105 research outputs found

    Crowding out or crowding in? Public and private transfers in Germany.

    Get PDF
    Intergenerational support regains attention in course of population aging. This paper focuses on the relationship between private and public financial transfers to and from the elderly. Based on German data we find that the giving of private transfers is influenced by public transfers. The close link between public transfers to the elderly and the financial support they give to others represents an inefficient backflow of pay-as-you-go financed pensions to the young generation. This mechanism can be interpreted as a private compensation device for the generations. We can also show that at the same time the receipt of public transfers by the elderly crowd-out private financial support they would have received otherwise in the German welfare state.

    Crowding out or crowding in?

    Get PDF
    Intergenerational support regains attention in course of population aging. This paper focuses on the relationship between private and public financial transfers to and from the elderly. Based on German data we find that the giving of private transfers is influenced by public transfers. The close link between public transfers to the elderly and the financial support they give to others represents an inefficient backflow of pay-as-you-go financed pensions to the young generation. This mechanism can be interpreted as a private compensation device for the generations. We can also show that at the same time the receipt of public transfers by the elderly crowd-out private financial support they would have received otherwise in the German welfare state.

    Einkommen und Sterblichkeit in Deutschland : Leben Reiche lÀnger?

    Get PDF
    Unterschiede in der Lebenserwartung nach Einkommen wurden bereits fĂŒr viele LĂ€nder untersucht und empirisch belegt. Diese Diskrepanzen in der Lebenserwartung sind wirtschaftspolitisch und empirisch wichtig. Durch die kĂŒrzeren Rentenlaufzeiten von Versicherten in den untersten Einkommensgruppe resultieren unerwĂŒnschte Umverteilungseffekte in der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung. Weiterhin Ă€ndern einkommensabhĂ€ngige MortalitĂ€tsraten die Interpretation empirischer Analysen ĂŒber das Sparverhalten Ă€lterer Menschen. Eine Auswertung des Sozio-ökonomischen Panels zeigt, daß auch in Deutschland ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen dem Einkommen und der Lebenserwartung von MĂ€nnern und Frauen in der zweiten LebenshĂ€lfte besteht. MĂ€nner und Frauen im untersten Viertel der Einkommensverteilung haben eine um etwa 6 bzw. 4 Jahre kĂŒrzere Lebenserwartung als Menschen im obersten Einkommensquartil. Dieser Einfluß bleibt auch bei BerĂŒcksichtigung zusĂ€tzlicher Bestimmungsfaktoren der MortalitĂ€t bestehen

    Crowding out or crowding in? Public and private transfers in Germany

    Get PDF
    Intergenerational support exchanges are of particular interest in Europe's ageing populations. This paper focuses on the relationship between private and public financial transfers to and from the elderly. Based on German data we find that the giving of private transfers is influenced by public transfers. The close link between public transfers to the elderly and the financial support they give to others represents an inefficient backflow of pay-as-you-go financed pensions to the young generation. This mechanism can be interpreted as a private compensation device for the generations. We can also show that at the same time the receipt of public transfers by the elderly crowd-out private financial support they would have received otherwise in the German welfare state

    Projection methods and scenarios for public and private pension information

    Get PDF
    Public pensions - the primary pillar of old-age income provision - will, in the future, be less generous than they have been in the past, in particular owing to the impact of demographic change. The pension gap is supposed to be plugged by the second and third pillars of pension provision. However, people require reliable planning information if they are to exercise greater individual responsibility. It is therefore absolutely essential that adequate information is made available about the level of pension benefits that will be generated by each pillar of old-age pension provision. This paper outlines a number of different means of presenting the level of future pensions and the assumptions on which such extrapolations are necessarily based. Our work is based on an assumed average rate of inflation of 1.5% and an average rate of real income growth not exceeding 1.5%. This last figure is derived from calculations made in the framework of a macroeconomic simulation model. This model also shows that while the funded pillar of old-age pension provision is not entirely immune to population aging, it is not substantially threatened by a substantial decrease in stock market prices, the so-called "asset meltdown".

    How an Unfunded Pension System looks like Defined Benefits but works like Defined Contributions: The German Pension Reform

    Get PDF
    This paper describes the German pension reform process 1992-2007 with a stress on a remark-able development: the public pay-as-you-go-financed pension system has almost silently moved from a traditional defined benefit system to a system which works in many respects like a defined contribution system. The paper combines economic with political considerations, hopefully offering a few lessons that are useful also for other countries.

    Projection methods and scenarios for public and private pension information

    Get PDF
    Public pensions – the primary pillar of old-age income provision – will, in the future, be less generous than they have been in the past, in particular owing to the impact of demographic change. The pension gap is supposed to be plugged by the second and third pillars of pension provision. However, people require reliable planning information if they are to exercise greater individual responsibility. It is therefore absolutely essential that adequate information is made available about the level of pension benefits that will be generated by each pillar of old-age pension provision. This paper outlines a number of different means of presenting the level of future pensions and the assumptions on which such extrapolations are necessarily based. Our work is based on an assumed average rate of inflation of 1.5% and an average rate of real income growth not exceeding 1.5%. This last figure is derived from calculations made in the framework of a macroeconomic simulation model. This model also shows that while the funded pillar of oldage pension provision is not entirely immune to population aging, it is not substantially threatened by a substantial decrease in stock market prices, the so-called “asset meltdown”.

    Dynamik der Riester-Rente : Ergebnisse aus SAVE 2003 bis 2008

    Get PDF
    Die Rentenreform 2001 hat mit der Riester-Rente ein staatlich gefördertes, reguliertes Altersvorsorgeprodukt eingefĂŒhrt. Über diese zusĂ€tzliche Altersvorsorge sollen die kĂŒnftigen Rentnergenerationen das langfristige Absinken des gesetzlichen Rentenniveaus kompensieren. Dieser Beitrag geht anhand der SAVE-Daten der Frage nach, welche Bevölkerungskreise die Riester-Renten in welchem Umfang annehmen. Es zeigt sich, dass dies besonders auf kinderreiche Haushalte zutrifft, wobei sich bei dieser Gruppe angesichts eines Verbreitungsgrads von zwei Dritteln im Befragungsjahr 2008 erste SĂ€ttigungstendenzen zeigen. Dies trifft nicht auf die unteren Einkommensgruppen zu. Haushalte mit niedrigen Einkommen schließen zwar in geringerem Umfang Riester-Renten ab als Haushalte im oberen und mittleren Einkommensbereich. Die Dynamik der ZuwĂ€chse ist im unteren Bereich der Einkommensverteilung aber noch ungebrochen

    Chancen und Risiken der "Riester-Rente"

    Get PDF
    Der demographische Wandel stellt die umlagefinanzierte Rentenversicherung in Deutschland vor große Probleme. Deshalb wurde mit der Rentenreform 2001 die Absenkung des gesetzlichen Rentenniveaus beschlossen und dafĂŒr die kapitalgedeckte zweite und dritte SĂ€ule der Altersvorsorge deutlich gestĂ€rkt. Die EinfĂŒhrung der zusĂ€tzlichen Altersvorsorge bringt zwei Risiken mit sich, die in dieser Arbeit betrachtet werden. Ein Risiko stellt die Freiwilligkeit der zusĂ€tzlichen Altersvorsorge dar. Es ist unsicher, ob die Haushalte – insbesondere die einkommensschwachen – den Willen und/oder die FĂ€higkeit aufbringen, die zusĂ€tzliche Ersparnis fĂŒr das Alter konsequent durchzufĂŒhren. Ein weiteres Risiko der zusĂ€tzlichen Altersvorsorge, das gleichermaßen eine Chance ist, besteht in der Rendite der eingezahlten BeitrĂ€ge. Kritiker einer kapitalgedeckten Altersvorsorge weisen hĂ€ufig, gerade in Anbetracht der aktuellen Entwicklung auf dem Kapitalmarkt, auf das dortige Renditerisiko hin. In diesem Papier wird nun der Frage nachgegangen, ob die Haushalte unter diesen Risiken in der Lage sein werden, die durch die Absenkung der gesetzlichen Rente entstehende VersorgungslĂŒcke zu schließen, und welche SpielrĂ€ume bei den Beitragsleistungen vorhanden sind
    • 

    corecore