Association of Cannabis Use Disorder with Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events in Older Non-Tobacco Users: A Population-Based Analysis

Background: Tobacco use disorder (TUD) adversely impacts older patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, CVD risk in chronic habitual cannabis users without the confounding impact of TUD hasn’t been explored. We aimed to determine the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in older non-tobacco smokers with established CVD risk with vs. without cannabis use disorder (CUD). Methods: We queried the 2019 National Inpatient Sample for hospitalized non-tobacco smokers with established traditional CVD risk factors aged ≥65 years. Relevant ICD-10 codes were used to identify patients with vs. without CUD. Using multivariable logistic regression, we evaluated the odds of MACCE in CUD cohorts compared to non-CUD cohorts. Results: Prevalence of CUD in the sample was 0.3% (28,535/10,708,815, median age 69), predominantly male, black, and non-electively admitted from urban teaching hospitals. Of the older patients with CVD risk with CUD, 13.9% reported MACCE. The CUD cohort reported higher odds of MACCE (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.11–1.29, p < 0.001) compared to the non-CUD cohort. Comorbidities such as hypertension (OR 1.9) and hyperlipidemia (OR 1.3) predicted a higher risk of MACCE in the CUD cohort. The CUD cohort also had higher unadjusted rates of acute myocardial infarction (7.6% vs. 6%) and stroke (5.2% vs. 4.8%). Conclusions: Among older non tobacco smokers with known CVD risk, chronic cannabis use had a 20% higher likelihood of MACCE compared to those who did not use cannabis

Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Pancreatic Cancer: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is extremely aggressive, with symptoms occurring only in the advanced stage. The relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and PC is complex. However, it is unclear whether long-standing diabetes causes cancer or whether cancer proceeds the development of impaired glucose metabolism. PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane library were consulted to look for relevant literature. We narrowed down 20 articles after implementing inclusion and exclusion criteria. The database was searched using the keywords “Pancreatic Cancer” AND “Diabetes Mellitus.” This narrative literature review aims to analyze the literature on the analysis of the metabolic association of T2DM, the risk of carcinogenesis of the pancreas and their association, and the current understanding of metabolic pathways involved in cellular growth and metabolism. About 80% of patients with pancreatic disease have a previous diagnosis of diabetes within five years. We explored the literature to find metabolic associations between PC and T2DM due to insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, low-grade chronic inflammation, and insulin-like growth factor axis alteration

The Association between Borderline Personality Disorder and Criminal Activity and Self-harm, Including Suicidal Behavior: A Systematic Review

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is an extraordinarily complex and least-understood mental disorder. It is currently known that BPD is related to aggression and anger. However, fewer studies focused on the prevalence of BPD symptoms among criminal offenders and their association with crime. This systematic review act per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. We searched PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), and Science Direct for appropriate studies and research. Screening of articles was performed based on relevance and inclusion and exclusion criteria. To check for bias, we used relevant quality appraisal tools. Initially, we found 10026 articles. After removing duplicates and irrelevant papers, we finalized 18 studies based on titles, abstracts, and reading entire articles. We excluded eight studies because of poor quality, and the remaining ten papers were included in this review. BPD was related to criminal activities and suicidal and non-suicidal acts. Adverse childhood experiences positively predicted self-injurious behavior. There is a positive linkage between BPD symptoms and general offense, Inter-Partner Violence (IPV), and Child Abuse Potential (CPA)

The Relationship between Infant Prematurity and Parental Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Prematurity refers to the birth of a baby before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. This can be related to considerable parental anxiety and mental status changes. Anxiety can manifest as worrying thoughts, feelings of tension, and altered vital signs. This review aims to analyze the relationship between premature birth and parental anxiety, focusing on the emotional status of both mothers and fathers. The review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis 2020 guidelines. A search was undertaken in PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect. Screening of articles was carried out to find relevant and appropriate articles. Articles were then quality-checked before inclusion. Our analysis showed that mothers of preterm infants had greater symptoms of anxiety, and comorbid anxiety and depression, than mothers of term infants. Mothers of preterm infants 5 years after discharge showed long-term consequences of stress and anxiety, including inappropriate responses and reduced praise for their children. Mothers of preterm multiples were more likely to experience stress and anxiety than mothers of preterm singletons. Fathers of preterm infants experienced higher levels of stress than fathers of term infants, but fathers of preterm infants experienced less stress than mothers of preterm infants. These findings suggest that routine mental health screening and intervention should be undertaken for both mothers and fathers of preterm infants