USE OF BIOSOLIDS AS FROTH REAGENT IN FLOTATION PROCESS: CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION

Indexación: Web of Science; ScieloRESUMEN: La flotación espumosa usa diversos reactivos, orgánicos e inorgánicos, para aumentar el rendimiento y selectividad del proceso. La flotación utiliza sustancias tensoactivas que se adsorben en la interfase aire/agua. Como potenciales sustitutos de los espumantes usados actualmente, se consideran los residuos orgánicos de origen animal, como los biosólidos. Este estudio, evalúa el uso de biosólidos y ácidos húmicos como agentes espumantes para flotación espumosa, cuantificándose su capacidad tensoactiva y para formar y estabilizar espumas. Biosólidos son capaces de cambiar la tensión superficial de una solución, crear y estabilizar espumas. Dosis menores a 4 g L-1 muestran un afecto tensoactivo mayor comparado con reactivos espumantes, tipo MIBC. Para un uso efectivo de biosólidos, se requiere realizar una etapa de preacondicionamiento, que permita separar la fracción soluble y coloidal que tiene la capacidad tensoactiva. El uso de biosólidos a gran escala necesita investigación adicional para escalar los resultados obtenidos en laboratorio.ABSTRACT: Froth flotation uses various organic and inorganic reagents to increase performance and selectivity of the flotation process. Froth flotation takes place mediated by tensioactive substances that are adsorbed on the air/water interface. Potential substitutes for the currently used frothers, organic wastes of animal origin, like biosolids are found. This study was to evaluate biosolids and humic acids as foaming agents in froth flotation by quantification of their tensioactive capabilities, foam-forming potential and foam stability. Biosolids was able to change the surface tension of a solution, creating and stabilizing foams. Dosages under 4 g L-1 of flotation reagents showed a better tensioactive effect using biosolids instead of conventional flotation reagents, type MIBC. For an effective use of these substances as frothers, it is recommended to consider a preconditioning stage. That stage will permit separating soluble and colloidal fractions that show a tensioactive effect. Further research will be needed in order to scale-up current laboratory assays to operational mining scales.http://ref.scielo.org/y9j24

Relación entre funcionalidad familiar y agresividad en estudiantes de cuarto grado de primaria de la I. E. 21004 de la provincia de Canta, 2013

Se tuvo como objetivo relacionar la funcionalidad familiar y agresividad en estudiantes de cuarto grado de primaria de la I. E 21004 de la provincia de Canta. El diseño que se empleo fue no experimental de tipo básico – correlacional. Se utilizó una muestra censal de 30 estudiantes. Los instrumentos de evaluación fueron el cuestionario de BussDurkee para funcionalidad familiar y Face III de Olson para agresividad. Para ver la confiabilidad se aplicó la técnica de alfa de Cronbach, dando como resultado una alta confiabilidad para la variable funcionalidad familiar 0.883 y 0.801 para agresividad. Así mismo para analizar la validez de contenido se tomó el criterio de jueces; obteniéndose confiabilidad y validez satisfactorio para ambos instrumentos. Los resultados indican la existencia de una relación inversa y significativa entre las variables funcionalidad familiar y agresividad, obteniéndose la significancia bilateral de p = 000 < 0.01 rechazándose así la hipótesis nula y afirmándose nuestra hipótesis general con un valor de rho= -0,790. Así mismo la correlación entre adaptabilidad familiar y agresividad de los estudiantes obtuvo un valor de rho = -0,749, rechazándose la hipótesis nula, aceptando la específica, demostrándose la relación inversa y significativa igual en la correlación entre cohesión familiar y agresividad de los estudiantes reveló un valor de rho = -0,697 y la correlación entre comunicación familiar y agresividad se valora en rho = - 0,874, en ambos casos se rechaza las hipótesis nula y afirma las específicas, mostrando la relación inversa y significativa entre ellas. Se concluye que a mayor funcionalidad menor agresividad

Tobacco cessation among smokers under substance use treatment for alcohol and/or cannabis: study protocol and pilot study

Background: Approximately 80% of people with a substance use disorder (SUD) are smokers. Starting SUD treatment offers the opportunity to also quit smoking. The ACT-ATAC project aims to identify the predictors associated with smoking cessation among persons treated for alcohol and/or cannabis use disorder in Barcelona. This manuscript reports its methodology and the experience of carrying it out during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Mixed methods project with three substudies. Substudy 1 (S1) comprises heterogeneous discussion groups among clinicians. S2 has two prospective cohorts composed of smokers under treatment for alcohol and/or cannabis use disorder and the clinicians in charge of these patients. Participating smokers will be followed for 12 months and interviewed about their substance use and the tobacco cessation services received using the Spanish version of the users' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Services (S-KAS) scale. The clinicians will be asked about their self-reported practices in smoking cessation using the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (S-KAP) scale. S3 comprises heterogeneous discussion groups with smokers. Data will be triangulated using qualitative and quantitative analyses. To facilitate the recruitment process, the researchers have introduced several strategies (design clear protocols, set monthly online meetings, extend the project, provide gift cards, etc.). Discussion: The results of S1 were used to develop the questionnaires. S2 required some adjustments due to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the follow-up interviews being conducted by phone instead of face-to-face, and the recruitment rhythm was lower than expected. Recruitment will last until reaching at least 200-250 users. The fieldwork could not have been possible without the collaboration of the ACT-ATAC team and the introduction of several strategies

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P &lt; 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Cultivation theory and stereotypes of Latinidad in “Desperate Housewives”

In contemporary society, individuals may be influenced by television, and the viewing audience may often picture the real world like the one portrayed on television. There is concern for the effects television images may have on society. One important effect of television is the cultivation effect. Cultivation theory refers to the long-term, repeated exposure to television that may shape people’s perception of the world. This study examines the rhetorical construction of Latina/os in the television series Desperate Housewives created by Marc Cherry for ABC Studios. The research investigates portrayals of stereotypes in the drama series, and consequently, it should help create an understanding of how these portrayals affect viewers’ social reality. Generative criticism is used to describe the commonalties the images share with extant research on stereotypes, which include: harlot, the hot Latina, cantina girl, vamp, and Latin lover and the concept of machismo. I also analyze representations of Latinidad which include signifiers such as: bright colors, food, spicy food, celebrations, rhythmic music, religion, religious symbols, and language. The study focuses on the analysis of seasons one through three of Desperate Housewives, specifically looking at the actions, attitudes, and dialogue of the dominant Latina/o characters Gabrielle, a housewife character within the show, and Carlos Solis

Proving them wrong: academically resilient first-generation Latinas in college

This study examined the educational trajectories of academically resilient first-generation Latinas in college. More specifically, the study focused on the factors that led them to become academically successful. The researcher of this study conducted a narrative inquiry analysis of the K-16 educational trajectories of five academically resilient college students, which served as counter-narratives to the existing deficit laden research regarding Latina students within the American educational system. The study was guided by the following research questions: 1) What experiences contribute to the development of academic resiliency in first-generation Latinas? 2) What factors do academically resilient first-generation Latinas attribute their educational success? 3) What do the experiences that contributed to the academic resiliency of first-generation Latinas suggest for educational practice and policy? The data collection tactics applied in this qualitative analysis were: written autobiographical narratives of each of the five participants’ educational trajectories, in-depth interviews, and a focus group interview with all five of the participants. Latino Critical Race Theory (LatCrit) (Delgado Bernal, 2002) was used as the theoretical framework to analyze the race, gender and social barriers the participants encountered, while the Community Cultural Wealth Model (Yosso, 2005) in conjunction with the Academic Resilience Model (Morales, 2008; Gayles, 2005; Cammarota, 2004; Solorzano & Delgado Bernal, 2001; Valenzuela, 1993; Yosso, 2002) provided a theoretical approach to understand the supportive factors and mechanisms that the five students possessed and/or interfaced with, throughout their educational careers, that enabled their academic success. The major findings of this study are that first-generation, academically resilient Latinas enhance their resiliency by the presence of various factors. For the most part their academic resiliency was increased by the presence of, and interaction with, the protective factors. Protective factors are the inherent strengths that the student possesses that allow her to mitigate the risk factors that may be present in her life These protective factors were comprised of dispositional, familial and environmental factors. This included unwavering familial support, the intrinsic motivation to succeed, and ongoing support from teachers, administrators and peer networks.Ed. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Rosanna A. Reye