Bunk8s: Enabling Easy Integration Testing of Microservices in Kubernetes

Microservice architecture is the common choice for cloud applications these days since each individual microservice can be independently modified, replaced, and scaled. However, the complexity of microservice applications requires automated testing with a focus on the interactions between the services. While this is achievable with end-to-end tests, they are error-prone, brittle, expensive to write, time-consuming to run, and require the entire application to be deployed. Integration tests are an alternative to end-to-end tests since they have a smaller test scope and require the deployment of a significantly fewer number of services. The de-facto standard for deploying microservice applications in the cloud is containers with Kubernetes being the most widely used container orchestration platform. To support the integration testing of microservices in Kubernetes, several tools such as Octopus, Istio, and Jenkins exist. However, each of these tools either lack crucial functionality or lead to a substantial increase in the complexity and growth of the tool landscape when introduced into a project. To this end, we present \emph{Bunk8s}, a tool for integration testing of microservice applications in Kubernetes that overcomes the limitations of these existing tools. \emph{Bunk8s} is independent of the test framework used for writing integration tests, independent of the used CI/CD infrastructure, and supports test result publishing. A video demonstrating the functioning of our tool is available from \url{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e8wbS25O4Bo}.Comment: 29th IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER

Dichloro-[1-(hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylethylenediamine]platinum(II) complexes: testing on the human ovarian cancer cell lines NIH: OVCAR3 and SK OV 3

The diastereoisomeric dichloro-[1-(2-, 3- and 4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylethylenediamine]platinum(II) complexes were tested on two human ovarian cancer cell lines NIH: OVCAR-3 and SK-OV-3, both resistant against cisplatin. Dichloro-[threo-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylethylenediamine]platinum(II) (threo-5-PtCl2) proved to be the most active representative of the new series, producing cytocidal effects at a concentration range of 2.5 to 5.0 microM on the NIH: OVCAR-3 cell line. On the more resistant SK-OV-3 cell line, threo-5-PtCl2 was only moderately active, while in combination with BSO, a GSH level lowering compound, threo-5-PtCl2 showed a strong synergistic effect

[1,2-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]dichloroplatinum(II), a new compound for the therapy of ovarian cancer. II. Synthesis and preliminary testing of the enantiomeric complexes

The enantiomeric [1,2-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-ethylenediamine]dichloroplatinum(II) complexes were synthesized and their configuration assessed. A preliminary test in the cisplatin-resistant human NIH:OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line, which was previously characterized by its sensitivity against several therapeutically used drugs, showed that both enantiomers produce cytocidal effects in a concentration of 2.5 microM. A difference between the enantiomers became evident from the faster onset of cytocidal activity of the S,S-configurated compound

[1,2-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]dichloroplatinum(II), a new compound for the therapy of ovarian cancer. III. Detailed evaluation of the antitumor activity of the enantiomeric complexes on the human NIH:OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line

The stereoisomeric [1,2-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]dichloroplatinum(II) complexes were thoroughly tested on the cisplatin-resistant human NIH:OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line. The racemate and its enantiomers produced cytocidal effects at a concentration of 2.5 microM (incubation time 256 h). The meso form, however, was merely cytostatically active. Differences between the enantiomers became evident after a short drug incubation time (1 h) followed by an incubation in drug-free medium (243 h). The S,S-configurated enantiomer (-)-3-PtCl2 proved to be the most active compound. To achieve cytocidal effects concentrations of 2.5-5.0 microM and incubation times of about 3 h were necessary for (-)-3-PtCl2. This compound is also sufficiently stable under test conditions as shown by the preincubation in cell-free medium for 3 h. These results and the augmentation of its antitumor activity by buthionine sulfoximine recommend the further preclinical development of (-)-3-PtCl2 for clinical use