PERIOD DETERMINATION FOR NEA (162421) 2000 ET70

Lightcurve analysis for (162421) 2000 ET70 was performed in collaboration with observers in Uruguay, Australia, and the United States from observations obtained during the asteroid’s favorable opposition in 2012. The synodic rotation period was found to be 8.947 ± 0.001 h and the lightcurve amplitude was 0.60 ± 0.07 mag

8077 HOYLE: A SHORT PERIOD ASTEROID

The main-belt asteroid 8077 Hoyle was observed on 13 nights over a span of 47 days in 2012 April-May. A bimodal synodic period of 2.7454 ± 0.0002 h and an amplitude of 0.20 ± 0.02 mag. were obtained

LIGHTCURVE ANALYSIS OF FOUR ASTEROIDS

From June 2011 through May 2012 May, photometric data for four asteroids were obtained using the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy (SARA) telescope located at the Kitt Peak National Observatory. The following synodic periods were found: 4808 Ballaero, P = 8.8976 ± 0.0007 h; 7750 McEwen, P = 27.82 ± 0.01 h; 11941 Archinal, P = 2.717 ±0.006 h; and (47035) 1998WS, P = 7.996 ± 0.001 h

γPNA FRET Pair Miniprobes for Quantitative Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization to Telomeric DNA in Cells and Tissue

Measurement of telomere length by fluorescent in situ hybridization is widely used for biomedical and epidemiological research, but there has been relatively little development of the technology in the 20 years since it was first reported. This report describes the use of dual gammaPNA (γPNA) probes that hybridize at alternating sites along a telomere and give rise to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) signals. Bright staining of telomeres is observed in nuclei, chromosome spreads and tissue samples. The use of FRET detection also allows for elimination of wash steps, normally required to remove unhybridized probes that would contribute to background signals. We found that these wash steps can diminish the signal intensity through the removal of bound, as well as unbound probes, so eliminating these steps not only accelerates the process but also enhances the quality of staining. Thus, γPNA FRET pairs allow for brighter and faster staining of telomeres in a wide range of research and clinical formats

The Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Bright Fluorescent Probes for Biomolecule Detection

The ability to observe and quantify interactions within a cellular environment has allowed scientist to develop a detailed understanding of biomolecular interactions, in addition to identifying and diagnosing disease states. Advancements in fluorescent probes and imagingtechniques have proven to be instrumental for peering deeper into these molecular interactions in real time. Although fluorescent small molecules are well-established and versatile tools, fine tuning the spectral properties of either the probe or the small molecule is necessary in order toobtain a clear and accurate picture of the desired molecular environment. In this thesis, we develop and explore new fluorescent probes for adaptable, efficient, and sensitive detection assays. The first portion of this thesis looks at manipulating the scaffold of a fluorogenic dye in order to develop a versatile fluorophore to stain non-specifically DNA as well as bind to a promiscuous protein. Fluorogenic dyes are a special class of fluorophores that show distinctlydifferent emission intensities depending on their local environment. When free in a solution, the dye can exploit non-radiative twisting pathways about the central methine bridge; but when in a viscous media or when bound by a biomolecule, this pathway is eliminated and fluorescenceincreases. The fluoromodule spectral range is dependent upon the properties of the chromophore that is bound. In this thesis, we present a series of thiazole orange analogs withvaried substituents and electronic properties, and investigate their spectroscopic properties and their fluorogenic behavior in different solvents and biomolecular environments (e.g. DNA and scFv). It was determined that a 40nm spectral shift could be obtained allowing for a brighter image at common laser wavelengths. The second portion of the thesis focuses on improving hybridization probes targeting nucleic acids. Traditional strategies lack the ability to distinguish bound from unbound probes. In order to minimize background fluorescence from unbound probes we developed a modifiedbinary probe used to label DNA telomeric repeats in fixed cells and tissue. By utilizing γ- modified Peptide Nucleic Acids (γ PNAs), we were able to shorten and simplify the binary probe design with two terminally-labeled γPNA 9-mer probes designed to hybridize in tandem allowing for a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) signal to indicate hybridization to the target. First, the γPNA probes were analyzed for affinity, structure, and fluorescence properties. Next, the γPNA probes were applied for the analysis of telomeric DNA in genomic DNA, as well ascellular imaging using fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH). The final portion of the thesis focuses on enhancing the brightness of hybridization probes. Traditional PNA probes are designed to be complementary to the target and a single dye is covalently attached at the terminus. In this strategy, sensitivity of the probe is dependent on the fluorescent properties of a single dye. In order to enhance the brightness of the probe, we proposed an internal labeling strategy to improve the local concentration of dye per probe.We developed PNA probes with multiple internal fluorescent dyes using the Huisgen-Meldal Sharpless “Click” reaction between an azide-modified fluorescent dye and alkynyl-uracilcontaining PNA. We have synthesized a dye-modified PNA monomer and have incorporated it into a series of oligomers. It was determined that the PNA:DNA duplex stability was not affected by the presence of the dye and only a marginal decrease in fluorescence due to quenching was observed, even when the two dyes were placed in adjacent positions. We have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach, which suggests that several fluorescent dyes can be introduced into a PNA probe at internal positions in order to enhance the brightness of DNA/RNA-targetingPNA probes. We have improved the efficacy of fluorescent probes by altering the structure of a fluorogenic dye, and designing new strategies for nucleic acid hybridization probes. Versatile, brighter, and more accurate probes will ultimately give biologist better tools to diagnose,characterize, and ultimately understand biological interactions at a molecular level. <br

Simulations- und Planungsverfahren zur Modellierung von Einleitungen in kleine Fliessgewaesser Abschlussbericht

Available from TIB Hannover: F01B423 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDeutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, Osnabrueck (Germany)DEGerman

Microwave-assisted synthesis of symmetric and asymmetric viologens

Symmetric and asymmetric viologens were synthesized under the assistance of microwave irradiation in good to excellent yields and in short reaction times Viologens are generally synthesized by N-alkylating 4,4′-bipyridine with alkyl halides. Under conventional heating conditions, however, their synthesis suffers from long reaction times and, often, low yields. In this work, symmetric and asymmetric viologens were synthesized under the assistance of microwave irradiation in good to excellent yields and in short reaction times

Planung des menschengerechten Einsatzes neuer Technologien in der Teilelieferung und Montage von Waermeerzeugern unter Nutzung der organisatorischen Gestaltungsfreiraeume Abschlussbericht zur Vorphase

TIB: D.Dt.F. AC 1000(38,50) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Dieselmotorgetriebene Waermepumpe im kleinen Leistungsbereich fuer die Beheizung und die Brauchwasserversorgung

SIGLEDEGerman