Randomized controlled trial: a pilot study of a psychoeducational intervention for fatigue in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease

Introduction: Fatigue is a frequent, debilitating symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite this, studies report dissatisfaction among IBD patients regarding how little attention is given to fatigue-related issues during consultations. We performed a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess whether a brief, structured, multidisciplinary psychological support program improved fatigue, mood and quality of life indices in patients with quiescent IBD. Methods: The intervention consisted of three small-group psychoeducational sessions over 6 months. Primary outcomes were effect on fatigue severity and impact scores. Secondary outcomes included effect on depression, anxiety, somatization scores, generic and disease-specific quality of life. Results: Twenty-three patients were enrolled, 10 in the intervention arm and 13 controls. Mean fatigue severity and impact scores improved for patients in the intervention group (by 14.5–13.1 and 49.7–45.8, respectively), and worsened in controls (by 11.5–12.6 and 33.5–35 respectively). Mean Short Form 36 (SF-36) scores for role limitations due to physical health decreased from 44.4 to 38.9 in the intervention group, but increased from 44.2 to 51.9 among controls. Energy scores in the intervention group improved from 17.8 to 26.6, but only from 31.4 to 31.7 among controls. Short IBD questionnaire scores improved in both groups, from 46.2 to 45.2 in controls compared with 44.4–40 in the intervention group. Discussion: In this small pilot RCT, positive effects were demonstrated on fatigue, energy levels and other quality of life outcomes. Larger, adequately powered studies with longer follow up are required

The association between acute and late genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicities: an analysis of the PACE B study

Simple Summary: Several studies have shown the association between significant short-term and long-term side-effects after prostate radiotherapy using older techniques. Our study, tests whether there is an association between short- and long-term bowel and urinary side-effects with modern prostate radiotherapy techniques such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). We use CTCAE clinical assessments of patient symptoms for radiotherapy side-effects in the PACE-B study to answer this question. We show that patients who develop short-term urinary and bowel side-effects are at higher odds of developing long-term side-effects, after conventional fractionated radiotherapy and SBRT. This association remains even after adjusting for patient, treatment and tumour factors. We show that patients who have significant urinary symptoms before radiotherapy are also at higher odds of developing long-term side-effects. We suggest that patients who experience significant short-term side-effects should be closely monitored and potentially have their symptoms treated earlier. Abstract: Several studies have demonstrated the association between acute and late radiotherapy toxicity in prostate cancer using older radiotherapy techniques. However, whether this association is present with newer techniques such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), remains unclear. We use univariable and multivariable logistic regression to analyse the association between grade 2 or worse acute gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities with equivalent late toxicities in patients treated with SBRT and conventional or moderately fractionated radiotherapy (CRT) within the PACE-B study. 842 patients were included in this analysis. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) was the primary clinician reported outcome measure used in this analysis. In univariable analysis, experiencing a grade 2+ acute GU toxicity was significantly associated with developing a grade 2+ late GU toxicity after SBRT (OR 4.63, 95% CI (2.96–7.25), p < 0.0001) and CRT (OR 2.83, 95% CI (1.69–4.71), p < 0.0001). This association remained significant in multivariable analysis. In univariable analysis, experiencing a grade 2+ acute GI toxicity was also associated with developing a grade 2+ late GI toxicity after SBRT (OR 3.67, 95% CI (1.91–7.03), p < 0.0001) and CRT (OR 4.4, 95% CI (2.04–9.47), p < 0.0001). This association also remained significant in multivariable analysis. Grade 2+ baseline GU symptoms were also associated with grade 2+ late urinary toxicity in both univariable and multivariable analysis. Overall, acute toxicity is an important predictor variable for late GU/GI toxicity after localised prostate radiotherapy using SBRT and CRT. Future work should test whether optimising symptoms pre-treatment and early intervention in those with significant acute toxicities could mitigate the development late of toxicity

Global prevalence of, and risk factors for, gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms: a meta-analysis

Objectives; Gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms are common in the community, but there has been no definitive systematic review and meta-analysis of data from all studies to estimate their global prevalence, or potential risk factors for them. Design; Medline, Embase and Embase Classic were searched (until September 2016) to identify population-based studies that reported the prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms in adults (≥15 years); gastro-oesophageal reflux was defined using symptom-based criteria or questionnaires. The prevalence was extracted for all studies, and according to the criteria used to define it. Pooled prevalence, according to study location and certain other characteristics, OR and 95% CIs were calculated. Results; Of the 14 132 citations evaluated, 102 reported the prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms in 108 separate study populations, containing 460 984 subjects. Prevalence varied according to country (from 2.5% in China to 51.2% in Greece) and criteria used to define gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms. When only studies using a weekly frequency of heart burn or regurgitation to define presence were considered, pooled prevalence was 13.3% (95% CI 12.0% to 14.6%). Prevalence was higher in subjects ≥50 years (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.54), smokers (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.52), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)/aspirin users (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.88) and obese individuals (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.46 to 2.06). Conclusions; The prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms varied strikingly among countries, even when similar definitions were used to define their presence. Prevalence was significantly higher in subjects ≥50 years, smokers, NSAID users and obese individuals, although these associations were modest

Efficacy and tolerability of initiating, or switching to, infliximab biosimilar CT-P13 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): a large single-centre experience

Objectives: Recently, the infliximab biosimilar (CT-P13) received market authorisation for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), allowing cost benefits when switching to CT-P13. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of switching from originator infliximab to CT-P13 for new and existing patients. Material and methods: Treatment response, remission, primary and secondary loss of response rates, and adverse events in patients who initiated infliximab originator in the 12 months pre-switch (n = 53) were compared with the patients who initiated CT-P13 in the 12 months post-switch (n = 69). Sustained responses were compared for existing infliximab originator patients who switched to CT-P13 (n = 191) and those who continued with the originator (n = 19). Results: There was no difference in remission (58.1% vs. 47.4%, p = .37), response (12.6% vs. 10.5%, p = .80), secondary loss of response (24.6% vs. 42.1%, p = .10), or adverse events (4.7% vs. 0% p = 1.0) between those who switched to CT-P13 and those who continued infliximab originator. There was no difference in remission (42.0% vs. 26.4%, p = .074), response (21.7% vs. 22.6%, p = .91), primary non-response (5.8% vs. 15.1%, p = .09), secondary loss of response (21.7% vs. 22.6%, p = .91), or adverse events (8.7% vs. 11.3%, p = .63) in those who initiated CT-P13 compared with infliximab originator. Conclusions: There was no difference in the efficacy and safety of infliximab originator and CT-P13 during the first 12 months after switching

747P Real-world experience of rucaparib in patients with ovarian cancer: A multicentre United Kingdom study

Background Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is the 5th leading cause of female cancer deaths. Despite high responses to first-line therapy, 5-year survival remains poor at 29%. Rucaparib is a small molecule PARP inhibitor (PARPi) approved as monotherapy for maintenance treatment of recurrent EOC with prior complete/partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy, on the basis of the ARIEL3 trial. Despite the validity of clinical trial evidence, applicability to routine practice is limited and real-world evidence (RWE) is mandated. Methods We performed a multi-center retrospective study of patients with advanced EOC receiving rucaparib in the UK from June 2018, via an early access program. Results 119 patients were included, with a median age of 66 years (range 26-89). Median ECOG at commencement was 1 (0-3). 91% (n=108) had high grade serous carcinoma and 24% (n=29) germline/somatic BRCA1/2mutation (BRCAm). Prior to rucaparib, patients had a median of 3 therapies (range 1-9) with 8% (n=10) receiving an alternate PARPi. Overall progression free survival (PFS) was 7.5 months (1.1-37.4), with a higher PFS of 9.1 months (1.1-35.5) in BRCAm patients. This is lower than observed in ARIEL3. However, if similar inclusion/exclusion criteria are applied to our RWE population, findings are analogous, with PFS of 10.2 and 16.6 months in the overall and BRCAm groups respectively. Treatment-related toxicity (any grade) was reported in 88% (n=105) of patients, most prevalent being nausea, fatigue, anaemia and other blood dyscrasias. 26% (n=32) of patients experienced a CTCAE grade 3/4 toxicity and 58% (n=69) required dose interruption/reduction. 13% (n=16) of patients discontinued therapy due to a treatment related adverse effect: most frequently fatigue, nausea or thrombocytopenia. No haematological malignancies were observed. Conclusions Overall we found a lower incidence of any grade and grade 3/4 toxicity, and furthermore equivalent discontinuation rates to ARIEL3. A lower overall PFS and BRCAm PFS was observed. This is likely due to the inclusion of patients with higher ECOG, median age, prior therapy lines and previous PARPi use. However, applying similar inclusion/exclusion criteria to the RWE population, recapitulates similar PFS findings to ARIEL3. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding