Occurrence of three-rooted permanent mandibular molar and its possible link with archaic human - an overview

Occurrence of 3-rooted mandibular molar varies from one geographical and ethnic group to other. Its prevalence is very high in Asian and Asian-derived populations, particularly Aleuts and Eskimos. The recently revealed individual from Xiahe, China—recognized as Denisovan shows a 3-rooted lower permanent molar, giving a direct morphological link between archaic and recent Asian Homo sapiens population. This area of study is useful in archaeology, palaeontology, physical anthropology and forensic pathology/ dentistry. Its application is also important in clinical dentistry

Enhancing Chemotherapy Response with Bmi-1 Silencing in Ovarian Cancer

Undoubtedly ovarian cancer is a vexing, incurable disease for patients with recurrent cancer and therapeutic options are limited. Although the polycomb group gene, Bmi-1 that regulates the self-renewal of normal stem and progenitor cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many human malignancies, yet a role for Bmi-1 in influencing chemotherapy response has not been addressed before. Here we demonstrate that silencing Bmi-1 reduces intracellular GSH levels and thereby sensitizes chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin. By exacerbating ROS production in response to cisplatin, Bmi-1 silencing activates the DNA damage response pathway, caspases and cleaves PARP resulting in the induction apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. In an in vivo orthotopic mouse model of chemoresistant ovarian cancer, knockdown of Bmi-1 by nanoliposomal delivery significantly inhibits tumor growth. While cisplatin monotherapy was inactive, combination of Bmi-1 silencing along with cisplatin almost completely abrogated ovarian tumor growth. Collectively these findings establish Bmi-1 as an important new target for therapy in chemoresistant ovarian cancer

Occurrence of three-rooted permanent mandibular molar and its possible link with archaic human - an overview

Occurrence of 3-rooted mandibular molar varies from one geographical and ethnic group to other. Its prevalence is very high in Asian and Asian-derived populations, particularly Aleuts and Eskimos. The recently revealed individual from Xiahe, China—recognized as Denisovan shows a 3-rooted lower permanent molar, giving a direct morphological link between archaic and recent Asian Homo sapiens population. This area of study is useful in archaeology, palaeontology, physical anthropology and forensic pathology/ dentistry. Its application is also important in clinical dentistry