 2007 (EX) Inventeur(s) : Reynaud Patrick (INRAP) ; Ackx Gilles (INRAP) ; Lisfranc Renaud (INRAP) Le projet d’implantation d’une zone d’activités commerciales, au lieu-dit Les Hauts Banquets situé à 2 km au sud-est du centre de Cavaillon, a entraîné la mise en place d’une campagne de sondages archéologiques qui s’est déroulée du 9 juillet au 17 août 2007. Cette opération concerne une emprise de 24 ha de plaine agricole duran..

Le Puy-Sainte-Réparade – Les Amajons

Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : 8315 Date de l'opération : 2007 (SP) Inventeur(s) : Chapon Philippe (INRAP) ; Reynaud Patrick (INRAP) ; Milland Xavier (INRAP) Cette fouille préventive résulte du diagnostic effectué en février 2007 sur le tracé du pipeline SAGESS au lieu-dit : Arnajons. Sur le tracé initial, un chemin empierré perpendiculaire à l’axe du projet avait été mis en évidence sur environ 7 m de long. Les éléments céramiques découverts avaient permis de dater la structure d..

Unraveling the mysteries of honeybee in the Mascarene Islands

Exam paper for second semester 2017, N.D. Extraction Metallurg

Long Lasting Persistence of Bacillus thuringiensis Subsp. israelensis (Bti) in Mosquito Natural Habitats

Background: The detrimental effects of chemical insecticides on the environment and human health have lead to the call for biological alternatives. Today, one of the most promising solutions is the use of spray formulations based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) in insect control programs. As a result, the amounts of Bti spread in the environment are expected to increase worldwide, whilst the common belief that commercial Bti is easily cleared from the ecosystem has not yet been clearly established. Methodology/Main Findings: In this study, we aimed to determine the nature and origin of the high toxicity toward mosquito larvae found in decaying leaf litter collected in several natural mosquito breeding sites in the Rhône-Alpes region. From the toxic fraction of the leaf litter, we isolated B. cereus-like bacteria that were further characterized as B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis using PCR amplification of specific toxin genes. Immunological analysis of these Bti strains showed that they belong to the H14 group. We finally used amplified length polymorphism (AFLP) markers to show that the strains isolated from the leaf litter were closely related to those present in the commercial insecticide used for field application, and differed from natural worldwide genotypes. Conclusions/Significance: Our results raise the issue of the persistence, potential proliferation and environmental accumulation of human-spread Bti in natural mosquito habitats. Such Bti environmental persistence may lengthen th