Pohlmeyer reduction revisited

A systematic group theoretical formulation of the Pohlmeyer reduction is presented. It provides a map between the equations of motion of sigma models with target-space a symmetric space M=F/G and a class of integrable multi-component generalizations of the sine-Gordon equation. When M is of definite signature their solutions describe classical bosonic string configurations on the curved space-time R_t\times M. In contrast, if M is of indefinite signature the solutions to those equations can describe bosonic string configurations on R_t\times M, M\times S^1_\vartheta or simply M. The conditions required to enable the Lagrangian formulation of the resulting equations in terms of gauged WZW actions with a potential term are clarified, and it is shown that the corresponding Lagrangian action is not unique in general. The Pohlmeyer reductions of sigma models on CP^n and AdS_n are discussed as particular examples of symmetric spaces of definite and indefinite signature, respectively.Comment: 45 pages, LaTeX, more references added, accepted for publication in JHE

Cutting Fluid Management: Small Machining Operations

This manual has been organized into seven sections. Section 1 introduces the reader to fluid management and potential rewards of a fluid management program. Section 2 provides a brief review of cutting fluid systems, functions of cutting fluids and characteristics a fluid should have in order to perform safely and effectively. Section 3 presents information on cutting fluid selection and types of cutting fluids available. It covers the four types of metalworking fluids used today, their advantages and disadvantages, and factors to consider in selecting a fluid. Section 4 is the main focus of this manual. It discusses the four integral components of fluid management–administration, monitoring, maintenance, and recycling. It provides information on practices that can be readily adopted to prevent the onset of fluid degradation, maintain fluid quality, extend fluid service life and reduce waste. Section 5 presents information on waste management and disposal. It provides an overview of environmental regulations that pertain to spent cutting fluid and reviews possible disposal alternatives for waste cutting fluid. Section 6 looks at alternatives to cutting fluids. Advantages and disadvantages of dry machining and other existing technology is examined, and information is presented on a number of emerging technologies that can extend cutting fluid life or even eliminate traditional cutting fluids altogether. Section 7 provides detailed information on the subject of worker health and safety, and provides sources for additional information on this subject. Appendix A contains several case studies. These studies demonstrate how the many pieces of a cutting fluid management system can be fit together to provide an effective, economical and efficient operation.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/iwrc_facbook/1005/thumbnail.jp

Handbook of Environmental Regulations for Agribusiness

This Handbook is intended to provide the information needed for agribusiness facilities to comply with state and federal environmental regulations. Staff at the Iowa Waste Reduction Center wrote the Handbook. Technical input and review was provided by Dan Eddinger, Nebraska Department of Enviromental Quality; Mark Lohafer and John Whipple, Iowa Department of Land and Agricultural Stewardship; staff at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) Region 7; staff at the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR); and Chris Murray, Agribusiness Association of Iowa.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/iwrc_facbook/1009/thumbnail.jp

Compliance Calendar/Logbook for Bulk Gasoline Plants: Less than 19,999 Gallons/Day Throughput

EPA has new requirements for Gasoline Distribution Bulk Terminals, Bulk Gasoline Plants and Pipeline Facilities under 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart BBBBBB (NESHAP 6B) to reduce air pollution. This calendar has been developed to assist Bulk Gasoline Plants in complying with NESHAP 6B. Additional Iowa specific NESHAP 6B rules are discussed later.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/iwrc_facbook/1004/thumbnail.jp

Golf Course Pollution Prevention Guide

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), pollution prevention can be defined as: “The use of materials, processes, or practices that reduces or eliminates the creation of pollutants or wastes at the source.” Pollution prevention represents a shift away from the old school of thought, “pollution control,” in which waste was not dealt with until after it was generated. Through pollution prevention, we look at the processes that generate the waste to see if we can avoid creating a waste in the first place, or at least reduce the hazardous nature of the waste. When this is not possible, the next best solution to prevent wastes from having a negative impact on the environment is through careful management and recycling. This manual will help golf course maintenance staff identify areas where pollution prevention techniques can be applied in a practical manner. Each section presents a waste type common to golf courses accompanied by pollution prevention recommendations. Although the focus of this manual is on pollution prevention, regulatory information is given as necessary where it impacts pollution prevention practices and to illustrate how pollution prevention can help reduce regulatory requirements.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/iwrc_facbook/1008/thumbnail.jp

Residential Recycling: Back to the Basics

This document provides information on residential recycling basics and includes a residential recycling guide

Pollution Prevention Implementation Plan for Vehicle Maintenance

The Pollution Prevention Implementation Plan for Vehicle Maintenance was prepared as part of the Iowa Pollution Prevention Initiative (IPPI) pilot project. IPPI demonstrated the team approach to small business pollution prevention technical assistance through integration of existing Iowa Small Business Development Center and Iowa Waste Reduction Center services. This cooperative effort was designed to help small businesses learn about and implement pollution prevention through recognition of pollution prevention options, comparison of costs and benefits, and evaluation of financing options. The Pollution Prevention Implementation Plan (PPIP) for Vehicle Maintenance provides: • An overview of pollution prevention options, • A review of the costs and benefits associated with these options, and • Steps for pollution prevention implementation and financing Use of the PPIP will help a small business select pollution prevention practices that have a high probability of being successful from quality/production, environmental and economic standpoints. While this particular PPIP addresses the vehicle maintenance facilities, other PPIP’s are available for printing and metal manufacturing industry.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/iwrc_facbook/1013/thumbnail.jp