Evolution of postglacial vegetation in the Western Laptev Sea region (Siberian Arctic)

On the basis of a detailed study of the pollen-spore spectra and a detailed radiocarbon chronology of a sediment core obtained from the western outer Laptev Sea shelf, the long-term and high-resolution changes of vegetation in the northwestern Laptev Sea region were reconstructed for the last 12.0 cal. ka. Three major phases in the development of paleoenvironments and vegetation on the surrounding hinterland and the exposed Laptev Sea shelf were recognized. The period between 12.0 and 10.3 cal. ka BP was characterized by predominance of grass-sedge and moss tundra. Rapid expansion of herbaceous tundra with dwarf birch and alder started at about 10.3 and lasted until 8.0 cal. ka. Pollen spectra from this time interval evidence the warmest and most favorable climate conditions. After 8.0 cal. ka mosses and lichen vegetation with scare herbs typical for the modern arctic tundra dominated. German: Auf der Grundlage detaillierter Pollen- und Sporenspektren aus einem 14C-datierten Sedimentkern vom äußeren Schelf des westlichen Laptewmeeres wurden die langfristigen und hochaufgelösten Veränderungen der Vegetation in den letzten 12 cal. ka in der nordwestlichen Laptewmeer-Region rekonstruiert. Es wurden drei Hauptphasen der Entwicklung von Umwelt und Vegetation im umgebenden Hinterland erkannt. Die Zeit zwischen 12,0 und 10,3 cal. ka BP war charakterisiert durch Riedgras- und Moos-Tundra. Rasche Ausdehnung der Kraut-Tundra mit Zwergbirke und Erle begann etwa um 10,3 cal. ka und dauerte bis 8,0 cal. ka. Pollenspektren aus diesem Zeitintervall beschreiben die wärmsten und besten Klimabedingungen. Nach 8,0 cal. ka dominierte die für die heutige arktische Tundra typische Moos- und Flechtenvegetation mit wenigen Kräutern

Technique for Studying Motivation Toward Scientific Activity: Development and Practical Application

Introduction. As our analysis has shown, the literature offers very few publications that address the issue of diagnosing motives for scientific activity in adult research professionals. Being guided by the principles of the meta-system approach, we developed the concept of motivation toward scientific activity as a theoretical foundation for the appropriate diagnostic technique. According to this concept, motivation toward scientific activity includes 10 various motivational subsystems (groups of motives) such as external, internal, value, cognitive, reflexive, and indirect ones, competition-, security-, and achievement-related motives, and anti-motivation. These subsystems are reflected in the corresponding scales of the developed technique. Methods. A total of 944 research professionals at various research institutes, including universities, and commercial scientific organizations from different cities of the Russian Federation participated in this study. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to select tasks for the technique. Results. The final version included 70 items (7 for each of the 10 scales), of which 25,71% were ‘reverse-worded’ and 74,29% were ‘positive-worded’. The technique met the criteria of test-retest reliability (r= .899, р = .001), half-split reliability (Spearman–Brown: r= .822, p = .001; Rulon: r= .814, p = .01), and internal consistency reliability (r= .814, p≤ .05). The authors determined empirical validity of the technique by examining the relationship between scientific productivity and motivation. The Motivational Profile test by W. Richie and P. Martin was instrumental in testing construct validity. A Shapiro–Wilk test showed that the scores for each scale were normally distributed, which made it possible to use sten-score scales. Discussion. The practice of psychological support of research activity at the RAS research institutes and R&D commercial organizations enabled authors to provide recommendations for chiefs, psychologists, and human resource managers for managing and optimizing the structure and level of motivation among research workers and increasing their labour productivity

Kinetic Axion Dark Matter in String Corrected f(R)f(R) Gravity

Under the main assumption that the axion scalar field mainly composes the dark matter in the Universe, in this paper we shall extend the formalism of kinetic axion $R^2$ gravity to include Gauss-Bonnet terms non-minimally coupled to the axion field. As we demonstrate, this non-trivial Gauss-Bonnet term has dramatic effects on the inflationary phenomenology and on the kinetic axion scenario. Specifically, in the context of our formalism, the kinetic axion ceases to be kinetically dominated at the end of the inflationary era, since the condition $\dot{\phi}\simeq 0$ naturally emerges in the theory. Thus, unlike the case of kinetic axion $R^2$ gravity, the Gauss-Bonnet corrected kinetic axion $R^2$ gravity leads to an inflationary era which is not further extended and the reheating era commences right after the inflationary era, driven by the $R^2$ fluctuations.Comment: Published in the Physics of the Dark Univers

THE IMAGE OF WOMAN-POLITICAL LEADERAMONG RUSSIAN YOUTH

The authors analyze the unconscious aspects of the image of a woman-political leader among Russian youth. The research method is the classical semantic differential of Osgood. Russian youth perceive women-political leaders differentially, depending on gender: girls evaluate them as strong and active, but do not support them emotionally. Young men evaluate women politicians as weak, passive, and also emotionally do not support them.Изучаются неосознаваемые аспекты образа женщины — политического лидера у российской молодежи. Метод исследования — классический семантический дифференциал Ч. Осгуда. Установлено, что женщины — политические лидеры воспринимаются российской молодежью дифференцированно, в зависимости от пола: девушки оценивают их как сильных и активных, но эмоционально не поддерживают их. Юноши оценивают женщин-политиков как слабых, пассивных и эмоционально не поддерживают их

Solvable K-essence Cosmologies and Modified Chaplygin Gas Unified Models of Dark Energy and Dark Matter

This paper is devoted to the investigation of modified Chaplygin gas model in the context of solvable k-essence cosmologies. For this purpose, we construct equations of state parameter of this model for some particular values of the parameter $n$. The graphical behavior of these equations are also discussed by using power law form of potential. The relationship between k-essence and modified Chaplygin gas model shows viable results in the dark energy scenario. We conclude that the universe behaves as a cosmological constant, quintessence phase or phantom phase depending upon $n$.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

Favorable Outcome of Severe Acute Methadone Poisoning (Clinical Case)

Purpose: to contribute to relief of metabolic disorders associated with hypoxia by including a succinate correcting tissue metabolism into the scheme of intensive care of acute severe methadone poisoning complicated by the crush syndrome.Materials and methods. We examined the dynamics of clinical manifestation of acute methadone poisoning complicated by crush syndrome: changes in clinical and biochemical parameters, coagulation test findings, blood gas composition and acid-base state, ECG and X-ray findings.Results. By the 7th day after patient's admission in the ICU, stabilization of hemodynamics, recovery of spontaneous breathing and consciousness, reduction of swelling and the beginning of the formation of pressure ulcers were observed; on the 8 the day, restoration of urination and characteristics of urine were registered. On the 12th day, the patient was transferred to the toxicology unit being in a state of moderate severity and demonstrating positive changes in all clinical parameters.Conclusion. The inclusion of a drug with antioxidant/antihypoxant properties in the infusion therapy scheme allows to relieve metabolic disorders associated with hypoxia, and thereby increase the effectiveness of treatment: i.e. to relief clinical and laboratory manifestations and reduce the ICU stay

Fractional Action Cosmology with Power Law Weight Function

Motivated by an earlier work on fractional-action cosmology with a periodic weight function [1], we extend it by choosing a power-law weight function in the action. In this approach, we obtain a varying gravitational coupling constant. We then model dark energy in this paradigm and obtain relevant cosmological parameters.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, Contributed talk published in the proceedings of "3rd Italian-Pakistani Workshop on Relativistic Astrophysics

Фракционное плавление с использованием теплового насоса

Feasibility study of the fractional smelting continuum process by the means of a calorific pump with a closed cycle on the working substance is provided in this article. It is shown that the usage of the calorific pump allows decreasing significantly power inputs for realization of the studied process.Выполнен анализ эффективности использования парокомпрессионного теплового насоса с замкнутым циклом по рабочему телу в процессе непрерывного фракционного плавления. Показано, что применение теплового насоса позволяет снизить энергетические затраты на проведение рассматриваемого процесс