23 research outputs found
Designing a Novel Two-Tier Authentication Algorithm for Web Service Architecture
Web pages are secured by one-tier security constraints based on username and password. This one-tier security module is the only way to protect the web pages from hackers. However, the one-tier security constraints on web service architecture have several flaws. It can be hacked from outside without notifying the authorised user. Further, hackers can easily obtain the username and password, which is entered on the web pages to login for further actions. When the system is connected to the internet, the system can be hacked to get the username and password that can be done by monitoring user’s keystroke from a remote location. Considering the credentials of one-tier security constraints are being hacked, this paper analyses these flaws and modelled two-tier security constraints to secure the web service. In the proposed architecture pattern, recognition mechanism is used to authenticate the user. The pattern recognition architecture displays at dynamic locations for each refresh of the web page, which prevents the proposed twotier architecture from being hacked as well as guessing attack
Dynamics of Entanglement and Bell-nonlocality for Two Stochastic Qubits with Dipole-Dipole Interaction
We have studied the analytical dynamics of Bell nonlocality as measured by
CHSH inequality and entanglement as measured by concurrence for two noisy
qubits that have dipole-dipole interaction. The nonlocal entanglement created
by the dipole-dipole interaction is found to be protected from sudden death for
certain initial states
Entanglement dynamics of two qubits under the influence of external kicks and Gaussian pulses
We have investigated the dynamics of entanglement between two spin-1/2 qubits
that are subject to independent kick and Gaussian pulse type external magnetic
fields analytically as well as numerically. Dyson time ordering effect on the
dynamics is found to be important for the sequence of kicks. We show that
"almost-steady" high entanglement can be created between two initially
unentangled qubits by using carefully designed kick or pulse sequences
Control and manipulation of entanglement between two coupled qubits by fast pulses
We have investigated the analytical and numerical dynamics of entanglement
for two qubits that interact with each other via Heisenberg XXX-type
interaction and subject to local time-specific external kick and Gaussian
pulse-type magnetic fields in x-y plane. The qubits have been assumed to be
initially prepared in different pure separable and maximally entangled states
and the effect of the strength and the direction of external fast pulses on
concurrence has been investigated. The carefully designed kick or pulse
sequences are found to enable one to obtain constant long-lasting entanglement
with desired magnitude. Moreover, the time ordering effects are found to be
important in the creation and manipulation of entanglement by external fields.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure
The frequency of microscopic and focal active colitis in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional bowel disorder. The frequency of microscopic colitis and focal active colitis in the colonic mucosa has been investigated in IBS patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Between June 2007 and September 2010, 378 patients (between 16 and 84 years) were recruited prospectively. Of these 378 patients, 226 patients were diagnosed with IBS using the Rome III criteria. 152 control patients were also enrolled who were undergoing colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening or investigation of anemia. Histopathological abnormalities identified during colonoscopy were compared between the IBS and control groups.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The average age of the IBS group was 46.13 ± 14.16 years and and the average age of the control group was 57.01 ± 13.07 years. The prevalence of microscopic colitis (MC) in the diarrhea predominant and the mixed subgroup of IBS patients was 4.32% (7/162) whereas in all IBS patients, the prevalence was 3.09% (7/226). MC was not found in the 152 control cases, (p = 0.045). Lymphocytic colitis was seen in 7 IBS patients, with 1 case in the mixed group and 6 cases in the diarrhea group and there was a significant difference in the frequency of lymphocytic colitis between the IBS subgroups (p < 0.01). Focal active colitis was found in 6.6% (15/226) of the IBS patients and in none of the controls (p < 0.01), and there was no differences between IBS subtypes.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Microscopic colitis was more often found in the diarrhea predominant/mixed subgroups of IBS patients and in patients who were older women. In patients who are older woman with non-constipated IBS, it may be reasonable to perform a biopsy to screen for microscopic colitis. Focal active colitis was significantly increased in patients with IBS compared to controls.</p