The Role of Cooperative in The Milk Value Chain in West Bandung Regency, West Java Province

The objective of the study was to evaluate the capacity of Northern Bandung Dairy Farmer Cooperative (KPSBU) to support farmers in producing good quality milk within the milk value chain in West Bandung Regency, West Java. The study used qualitative research strategies including desk study, case study, and focus group discussions. The study compared the involvement of three milk collecting actors that were classified into large cooperative (KPSBU), small cooperative (KUD Puspa Mekar), and private company (Bina Kitri Bersama). A total of 18 dairy farmers, 3 milk collecting actors, 2 milk processors, and one livestock officer were interviewed. Three focus group discussions were conducted. The large cooperative performed better in services, milk collection, and milk quality assessment compared to other milk collecting actors. Members’ commitment, inconsistent milk quality, and shortage of good quality fodder were the hindering factors that influenced the collection of good quality milk in the large cooperative. In conclusion, the large cooperative had better performance in service provision, it also had better infrastructures in milk collection and milk quality assessment compared to other milk collecting actors. Increasing the milk quality standard by milk processing companies affected the milk price since 2000.

Task-shifting of HIV/AIDS services down the professional ladder: Current status in Ethiopia and lessons from other African countries

This review tried to bring to light success stories and challenges of other African countries on the same topic as lesson for current endeavors in Ethiopia where the process of implementation of task shifting is in its early stage. It concluded that task shifting can help improve access, coverage and quality of HIV/AIDS related services only if other human resource, financial, health care quality issues and the need for ongoing evaluation and research are addressed

MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MACROMEDIA FLASH 8 PADA KONSEP FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LAJU REAKSI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui menghasilkan media pembelajaran berbasis macromedia flash 8 pada konsep factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi laju reaksi yang valid berdasarkan para ahli dan mengetahui respon peserta didik berdasarkan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian dan pengembangan (Research & Development) dengan model pengembangan Borg & Gall. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, validasi ahli, dan angket respon peserta didik. Validasi materi terdiri dari 2 orang dan validasi media 1 orang. Subjek penelitian yaitu 6 orang peserta didik pada uji coba skala kecil dan 30 orang peserta didik pada skala menengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan valid dengan hasil validasi ahli materi 1 dengan rerata skor 5 kriteria sangat baik, ahli materi 2 dengan rerata skor 4,84 kriteria sangat baik, dan hasil validasi dari ahli media dengan rerata skor 4,53 kriteria sangat baik. Hasil angket respon peserta didik terhadap media yang dikembangkan menunjukan respon positif dengan hasil presentase pada skala kecil sebesar 87,08% dengan kriteria sangat setuju dan hasil presentase skala menengah sebesar 89,5% dengan kriteria sangat setuju

Formulasi Padat Rhizobakteria Indigenus Bacillus Thuringiensis Ts2 Dan Waktu Penyimpanan Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Pustul Bakteri Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Glycines

Solid formulations of indigenous rhizobacteria Bacillus thuringiensis TS2 and storage time to control bacterial pustule disease Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. Bacterial pustule disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Glycines is a major constraint in soybean cultivation. Indigenous rhizobacteria Bacillus thuringiensis TS2 from soybean rhizosphere acquired from previous research is the best isolate which can control soybean bacterial pustule disease and increase growth rate of soybean. To increased its stability and interaction with soybean plants, Bacillus thuringiensis TS2 was urged to test furthermore especially its formulation with based formula tapioca powder, peat and bulk. The most effective storage time also need to test. Result showed that all rhizobacterial formula had ability to decrease incidence of bacterial pustule disease compared to control. Moreover, all the three formula could increase plant growth, total of leaves, total of branch and yields. Flowering time was also advanced by 1-8 days compared to control. Decreasing of disease rate and increasing of plant growth rate variated between different formulations

Estimasi Parameter Genetik Sifat Pertumbuhan Kambing Boer di PT. Gombek Boer Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui estimasi heritabilitas kambing Boer di PT Gombek Boer Indonesia. Materi yang digunakan adalah 8 kambing jantan dan 37 betina. Metode penelitian menggunakan survei dan pencatatan data. Data yang diambil berupa data sekunder yaitu data recording Kambing Boer meliputi data bobot lahir dan bobot sapih. Data tersebut dikoreksi menurut jenis kelamin dan jenis kelahiran yang kemudian digunakan untuk menghitung heritabilitas. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa nilai heritabilitas untuk bobot lahir dan bobot sapih pada Kambing Boer berturut-turut adalah 0,38 ± 0,15 dan 0,26 ± 0,16. Nilai heritabilitas yang diperoleh dikategorikan tinggi untuk bobot lahir dan sedang untuk bobot sapih. Hasil perhitungan nilai heritabilitas yang masuk dalam kategori sedang dan tinggi dapat digunakan untuk melakukan program seleksi

Pendekatan Model Fungsi Transfer Multi Input Untuk Analisis Hubungan Antara Luas Panen Dan Luas Tambah Tanam Dengan Produksi Bawang Merah Di Jawa Tengah

Onion is one of holticulture commoditie which is consumed by many Indonesians with Central Java as its largest producer. The consumer\u27s need of onion keeps raising but, unfortunately, its number in the marketplace is limited. The onion supply depend on onion\u27s production which is affected by some factors, such as the land condition from the beginning when cultivation is started until the harvesting come such as area of harvesting and area of additional cultivation. So that onion\u27s production modeling which influenced by significant factores is needed to predict the crops volume in the future. Data which is used to production modeling are data of onion\u27s production in Jawa Tengah, these data is written by Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Jawa Tengah in everymonth. This research use multiple input transfer function model, which is an integration of ARIMA and regression model. This reseach aimed at modelling output series of onion production using two input series, i.e. area of harvesting and area of additional cultivation, from January 2004 to November 2014. The result showed that there is a significant correlation between area of harvesting and onion production, starting from lag t=0 during two periods, as well as area of additional cultivation toward the production from lag t=0. This multiple input transfer function method resulted in AIC valued at 3088.484

Penapisan Isolat Rizobakteri Dari Perakaran Tanaman Kedelai Yang Sehat Untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Pustul Bakteri (Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Glycines)

Screening of indigenous rhizobacteria from healthy soybean root to control bacterial pustule (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines) using in planta technique. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are a group of bacteria that actively colonize plant roots, increase plant growth and control plant pathogens. The aim of this study was to obtain rhizobacteri isolates which have the ability to control bacterial pustule and increase growth and yield of soybean. This method based on in planta selection of enhanced competitive soil root-colonizing bacteria from soil samples of healthy soybean root at endemic area of bacterial pustule in Darmasraya District and Sijunjung District, West Sumatera. We characterized only the best rhizobacteri isolates which have ability to control bacterial pustule and to increase growth and yield of soybean. This type of characterization has possibility to find new, easy and cheap biocontrol organisms. Ten Rhizobacteri isolates were introduced via seed treatment (108 cfu/ml) and soil drench to 3 week old soybean seedling. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines were inoculated to one month old of soybean seedling. The effect of rhizobacteria on disease incidence, disease severity, plant growth and yield of soybean were evaluated. We have found that two selected rhizobacteri isolates from soybean (P12Rz2.1 and P14Rz1.1) were the best isolates in promoting growth and the of the soybean plants with the effectiveness 20.62 % and 20.47 %

Analisis Perbedaan Tingkat Suku Bunga pada Perhitungan Jaminan Hari Tua (JHT)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the difference in interest rates on the calculation of pension funding. The interest rate varies grouped based on the rules set by the fuzzy numbers trapezoidal membership function. The results showed that the trapezoidal membership function and value of tolerance 0.02 earned four interest rate is 3.76%, 5.76%, 11.83% and 13.83%. The lower the interest rate, the lower the pension contribution paid, as well as actuarial liabilities, and conversely, the greater the interest rate, old age insurance contributions and actuarial liabilities is getting smaller