Enseignement pluriel et assurance qualité ? Réflexions à propos des innovations éducatives à l’exemple de l’intercompréhension en Sarre

Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert die Entwicklung sprachenvernetzenden Unterrichtens im Bereich des interkomprehensionsbasierten Mehrsprachenlehrens und -lernens am Beispiel des Saarlandes. Anhand eines zusammenfassenden Blicks auf Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen von mehr als zehn Jahren theoretischer und praktischer Forschung wird die enge Verbindung zwischen Forschung, praktischer Umsetzung und konzeptioneller und theoretischer Entwicklung beleuchtet – Faktoren, die sich in einem integralen Prozess gegenseitig verstärken. Anschließend richten wir unseren Blick auf die Frage, inwieweit die an der Universität des Saarlandes entwickelten Aktivitäten als Beitrag zur Entwicklung der Qualitätssicherung der sprachlichen Bildung im Saarland angesehen werden können.This article outlines the development of multilingual education in the field of intercomprehension-based teaching and learning, with a spotlight on Saarland. After a summarizing look at the results and experiences of more than ten years of theoretical and practical research, the close connection between research, practical implementation, and conceptual and theoretical development is highlighted – factors that reinforce each other in an integral process. We then turn our attention to the question of the extent to which the activities developed at Saarland University can be seen as a contribution to the development of quality assurance in language education in Saarland

Frontières linguistiques et communautés de travail

L’analyse concerne différents types de limites et frontières au sein d’une grande entreprise automobile située près de la frontière franco-allemande en Moselle (France). Filiale d’un grand groupe allemand, dirigée par un Allemand, mais employant une majorité de Français et une minorité d’Allemands, cette entreprise est un lieu original de brouillage des frontières. Les distinctions liées aux groupes sociaux, à l’organisation du travail et à des cultures d’entreprises, tendent à se superposer de manière subtile et à moduler les effets de frontières nationales et linguistiques. Toutefois, les évolutions de la production, du recrutement des salariés et la mise en place de nouveaux partenariats industriels sont susceptibles d’activer ces frontières apparemment routinisées et fonctionnelles. L’article présente les questionnements théoriques, la méthodologie et les premiers enseignements de la pré-enquête.This paper focuses on a plant in the automotive industry located in the Moselle department (France) close to the French-German border, which is an organisation encompassing several types of limits and borders. As the employees are mainly of French nationality but also, to a lesser extent, of German nationality , and the managing director is German, the company is a place where the national, social and linguistic borders meet and combine to form new structures. The authors aim at identifying the respective roles of these types of borders within the company, especially in terms of the eventual superposition of the limits between high-skilled employees vs. workers, German-speaking vs. French-speaking, as well as German vs. French nationals. The representation of these limits will be put in the territorial perspective of the factory environment through the places from where the employees originate

Caldendrin–Jacob: A Protein Liaison That Couples NMDA Receptor Signalling to the Nucleus

NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors and calcium can exert multiple and very divergent effects within neuronal cells, thereby impacting opposing occurrences such as synaptic plasticity and neuronal degeneration. The neuronal Ca2+ sensor Caldendrin is a postsynaptic density component with high similarity to calmodulin. Jacob, a recently identified Caldendrin binding partner, is a novel protein abundantly expressed in limbic brain and cerebral cortex. Strictly depending upon activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors, Jacob is recruited to neuronal nuclei, resulting in a rapid stripping of synaptic contacts and in a drastically altered morphology of the dendritic tree. Jacob's nuclear trafficking from distal dendrites crucially requires the classical Importin pathway. Caldendrin binds to Jacob's nuclear localization signal in a Ca2+-dependent manner, thereby controlling Jacob's extranuclear localization by competing with the binding of Importin-α to Jacob's nuclear localization signal. This competition requires sustained synapto-dendritic Ca2+ levels, which presumably cannot be achieved by activation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors, but are confined to Ca2+ microdomains such as postsynaptic spines. Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors, as opposed to their synaptic counterparts, trigger the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) shut-off pathway, and cell death. We found that nuclear knockdown of Jacob prevents CREB shut-off after extrasynaptic NMDA receptor activation, whereas its nuclear overexpression induces CREB shut-off without NMDA receptor stimulation. Importantly, nuclear knockdown of Jacob attenuates NMDA-induced loss of synaptic contacts, and neuronal degeneration. This defines a novel mechanism of synapse-to-nucleus communication via a synaptic Ca2+-sensor protein, which links the activity of NMDA receptors to nuclear signalling events involved in modelling synapto-dendritic input and NMDA receptor–induced cellular degeneration

Langue maternelle, langue de scolarité, langues vivantes : Comment articuler les différentes langues de l’élève

International audienc

Langue maternelle, langue de scolarité, langues vivantes : Comment articuler les différentes langues de l’élève

International audienc