Impact Of Organizational Climate On Performance Of College Teachers In Punjab

The study aimed to determine the impact of organizational climate on performance of college teachers. The researcher selected the area of college education as the focus of the study. The study was delimited to all the public sector degree colleges of Punjab. Population of this study consisted of all the principals and teachers working in public sector degree colleges of Punjab and the simple random sampling technique sample was used. The sample consisted of 70 degree colleges, their heads, and five teachers from each sampled college. In order to measure the variables, the research instruments were the questionnaires for principals and teachers. Each questionnaire consisted of 30 items. The data collected from sampled colleges were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted in light of the objectives of the study by applying statistical tools of research, such as mean, standard deviation, standard error of means, and coefficient of correlation.  On the basis of analysis, it was concluded that the majority of public college principals opined that open climate was very highly and positively correlated to teacher performance, but paternal and closed climates were negatively correlated to teacher performance. In light of the conclusions, it is recommended that teachers may be given chances to discuss their academic problems in groups, seminars, and conferences. Workshops may be arranged more for this purpose. The management style of principals may be improved through in-service training, seminars, workshops and departmental meetings and supervision. Performance of teachers can be increased by promoting open, as well as controlled, climates and avoiding closed climate. These climates may be ensured through administrative policy and measures.&nbsp

VARIOUS FORMULATION VARIABLES EFFECTING FLOATATION BEHAVIOUR OF SINGLE UNIT GASTRORETENTIVE CAPSULES OF OFLOXACIN

Objective: Objective of the present study was to prepare simple single unit gastro-retentive capsules of ofloxacin with the aim to have the gastric retention of the system for longer periods of time (12h) and to study the effect of various polymers on floating behaviour of such single unit gastro-retentive capsules of ofloxacin.Methods: The method used for the preparation of gastro-retentive capsules was a simple physical blending of various low-density hydrophilic polymers alone and in combination with hydrophobic polymers and filling into capsules. These capsules were then subjected to in vitro floatation and matrix integrity study in 0.1N HCl using static volume beaker method and the United States pharmacopoeia (USP) type II dissolution apparatus method at 100rpm.Results: Two grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K4M and K15M used were found suitable for the purpose. Results showed that increase in HPMC level increased colloidal gel barrier strength along with matrix integrity with consequently improved buoyancy. Lactose which was added as release rate modifier decreased matrix integrity and buoyancy. Eudragit a hydrophobic polymer was added so as to have intact, the buoyant formulation for 12 h with desired drug release characteristics. The addition of eudragit enhanced matrix integrity and floatation time to certain levels but higher levels showed negative results. Floatation time of more than 16 h was observed in the formulations containing 2:1 ratio of HPMC K15M and eudragit respectively. 32 factorial design was used to study the effect of various formulation variables on buoyancy and matrix integrity. Formulations containing zero level of HPMC were found buoyant for more than 12 h with all levels of eudragit S100 (i.e.,-1, 0,+1 level). It was also observed that matrix integrity consequently buoyancy increased with increase in eudragit with all levels of HPMC.Conclusion: The study concludes that eudragit S100 a hydrophobic polymer increased floatation time of the formulated capsules with all the three levels of HPMC K15M, but at the same time eudragit level should not exceed HPMC, while lactose a release rate enhancer decreased matrix integrity/floatation time of the formulated capsules

Review of corporate governance practices and financial distress prediction

Good corporate governance practices play an import role in increasing the firm value. Based on the agency theory related to corporate governance, if an agent (management) does not protect interest of principal (shareholders) then, agency cost is occurred and this creates a bad impact on the corporate performance. Therefore, it is necessary to address weak corporate governance practices in early stages otherwise firms can go in financial distress and eventually become bankrupt. The objective of this current study is to conduct a nonsystematic review of literature on theories and models related to corporate governance and financial distress. In the light of thorough review of literature, it is found that corporate governance variables (i.e. ownership concentration, board size, board composition, CEO duality, level of independence of board from management and managerial ownership) are good predictors for predicting financial distress. Moreover, it is also found that these corporate governance variables were not only used separately for predicting financial distress but also used along with others variables (firm level and country level) for the purpose of enhancing quality of financial distress models

The Effect of Telephone Support on the Severity of Nausea and Vomiting in the First Trimester of Pregnancy in the Primiparous Women

Objective: to evaluate the effect of telephone support on the severity of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy in the primiparous women. Study Design: Randomized Control Trail. Study Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bahawal Victoria hospital and primary health care facilities Bahawalpur, from January 2018 to June 2018. Material and methods: A total number of 72 patients referred to gynecology department of Nishtar hospital were included in this study. Patients were divided into two equal groups. Case group received telephone support while control group received standard care for the complaints of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. There are 36 patients in each group. PUQE (pregnancy unique quantification of emesis\nausea) criterion was used to assess the severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Three outcome variables were assessed in order to evaluate the efficacy of the telephone support in case group, PUQE score, PUQE score severity and quality of life score. For continuous data independent t-test was applied, for nominal data chi-square test and for quality of life score Mann Whitney U-test was used. P value less than or equal to 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: PUQE questionnaire was given to each patient and score was calculated. Mean PUQE score was 7.42±3.25 in the cases and 9.94±3.40 in the controls, the difference being statistically significant (p=0.002). Mild NVP, moderate NVP and severe NVP were observed in 20 (55.5%), 10 (27.8%) and 6 (16.7%) of the cases; and 8 (22.2%), 18 (50%) and 10 (27.8%) of the controls, respectively. The difference in PUQE severity was statistically different between the two groups (p=0.015). The quality of life score was also statistically much better (p=0.028) in the cases (8 (6-9)) than in the controls (7 (4.25-8)). Conclusion: Telephone support was significantly associated with better PUQE score and better quality of life score as compared to the standard care. But severity of PUQE score was not statistically significant when case and control groups were compared. Keywords: Nausea, Vomiting, Telephone, Primiparous, Pregnanc

Principals Perception Regarding Factors Affecting The Performance Of Teachers

This study investigated the perception of principals on how the factors of subject mastery, teaching methodology, personal characteristics, and attitude toward students affect the performance of teachers at higher secondary level in the Punjab. All principals of higher secondary level in the Punjab were part of the population of the study. From the population, 120 principals were selected as the sample. A questionnaire was developed and validated through pilot testing. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed by using statistical techniques of mean and standard deviation. The major conclusions of the study were that the factor of subject mastery was perceived to be influencing the performance of teachers maximally, but the factor of attitude toward students was affecting the performance of teachers minimally. The remaining two factors - teaching methodology and personal characteristics - were perceived to be at the intermediary level

Post Thrombolytic St-Segment Resolution Outcome in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study was to assess post thrombolytic resolution of ST-segment and its outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODOLOGY: This Prospective Comparative Study was carried out at the Cardiology Unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. All patients irrespective of gender and age with ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), having no immediate access to angioplasty and thrombolysed with streptokinase, were included in this study. ECG was taken at the beginning and 90 minutes after the administration of streptokinase. Based on ST-segment resolution on ECG taken at 90 minutes these patients were classified into group A and B. Group A included patients with ST-segment resolution while group B showed no resolution of ST-segment after streptokinase administration. These patients were followed during their hospital stay for complications such as arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, acquired ventricular septal defects (VSD) aneurysm and death. RESULTS: Among 115 patients, 94 were male and 21 female. Group A included 102 (89%) patients and group B included 13 (11%). In group A, only 1 (0.98 %) patient developed complications and in group B, 13 patients (100%) developed complications. Arrhythmias were the most common complication among MI patients in group A while cardiogenic shock was the commonest complication in group B. CONCLUSION: ST-segment resolution is a practical and applicable indicator of successful thrombolysis and has a significant correlation with clinical outcome in acute myocardial patients after thrombolysis with streptokinase

The effective use of technology and digitalization in Disaster Management in Malaysia.

The study will review the literature about disaster management in the Scopus database in 10 years from 2009 to 2018. A review will be done systematically to find out the direction of published and highly cited literature in the policymaking and problem solving after and post-natural disaster in Malaysia. After the complete assessment and filtration of the sheet, only 52 studies are left for the further process. irrelevant literature is screen out and relevant research is analyzed for further process. flood management and landslides are widely discussed challenges and problems in Malaysia. But the flood hazard management in Malaysia is developing rapidly, although the country is a new industrial developed country. The growth and development of social pace, fast-growth political and economic changes and that also charging up the pace of physical and environmental changes. Landslides are also growing with the period in Malaysia and some parts of the country are victims near the residential areas during the monsoon period. It's alarming that the residential areas are in the potential risk of landslides and the highways in some parts of the mountain area of the country

Recent advances in the synthesis of triazole derivatives

Triazole ring system has attracted a continuously growing interest of synthetic organic chemists and those dealing with the medicinal compounds due to its versatile potential to interact with biological systems. The triazole compounds possess a wide range of biological activities and are especially focused for antifungal behavior. In thisreview article, we have summarized the recent developmentsin the synthetic methodologies of this ring system. The main focus was on the methodologies which deal with the facile and convenient synthesis

The Role of Vitamin E in Human Health and Some Diseases

Vitamin E is the major lipid-soluble component in the cell antioxidant defence system and is exclusively obtained from the diet. It has numerous important roles within the body because of its antioxidant activity. Oxidation has been linked to numerous possible conditions and diseases, including cancer, ageing, arthritis and cataracts; vitamin E has been shown to be effective against these. Platelet hyperaggregation, which can lead to atherosclerosis, may also be prevented by vitamin E; additionally, it also helps to reduce the production of prostaglandins such as thromboxane, which cause platelet clumping. The current literature review discusses the functions and roles of vitamin E in human health and some diseases as well as the consequences of vitamin E deficiency. The main focus of the review is on the tocopherol class of the vitamers

Leukocytosis: Predictor of Radiological and Neurological Outcome of Patients of Traumatic Brain Injury Presented to Jinnah Hospital, Lahore

Background/Objective: Catecholamines and cortisol cause raised TLC (total leukocyte count) and brain inflammation after injury. We found out that weather leukocytosis is predictive for radiological and neurological outcome in patientswith TBI presenting to JHL.Materials and Methods: Blood samples of patients (n = 100) were collected on presentation in the emergency room, after 72 hours and on the 5th day for TLC count.CT Brain was obtained on presentation in emergency, after 72 hours and on the 5th day. The progression of imaging findings on CT scan were assessed and compared with TLC count. The outcome of these patients was assessed according to the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale.Results: TLC after TBI is raised initially and then it declined afterwards in mild and moderate TBI, but remained on the upper limit in moderate TBI. In severe TBI, TLC was raised initially and then it progressed to higher limits afterwards.These results showed that there is a strong relation between TLC and TBI.Regarding the association between radiological assessment and severity of injury along with raised TLC, it was observed that the patients having EDH had raised TLC along with expansion of hematoma, while patients with contusions, T-SAH (traumatic sub-dural hematoma) SDH had TLC on upper limit, but there was no significant resolution of radiological severityConclusion: WBC count can be used as a predictor of radiological outcome, as it was found that patients with severe head injury had raised TLC. TLC count can be used to assess the severity of injury and prognosis