8,449 research outputs found
The effectiveness of progressive and traditional coaching strategies to improve sprint and jump performance across varying levels of maturation within a general youth population
Literature pertaining to youth development has identified the importance of understanding the physical, intellectual and emotional needs of adolescents prior to, during, and after their peak height velocity (PHV) period. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of a ātraditionalā and āprogressiveā coaching style to train a general male youth population to improve sprint and jump performances whilst assessing enjoyment to comment on long-term application. Maximal sprint times, sprint kinematics, unilateral jump distances and repetitive tuck jump scores were measured alongside anthropometric variables to characterise performance. The results revealed significant (p < 0.05) pre/post differences in anthropometric variables across all maturation groups, and each of the maturational levels displayed a tendency to favor a particular coaching or control condition. Pre-PHV groups responded most effectively to the progressive style of coaching, displaying improvements in horizontal jump performances, and ā0.7% to ā2.7% improvements in all sprint times, despite also showing the largest increase in tuck jump scores (25.8%). The circa-PHV group produced their greatest improvements in the traditional intervention, as displayed through significant improvements (p < 0.05) in 20-m sprint times and dominant-leg horizontal jump performance, whilst also revealing the greatest deterioration in tuck jump scores (14.2%). Post-PHV displayed the greatest improvements in the control setting, suggesting that the natural benefits gained through adolescent development were greater than the influence of the training interventions. In conclusion, the results suggest that matching coaching strategies and delivery techniques to the period of biological maturation may have implications for both performance and athlete safety
The effectiveness of progressive and traditional coaching strategies to improve iprint and jump performance across varying levels of maturation within a general youth population
Literature pertaining to youth development has identified the importance of understanding the physical, intellectual and emotional needs of adolescent youth. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of a ātraditionalā and āprogressiveā coaching style to train a general male youth population to improve sprint and jump performances, whilst assessing enjoyment to comment on long term application. Maximal sprint times, sprint kinematics, unilateral jump distances and repetitive tuck jump scores were measured alongside anthropometric variables to characterise performance. Results revealed significant (p>0.05) pre/post differences in anthropometric variables across all maturation groups, and each of the maturational levels displayed a tendency to favour a particular coaching or control condition. Pre-PHV groups responded most effectively to the progressive style of coaching, displaying improvements in horizontal jump performances, and -0.7 to -2.7% improvements in all sprint times, despite also showing the largest increase in tuck jump scores (25.8%). The circa-PHV group produced their greatest improvements in the traditional intervention, as displayed through significant improvements (p<0.05) in 20m sprint times and dominant-leg horizontal jump performance, whilst also revealing the greatest deterioration in tuck jump scores (14.2%). Post-PHV displayed the greatest improvements in the control setting, suggesting the natural benefits gained through adolescent development were greater than the influence of the training interventions. In conclusion, it is suggested that matching coaching strategies and delivery techniques to the period of biological maturation may have implications for both performance and athlete safety
Cosmic String Power Spectrum, Bispectrum and Trispectrum
We use analytic calculations of the post-recombination gravitational effects
of cosmic strings to estimate the resulting CMB power spectrum, bispectrum and
trispectrum. We place a particular emphasis on multipole regimes relevant for
forthcoming CMB experiments, notably the Planck satellite. These calculations
use a flat sky approximation, generalising previous work by integrating string
contributions from last scattering to the present day, finding the dominant
contributions to the correlators for multipoles l > 50. We find a well-behaved
shape for the string bispectrum (without divergences) which is easily
distinguishable from the inflationary bispectra which possess significant
acoustic peaks. We estimate that the nonlinearity parameter characterising the
bispectrum is approximately f_NL \sim -20 (given present string constraints
from the CMB power spectrum. We also apply these unequal time correlator
methods to calculate the trispectrum for parrallelogram configurations, again
valid over a large range of angular scales relevant for WMAP and Planck, as
well as on very small angular scales. We find that, unlike the bispectrum which
is suppressed by symmetry considerations, the trispectrum for cosmic strings is
large. Our current estimate for the trispectrum parameter is tau_NL \sim 10^5,
which may provide one of the strongest constraints on the string model as
estimators for the trispectrum are developed
An investigation into the impact of coaching strategies with respect to physical and performance characteristics of male youth of varying biological maturation
This thesis will be presented as two standalone experimental chapters which will culminate in a thesis discussion linking the two papers under the overarching concept of maturation in male youth. Chapter 2 is currently under review in āCogent Medicineā, and the intention of Chapter 2 is to identify physical, injury and performance-based differences between maturational groups within a general school-based population of 8 youth. These observed differences within Chapter 2 will then inform the methodology and coaching strategies utilised within Chapter 3, which will investigate the effectiveness of various coaching methods in order to maximise adaptation, motor ability and injury prevention within each maturational group. The outcome of this thesis hopes to inform practitioners as to how they can best implement their training programmes to maximise learning and adaptation across a range of biological maturation levels. Rather than just knowing when training should occur which has been investigated previously, it is hoped this thesis will provide insight into how coaching should occur to maximise learning within this diverse adolescent population. Due to the layout of this thesis with the individual papers, there is an element of content repetition throughout Chapters 1,2,3 and 4 which needs to be acknowledged, although the various contexts provides uniqueness throughout
Remotely Supported Prehospital Ultrasound : Real-time Communication for Diagnosis in Remote and Rural Communities
Acknowledgments The research team would like to thank all of our volunteers and reviewers for their time and efforts during this study. The research was funded by Highlands & Islands Enterprise, UK Technology Strategy Boardās Space and Life Sciences Catapult, University of Aberdeenās dot.rural Digital Economy Hub and TAQA Bratani.Publisher PD
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