Florida After Secession: Abandonment by the Confederacy and its Consequences

In the early months of 1861, some Florida citizens seemed to feel that the approaching conflict would be diversion rather than tragedy. On January 12, the day after the state seceded, a detachment of Florida and Alabama troops seized the navy yard at Pensacola. They were accompanied by a jovial throng of townspeople who found the event greatly entertaining. Other Floridians believed that the government would not fight to preserve the Union, or if it did fight, that the efforts would be cowardly and short. Throughout the state, prominent men offered to drink all the blood spilt in any struggle with the North

Deprivation, Disaffection, and Desertion in Confederate Florida

The federal blockade, departure of most breadwinners for the military, removal of large quantities of food, clothing, and supplies for troops on every southern battlefront, disregard of desperate appeals of Confederate and state officials urging the planting of food rather than money crops, and great speculation, caused widespread suffering for most Florida families during the Civil War

Secession of Florida from the Union - A Minority Decision?

In 1860 the majority of white Floridians probably assumed that a victory for Republicanism would put in power those who would oppress the South. With the election of Lincoln, many Floridians believed secession the only alternative to northern domination. Others, however, refused to believe it

Nature’s nations: the shared conservation history of Canada and the USA

Historians often study the history of conservation within the confines of national borders, concentrating on the bureaucratic and political manifestations of policy within individual governments. Even studies of the popular expression of conservationist ideas are generally limited to the national or sub-national (province, state, etc.) scale. This paper suggests that conservationist discourse, policy and practice in Canada and the USA were the products of a significant cross-border movement of ideas and initiatives derived from common European sources. In addition, the historical development of common approaches to conservation in North America suggests, contrary to common assumptions, that Canada did not always lag behind the USA in terms of policy innovation. The basic tenets of conservation (i.e. state control over resource, class-based disdain for subsistence hunters and utilitarian approaches to resource management) have instead developed at similar time periods and along parallel ideological paths in Canada and the USA

Plow.

Patent for a new and improved plow. This design "relates to mold-boards for plows; and it has for its object to provide a combined wooden and metallic mold-board which shall possess superior advantages in point of simplicity, durability, and general efficiency" (lines 9-14)

Sulky Plow.

Patent for an adjustable plow, with instructions and illustrations