Telecommunication of stabilizing signals in power systems

Deregulation of the power industry has occurred at a rapid pace, opening some promising competition between suppliers. The result of this competition should be to the benefit of customers.;Telecommunication plays a crucial role in integrating systems and ensuring smooth operation by way of exchanging data and information between various systems that are responsible for monitoring and control of the grid. For example, a Power System Stabilizer (PSS) controller could be placed at one of the generators and requires remote measurements. All the communication schemes within the network generate delays that are characterized in this project using OPNET Modeler. OPNET Modeler is also used to characterize the number of dropped packets.;As a case study, we consider a two-area four-generator (2A4G) and explore the role of communication delay on system stability. Those delays play an important role in the design of a controller that can help the damping of electro-mechanical oscillations between interconnected synchronous generators and therefore maintain the system stability. The network statistics are then imported into Simulink in order to visualize the speed of the shaft w2 as a function of time. Additional communication options to the inter-area oscillation problem are offered at the end of the thesis (use of Virtual Private Network (VPN), use of fiber optic dedicated network, or the use of IPv6 protocol)

Supernovae, CMB, and Gravitational Leakage into Extra Dimensions

We discuss observational constraints coming from CMB and type Ia supernovae, for the model of accelerated universe produced by gravitational leakage into extra dimensions. Our fits indicate that the model is currently in agreement with the data. We also give the equations governing the evolution of cosmological perturbations. Future observations will be able to severely constrain the model.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, typos corrected and minor changes before publicatio

Robustness measures for signal detection in non-stationary noise using differential geometric tools

We propose the study of robustness measures for signal detection in non-stationary noise using differential geometric tools in conjunction with empirical distribution analysis. Our approach shows that the gradient can be viewed as a random variable and therefore used to generate sample densities allowing one to draw conclusions regarding the robustness. As an example, one can apply the geometric methodology to the detection of time varying deterministic signals in imperfectly known dependent nonstationary Gaussian noise. We also compare stationary to non-stationary noise and prove that robustness is barely reduced by admitting non-stationarity. In addition, we show that robustness decreases with larger sample sizes, but there is a convergence in this decrease for sample sizes greater than 14. We then move on to compare the effect on robustness for signal detection between non-Gaussian tail effects and residual dependency. The work focuses on robustness as applied to tail effects for the noise distribution, affecting discrete-time detection of signals in independent non-stationary noise. This approach makes use of the extension to the generalized Gaussian case allowing the comparison in robustness between the Gaussian and Laplacian PDF. The obtained results are contrasted with the influence of dependency on robustness for a fixed tail category and draws consequences on residual dependency versus tail uncertainty

Skiroc: A Front-end Chip to Read Out the Imaging Silicon-Tungsten Calorimeter for ILC

Integration and low-power consumption of the read-out ASIC for the International Linear Collider (ILC) 82-millionchannel W-Si calorimeter must reach an unprecedented level as it will be embedded inside the detector. Uniformity and dynamic range performance has to reach the accuracy to achieve calorimetric measurement. A first step towards this goal has been a 10,000-channel physics prototype of 18*18 cm which is currently in test beam in CERN. A new version of a full integrated read out chip (SKIROC) has been designed to equip the technologic prototype to be built for 2009. Based on the running physics prototype ASIC (FLC_PHY3), it embeds most of the required features expected for the final detector. The dynamic range has been improved from 500 to 2000 MIP. An auto-trigger capability has been added allowing built-in zero suppress. The number of channel has been doubled reaching 36 to fit smaller silicon pads and the lownoise charge preamplifier now accepts both AC and DC coupled detectors. After an exhaustive description, the measurement results of that new front-end chip will be presented. The results on the technological R&D concurrently conducted on the ultra-thin PCB hosting both the front-end electronic and the silicon detectors will also be described

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Photométrie différentielle de supernovae de type Ia lointaines (0.5

After an introduction of the general context of the ``standard'' cosmology, this thesis presents, how, using comparison of the apparent luminosity of nearby and distant type Ia supernovae (SNIa), it is possible to specify the geometry of the universe and perform a measurement of the principal cosmological parameters. We describe, after, how, from observations using the wide field camera CFH12K mounted on the CFHT (Canada France Hawaii Telescope, 3.6m, Hawaii) and softwares developed within our group, we were able to discover during the spring 2001 a batch of 4 distant SNIa. A similar search carried out with the CTIO (Cerro Tololo Interamerican Telescope, 4M, Chile) by our collaborators allowed the discovery of about ten additional supernovae. We present in this thesis the analyze of the 6 farthest supernovae (with redshift between 0.5 and 1.2) that were followed by the instrument WFPC2 of the Hubble Space Telescope. From these observations, we constructed their lightcurves using photometric differential analysis specific to the instrument WFPC2 that we developed during this work. The simulation of the flux of those supernovae within the observationnal instruments enabled us to construct lightcurve models and then fits of their characteristics: apparent luminosity at the time of maximum and decline rate. Finally, using the comparison of this batch to a batch of about one hundred nearby SNIa coming from the literature, we performed a measure of the cosmological parameters. We find, considering a flat universe, a reduced density of matter of 0.35 (0.15 stat) and 0.22 (0.25 stat) respectively for the supernovae with a redshift around 0.5 and around 1.Aprs avoir rappel le contexte thorique et observationnel de la cosmologie dans le modle ``standard'', cette thse prsente comment, partir de la comparaison des luminosits apparentes de supernovae de type Ia (SNIa) proches et lointaines , il est possible de prciser la gomtrie de l'univers et de faire des mesures des principaux paramtres cosmologiques. Nous dcrivons, ensuite, comment partir d'observations l'aide de l'imageur large champ de vue CFH12K mont sur le CFHT (Canada France Hawaii Telescope, 3.6m, Hawaii) et d'outils logiciels dvelopps au sein de notre groupe, nous avons pu dcouvrir durant la campagne de recherche du Supernova Cosmology Project du printemps 2001 un lot de 4 SNIa lointaines. Une recherche similaire effectue auprs du CTIO (Cerro Tololo Interamerican Telescope, 4m, Chili) par nos collaborateurs a permis la dcouverte d'une dizaine de supernovae supplmentaires. Nous prsentons dans cette thse l'analyse des 6 supernovae les plus lointaines (avec des dcalages vers le rouge compris entre 0.5 et 1.2) qui ont t suivies par l'instrument WFPC2 du tlescope spatial Hubble. A partir de ces observations, nous avons construit leur courbe de lumire en utilisant des outils de photomtrie diffrentielle spcifique l'instrument WFPC2 dvelopps lors de ce travail. La simulation du flux de ces supernovae dans les instruments d'observation a permis de construire des modles de courbe de lumire et ainsi l'ajustement de leurs caractristiques : luminosit apparente au maximum et taux de dcroissance. Enfin, la comparaison de ce lot un lot d'une centaine de SNIa proches issues de la littrature, nous a permis de faire une mesure des paramtres cosmologiques. Nous trouvons, en considrant un univers plat, des valeurs respectives pour la densit rduite de matire de 0.35 (0.15 stat) et 0.22 (0.25 stat) pour les supernovae avec un dcalage vers le rouge autour de 0.5 et autour de 1

Intérêt du bloc maxillaire supérieur par voie supra-zygomatique dans l'analgèsie postopératoire de la chirurgie vélo-palatine chez l'enfant (étude prospective, randomisée en double aveugle contre un placébo)

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Photométrie différentielle de supernovae de type Ia lointaines (0.5 inf. à z inf. à 1.2) mesurées avec le télescope spatial Hubble et estimation des paramètres cosmologiques

Après avoir rappelé le contexte théorique et observationnel de la cosmologie dans le modèle "standard", cette thèse présente comment, à partir de la comparaison des luminosités apparentes de supernovae de type la (SNIa) proches et lointaines, il est possible de préciser la géométrie de l'univers et de faire des mesures des principaux paramètres cosmologiques. Nous décrivons, ensuite, comment à partir d'observations à l'aide de l'imageur à large champ de vue CFH12K monté sur le CFHT (Canada France Hawaii Telescope, 3.6m, Hawaii) et d'outil logiciel développé au sein de notre groupe, nous avons pu découvrir durant la campagne de recherche du Supernova Cosmology Project du printemps 2001 un lot de 4 SNIa lointaines. Une recherche similaire effectuée auprès du CTIO (Cerro Tololo Interamerican Telescope, 4m, Chili) par nos collaborateurs a permis la découverte d'une dizaine de supernovae supplémentaires. Nous présentons dans cette thèse l'analyse des 6 supernovae les plus lointaines (avec des décalages vers le rouge compris entre 0.5 et 1.2) qui ont été suivies par l'instrument WFPC2 du télescope spatial Hubble. A partir de ces observations, nous avons construit leur courbe de lumière en utilisant des outils de photométrie différentielle spécifique à l'instrument WFPC2 développés lors de ce travail. La simulation du flux de ces supernovae dans les instruments d'observation a permis de construire des modèles de courbe de lumière et ainsi d'ajustement leurs caractéristiques: luminosité apparente au maximum et taux de décroissance. Enfin, la comparaison de ce lot à un lot d'une centaine de SNIa proches issues de la littérature, nous a permis de faire une mesure des paramètres cosmologiques. Nous trouvons en considérant un univers plat des valeurs respectives pour la densité réduite de matière de 0.35 (0.15 stat) et 0.22 (0.25 stat) pour les supernovae avec un décalage vers le rouge autour de 0.5 et autour de 1.After an introduction of the general context of the "standard" cosmological model, this thesis presents, how, using comparison of the apparent luminosity of nearby and distant type Ia supernovae (SNIa), it is possible to specify the geometry of the universe and perform a measurement of the principal cosmological parameters. We describe, next, how, from observations using the imageur to wide view field CFH12K mounted on the CFHT (Canada France Hawaii Telescope, 3.6m, Hawaii) and softwares developed within our group, we were able to discover during the research of the spring 2001 within the Supernova Cosmology Project a batch of 4 distant SNIa. A similar research carried out with the CTIO (Cerro Tololo Interamerican Telescope, 4M, Chile) by our collaborators allowed the discovery of about tell additional supernovae. We present in this thesis the analyze of the 6 farthest supernovae (with redshift between 0.5 and 1.2) that were followed by the instrument WFPC2 of the Hubble Space Telescope. From these observations, we constructed their lightcurves using photometric differential analysis specific to the instrument WFPC2 developed during this work. The simulation of the flux of those supernovae within the observationnal instruments enabled us to construct lightcurve models and then the fit of their characteristics : apparent luminosity at the time of maximum and decline rate. Finally, using the comparison of this batch to a batch of about one hundred nearby SNIa coming from the literature, we performed a measure of the parameters cosmologiques. We find considering a flat universe a reduced density of matter of 0.35 (0.15 stat) and 0.22 (0.25 stat) respectively for the supernovae with a redshift around 0.5 and around 1.AIX-MARSEILLE1.OAMP.Le Verrier (130552205) / SudocORSAY-PARIS 11-BU Sciences (914712101) / SudocSudocFranceF