法政大学図書館一〇〇年史 : 第一編 図書館通史 : 第九章 三キャンパス体制への対応 二、工学部図書館の歩み

Lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries are common, complex, and costly problems. Literature supports associations between static foot structure and dynamic foot function, as well as between overuse injury and demographic characteristics. Previous studies failed to provide a comprehensive biomechanical foot characteristics of at-risk military personnel. In this study, foot structure, function, and arch height flexibility (AHF) were objectively measured in 1090 incoming cadets (16.3% female, mean age of 18.5years and BMI of 24.5kg/

Examination of the Linearity and Eversion/Inversion Symmetry of Torsional Stiffness in Footwear

Examination of the Linearity and Eversion/Inversion Symmetry of Torsional Stiffness in Footwear

The Relationship Between Arch Height and Arch Flexibility: A Proposed Arch Flexibility Classification System for the Description of Multidimensional Foot Structure

BACKGROUND: The correlation between arch structure and injury may be related to the fact that foot structure influences foot function. Foot structure is often defined by arch height, although arch flexibility may be just as important to form a more complete description. We propose an arch flexibility classification system, analogous to arch height classification, and then use the classification system to examine the relationship between arch flexibility and arch height. METHODS: Arch height index was calculated in 1,124 incoming military cadets, of whom 1,056 had usable data. By measuring arch height during both sitting and standing, a measurement of arch flexibility could also be calculated. These values were used to create five arch flexibility categories: very stiff, stiff, neutral, flexible, and very flexible. The distribution of arch flexibility types among arch height categories was statistically compared. RESULTS: The goodness of fit test showed a disproportionate number of each arch flexibility type in each of the arch height categories (P \u3c .01). The largest proportion of cavus feet was very stiff and the smallest proportion was very flexible. Conversely, the largest proportion of planus feet was very flexible and the smallest proportion was very stiff. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this research support the common belief that cavus feet tend to be very stiff and planus feet tend to be very flexible

Effects of a Loaded Ruck March of Isometric Muscle Strength Measured with a Novel HHD Fixation System

PURPOSE: Understanding the effect that field exercises have on soldier muscular strength is an area of interest for the US Army. Reliably quantifying muscle strength in this context has been limited by availability of portable assessment equipment. The widely used hand-held dynamometer (HHD) presents a challenge when assessing strong muscle groups of healthy soldiers accurately. We devised a portable, field-ready HHD fixation solution to assist researchers in the evaluation of lower body and core isometric maximal muscle contractions. Reliability of the fixation system (patent pending) was assessed prior to implementation at a large- scale data collection during a military field exercise. The purpose of the current investigation was to identify strength changes in select muscle groups prior to and immediately following a loaded road march. METHODS: 39 soldiers (36M, 3F) performed 4 maximal isometric contraction types, including lumbar extension, lumbar flexion, hip flexion, and knee extension. 3 trials of each contraction type were recorded during a pre-mission baseline, and 2 trials were recorded immediately following a 6-mi road march executed with an average load of 50% body weight. Measurements were recorded using the system developed, which provided repeatable subject stabilization, muscle group isolation, and HHD fixation. The maximum force recorded from each muscle group during a session was used for analysis. A paired sample t-test was conducted to compare pre and post road march strength measures. RESULTS: No significant change in lumbar extension strength was identified between the pre and post conditions. Significant decreases in strength performance were observed in the hip flexion (8.3%; p=.003), knee extension (7.8%; p=.032), and lumbar flexion (9.9%; p=.009) measurements between the pre and post conditions. CONCLUSION: While lumbar extension strength did not change following the road march, the decreases identified for hip flexion, knee extension, and lumbar flexion followed the hypothesized trend. This study provides novel insight into the effects of field activities on soldier muscle strength that were not quantifiable prior to the portable HDD fixation system, and presents a range of new opportunities to understand the impact of military exercises on strength

Hip muscle response to a fatiguing run in females with iliotibial band syndrome.

Impaired hip muscle function has often been cited as a contributing factor to the development of iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), yet our full understanding of this relationship is not well established. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of fatigue on hip abductor muscle function in females with ITBS. Female runners, 20 healthy and 12 with a current diagnosis of ITBS, performed a treadmill run to fatigue. Prior-to and following the run to fatigue, gluteus medius strength and median frequency values (an indicator of fatigue resistance) were measured. Additionally, onset activation timing of the gluteus medius and tensor fascia latae was measured during overground running. Both healthy and injured runners demonstrated decreased gluteus medius strength following the run to fatigue (p = 0.01), but there was no interaction between groups (p = 0.78). EMG onset activation timing did not differ between groups for the gluteus medius (P = 0.19) and tensor fascia latae muscles (P = 0.52). Injured runners demonstrated decreased gluteus medius initial median frequency values suggestive of fatigue (P = 0.01). These findings suggest that the gluteus medius muscle of female runners with ITBS does not demonstrate gross strength impairments but does demonstrate less resistance to fatigue. Clinicians should consider implementation of a gluteus medius endurance training regimen into a runner\u27s rehabilitation program

Are baseline strength measures predictive of Changes in Spatio-Temporal Gait Measures Throughout a Load-Bearing Military March?

Military members are often required to carry more than 46 kg for extended periods of movement and, subsequently, perform high-level operations that often require strength, acuity, and endurance. Previous research has shown that these attributes are negatively affected by fatigue. Muscular strength may be indicative of an increased ability to resist fatigue. The purpose of this research was to identify baseline strength measures that may be predictive of fatigue resistance during an extended load-bearing military march. Greater baseline muscular strength was expected to minimize changes in spatiotemporal metrics throughout the ruck march

Effects of Torso-Borne Load Redistribution on Comfort and Gait Mechanics

Effects of Torso-Borne Load Redistribution on Comfort and Gait Mechanics