Dynamic Duopoly with Inattentive Firms

This paper analyzes an infinite horizon dynamic duopoly with stochastic demand in which firms face costs of absorbing and processing information. Our main result is that the structure of dates at which firms choose to absorb information differ starkly between price and quantity competition. Firms synchronize their actions under price competition whereas they plan sequentially and in an alternating manner under quantity competition. The reason is that under quantity competition the planning firm reduces the uncertainty in the residual demand curve of the inattentive firm which renders planning less attractive for that firm. The opposite holds true under price competition.Inattentiveness, Price Competition, Quantity Competition, Synchronization

The Choice of Prices vs. Quantities under Uncertainty

If duopolistic firms can choose their strategy variable, uncertainty about demand conditions and the degree of substitutability have countervailing effects on variable choice. High uncertainty favors prices, while close substitutability favors quantities. For intermediate values, a hybrid equilibrium exists.Competition, Strategy Variables, Demand Uncertainty

The Choice of Prices vs. Quantities under Uncertainty

This paper analyzes a duopoly model with stochastic demand in which firms first choose their strategy variable and compete afterwards. Contrary to the existing literature, we show that firms do not always choose a quantity which is the variable that induces a smaller degree of competition. The reason is that demand uncertainty and the degree of substitutability have countervailing effects on variable choice. Higher uncertainty favors prices, while closer substitutability favors quantities. Moreover, for intermediate values firms choose different strategy variables in equilibrium.competition; strategy variables; demand uncertainty

Dynamic Duopoly with Inattentive Firms

This paper analyzes an infinite horizon dynamic duopoly with stochastic demand in which firms face costs of absorbing and processing information. Our main result is that the structure of dates at which firms choose to absorb information differ starkly between price and quantity competition. Firms synchronize their actions under price competition whereas they plan sequentially and in an alternating manner under quantity competition. The reason is that under quantity competition the planning firm reduces the uncertainty in the residual demand curve of the inattentive firm which renders planning less attractive for that firm. The opposite holds true under price competition

EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ELAPHOSTRONGYLUS ALCES IN SWEDISH MOOSE

A total of 961 harvested and 241 unharvested moose (Alces alces) carcasses and parts from throughout Sweden were examined for Elaphostrongylus alces from 1985 to 1989. When available, the central nervous system and skeletal muscles were searched for adult nematodes, and lungs and feces were examined for first-stage larvae. The parasite was distributed throughout Sweden with highest prevalence (56%) in the central region and lowest in the south (13%). Prevalence was highest in calves and old moose (>9 years) and lowest in middle-aged animals (5–9 years), with no statistical difference between sexes, although prevalence trended higher in young males. Body condition and abundance of Elaphostrongylus alces were negatively correlated, and condition was poorer in unharvested than harvested moose. A short (39–73 days) prepatent period was documented, and calves as young as 1.5 months were infected. These results indicate the importance of continued surveillance of Elaphostrongylus alces, particularly because a warming climate will likely increase abundance of intermediate mollusk hosts and possibly cause increased infection of moose

hUBC9 associates with MEKK1 and type I TNF-α receptor and stimulates NFκB activity

AbstracthUBC9, an E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, was identified by yeast two-hybrid screening and coprecipitation studies to interact with MEKK1 and the type I TNF-α receptor, respectively. Because both of these proteins regulate NFκB activity, the role of hUBC9 in modulating NFκB activity was investigated. Overexpression of hUBC9 in HeLa cells stimulated the activity of NFκB as determined by NFκB reporter and IL-6 secretion assays. hUBC9 also synergized with MEKK1 to activate NFκB reporter activity. Thus, hUBC9 modulates NFκB activity which, at least in part, can be attributed to its interaction with MEKK1 and the type I TNF-α receptor

EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ELAPHOSTRONGYLUS ALCES IN SWEDISH MOOSE

A total of 961 harvested and 241 unharvested moose (Alces alces) carcasses and parts from throughout Sweden were examined for Elaphostrongylus alces from 1985 to 1989. When available, the central nervous system and skeletal muscles were searched for adult nematodes, and lungs and feces were examined for first-stage larvae. The parasite was distributed throughout Sweden with highest prevalence (56%) in the central region and lowest in the south (13%). Prevalence was highest in calves and old moose (>9 years) and lowest in middle-aged animals (5–9 years), with no statistical difference between sexes, although prevalence trended higher in young males. Body condition and abundance of Elaphostrongylus alces were negatively correlated, and condition was poorer in unharvested than harvested moose. A short (39–73 days) prepatent period was documented, and calves as young as 1.5 months were infected. These results indicate the importance of continued surveillance of Elaphostrongylus alces, particularly because a warming climate will likely increase abundance of intermediate mollusk hosts and possibly cause increased infection of moose

EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ELAPHOSTRONGYLUS ALCES IN SWEDISH MOOSE

A total of 961 harvested and 241 unharvested moose (Alces alces) carcasses and parts from throughout Sweden were examined for Elaphostrongylus alces from 1985 to 1989. When available, the central nervous system and skeletal muscles were searched for adult nematodes, and lungs and feces were examined for first-stage larvae. The parasite was distributed throughout Sweden with highest prevalence (56%) in the central region and lowest in the south (13%). Prevalence was highest in calves and old moose (>9 years) and lowest in middle-aged animals (5–9 years), with no statistical difference between sexes, although prevalence trended higher in young males. Body condition and abundance of Elaphostrongylus alces were negatively correlated, and condition was poorer in unharvested than harvested moose. A short (39–73 days) prepatent period was documented, and calves as young as 1.5 months were infected. These results indicate the importance of continued surveillance of Elaphostrongylus alces, particularly because a warming climate will likely increase abundance of intermediate mollusk hosts and possibly cause increased infection of moose