Weyl spin-orbit-coupling-induced interactions in uniform and trapped atomic quantum fluids

We establish through analytical and numerical studies of thermodynamic quantities for noninteracting atomic gases that the isotropic three-dimensional spin-orbit coupling, the Weyl coupling, induces interaction which counters "effective" attraction (repulsion) of the exchange symmetry present in zero-coupling Bose (Fermi) gas. The exact analytical expressions for the grand potential and hence for several thermodynamic quantities have been obtained for this purpose in both uniform and trapped cases. It is enunciated that many interesting features of spin-orbit coupled systems revealed theoretically can be understood in terms of coupling-induced modifications in statistical interparticle potential. The temperature-dependence of the chemical potential, specific heat and isothermal compressibility for a uniform Bose gas is found to have signature of the incipient Bose-Einstein condensation in very weak coupling regime although the system does not really go in the Bose-condensed phase. The transition temperature in harmonically trapped case decreases with increase of coupling strength consistent with the weakening of the statistical attractive interaction. Anomalous behavior of some thermodynamic quantities, partly akin to that in dimensions less than two, appears for uniform fermions as soon as the Fermi level goes down the Dirac point on increasing the coupling strength. It is suggested that the fluctuation-dissipation theorem can be utilized to verify anomalous behaviors from studies of long-wavelength fluctuations in bunching and antibunching effects.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, Phys. Rev. A (Accepted

Weak ferromagnetism in non-centrosymmetric BiPd 4K superconductor

We report synthesis of non-centrosymmetric BiPd single crystal by self flux method. The BiPd single crystal is crystallized in monoclinic structure with the P21 space group. Detailed SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) results show that the crystals are formed in slab like morphology with homogenous distribution of Bi and Pd. The magnetic susceptibility measurement confirmed that the BiPd compound is superconducting below 4K. Further, BiPd exhibits weak ferromagnetism near the superconducting transition temperature in isothermal magnetization (MH) measurements. The temperature dependent electrical resistivity also confirmed that the BiPd single crystal is superconducting at Tc=4K. Magneto transport measurements showed that the estimated Hc2(0) value is around 7.0kOe. We also obtained a sharp peak in heat capacity Cp(T) measurements at below 4K due to superconducting ordering. The normalized specific-heat jump, DC/{\gamma}Tc, is 1.52, suggesting the BiPd to be an intermediate BCS coupled superconductor. The pressure dependent electrical resistivity shows the Tc decreases with increasing applied pressure and the obtained dTc/dP is -0.62K/Gpa.Comment: 11 pages Text+Fig

Current-induced spin polarization in chiral Tellurium: a first-principles quantum transport study

Te is a naturally p-doped semiconductor with a chiral structure, where an electrical current causes the conduction electrons to become spin polarized parallel to the transport direction. In this paper, we present a comprehensive theoretical study of this effect by employing density functional theory (DFT) combined with the non-equilibrium Green's functions (NEGF) technique for quantum transport. We suggest that the spin polarization can quantitatively be estimated in terms of two complementary quantities, namely the non-equilibrium magnetic moments and the spin current density. The calculated magnetic moments are directly compared with the values from previous theoretical studies obtaining overall consistent results. On the other hand, the inspection of the spin current density provides insights of the magnetotransport properties of the material. Specifically, we predict that the resistance along a Te wire changes when an external magnetic field is applied parallel or antiparallel to the charge current direction. The computed magnetoresistance is however quite small (~ 0.025%). Finally, we show that the description of the current-induced spin polarization in terms of the spin current establishes a straightforward connection with the phenomenon called chiral-induced spin selectivity, recently observed in several nano-junctions

Preliminary phytochemical screening, FT-IR, and HPTLC analysis, and antioxidant, antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of Dalbergia sisso leaves

Background: Dalbergia sissoo is a well-known plant known as Shisham. It has medicinal importance, including analgesic, antipyretic, and antiemetic properties. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to investigate the bioactive constituents in the methanolic leaf extract of Dalbergia sisso by characterizing it using FT-IR and HPTLC techniques, and to determine its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Methodology: A Soxhlet apparatus was used for the extraction process. 150 g of Dalbergia sisso powdered leaves was extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus for 30 hours, utilizing methanol as a solvent. The solvent was vaporized and concentrated to produce a dry residue once the extraction was finished. The yield percentages for the methanolic extract were 4.8% respectively. Result and Discussion: FT-IR spectroscopy showed different peak values for functional compounds in the methanolic extract. The FTIR spectrum of the methanolic leaf extract shows the interpretation of the chemical bonds in the methanolic leaf extract. HPTLC studies revealed that the active compound lupeol is present in the methanolic extract. Conclusion: It has been concluded that the methanolic extract of Dalbergia sisso leaves contains lupeol and quercetin bioactive compounds. The methanolic extract of Dalbergia sisso leaves was found to have antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. The HPTLC technique found lupeol, which may possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The FT-IR spectrum revealed the presence of hydroxyl, hydrocarbon, aldehyde, allene, and secondary alcohol groups in the methanolic extract, consistent with the presence of quercetin. The methanolic leaf extracts show the presence of saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinone glycosides, and tannins

MEDICAL ASPECTS OF ESTERASES: A MINI REVIEW

Nowadays, esterases represent high growth potential in the World Industrial Enzymes Market. The industrial applications of esterases provide an immense contribution to the eco-friendly approaches towards nature as also in the food, textile industries as additives in detergents, agrochemical (herbicides, insecticides) industries, and bioremediation. The current review is focused mainly on different medical aspects of esterases because they find implications in treatment of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neuropathy. The role of esterase has been observed in the treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE). The arylesterase (ARE) has been found to show antioxidant activity in plasma cells and its low activity resulted in multiple myelomas accounting for 1% of neoplastic diseases and 13% of hematological malignancies in U. S. A. Lung cancer is one of the most lethal forms of cancers and reports have indicated that tumors of the lung, colon and liver had high esterase expressions and therefore could be exploited for selective drug conversion using an ester prodrug strategy. Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) and arylesterase (ARE) are lipophilic antioxidant enzymes. Hypercholesterolaemia has been found to be associated with reduced PON1 enzyme activities and patients are under increased oxidative stress. Esterases from animal and plant origins have been used as effective drugs and as detection probes for toxic compounds using chiral technology

Advance Approach towards Key Feature Extraction Using Designed Filters on Different Image Format for Providing Security

In fast growing database repository system, image as data is one of the important concern despite text or numeric. Still we can’t replace test on any cost but for advancement, information may be managed with images. Therefore image processing is a wide area for the researcher. Many stages of processing of image provide researchers with new ideas to keep information safe with better way. Feature extraction, segmentation, recognition are the key areas of the image processing which helps to enhance the quality of working with images. Paper presents the comparison between image formats like .jpg, .png, .bmp, .gif. This paper is focused on the feature extraction and segmentation stages with background removal process. There are two filters, one is integer filter and second one is floating point Filter, which is used for the key feature extraction from image. These filters applied on the different images of different formats and visually compare the results

Beta -Defensin 3 Gene Expression upon Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Catla catla Fish of Narmada River, Madhya Pradesh, India

The historical and cultural significance of fish as a staple food has driven advancements in fish farming technologies, aiming to enhance yield and sustainability. Understanding the immunological aspects of fish is crucial for enhancing aquaculture practices and ensuring the health of fish populations in natural ecosystems. This study explores the immune response of Catla catla, a freshwater fish species of Narmada river of Madhya Pradesh, by examining the expression of the β-defensin 3 gene following exposure to the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus at laboratory setup. This study provided a comprehensive framework to analyse the gene expression pattern of β-defensin 3, shedding light on the immunological response of Catla catla fish species under bacterial infection. Live specimens of Catla catla were carefully collected from the Narmada River near Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh to investigate the expression of the β-defensin 3 gene. Total RNA was extracted from the tissue samples using TRIZOL reagent. For reverse transcription, 1000 ng of RNA was used to synthesise complementary DNA (cDNA) using the iScript™ cDNA Synthesis Kit.  The expression of β-defensin 3 was analysed using quantitative PCR (qPCR) on the AriaMx Real-time PCR System. Specific primers were designed to amplify the target gene and the housekeeping gene. This methodological approach ensured the precise evaluation of β-defensin 3 gene expression under controlled laboratory conditions, providing valuable insights into the immune responses of Catla catla to bacterial infection. The findings demonstrate a significant increase in the expression of the β-defensin 3 gene in infected Catla catla compared to uninfected control fish. This was quantitatively analysed using polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), revealing a pronounced response to the bacterial challenge. Statistical analysis through an unpaired t-test yielded a p-value of 0.0108, indicating that the elevation of β-defensin 3 expression is a vital immune response mechanism to bacterial infection. The increased levels of β-defensins, known for their antimicrobial properties, underscore their importance in the innate immune system of fish, functioning as a first line of defence against a variety of pathogens. These peptides exhibit the capabilities to disrupt bacterial membranes, which is critical for inhibiting pathogen growth and protecting the host. Additionally, our results highlight the broader implications of environmental factors, particularly water quality, on the immune health of Catla catla. Frequent exposure to harmful bacteria due to pollution necessitates robust immune responses, indicating the need for effective water management strategies in habitats supporting these fish.  This study not only sheds light on the immunological mechanisms at play within Catla catla but also emphasises the importance of maintaining healthy aquatic environments to support fish health and resilience. Such insights are vital for promoting sustainable aquaculture practices, ensuring the health of fish populations, and sustaining biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems

Performance & Analysis of Fuzzy Logic Controller Based Induction Motor Drive System Using Simulink

Variable speed drives are growing and varying. Drives expanse depend on progress in different part of science like power system, microelectronic, control methods and so on. In this paper, the motor drive system comprises a voltage source inverter-fed induction motor (VSIM): namely a three-phase voltage source inverter and the induction motor. The squirrel-cage induction motor voltage equations are based on an orthogonal d-q reference-rotating frame where the co-ordinates rotate with the controlled source frequency. The paper presents a novel fuzzy logic controller for high performance induction motor drive system. The inputs to the fuzzy logic controller are the linguistic variables of speed error and change of speed error, while the output is change in switching control frequency of the voltage source inverter. In this paper a comparison between fuzzy logic controller and traditional PI controllers are presented. The results validate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy logic controller for high performance of induction motor drive. Simulink software that comes along with MATLAB was used to simulate the proposed model