The importance of oral communicative tasks in developing communicative competence

The success of developing communicative competence in teaching speaking is inseparable with the materials or tasks given to the students. The speaking teachers should really pay attention to tasks given that are more focused on oral communicative ones. The tendency of relying on student- centered communicative task is strongly expected to achieve the target of communicative competence development. Absolutely, the oral communicative tasks will activate the students’ interest to communicate their ideas in oral form naturally. They will enjoy their communication process created without much interference of teacher. Negotiation of meaning and management of interaction in their speaking activities will automatically occur well

Influence of Nanopolymer Preparations Based on Chitosan Bombyx Mori on the Germination of Seeds of Wheat Varieties

In recent years, the introduction of nanotechnologies for use in grain growing has been widely spread. The effect of nanopolymer preparations based on chitosan on the laboratory germination of various wheat varieties Krasnodar-99, Oksuv, Dustlik, Semurug, Tezpishar and Istiklol-6 was carried out at the Research Institute of Breeding, Seed Production and Agricultural Technology of Cotton Growing in 2018-2020. The best indicators of laboratory germination had seeds treated with nanopreparations Nanoascorbatchitosan 0.5% (4:1), Polymer-metal complex Cu2+:Ag 8:2 and Nanochitosan 0.5% (90 kDa), which had a higher germination rate than the control and the Daltebu standard for all studied varieties of various origin. The influence of nanopreparations on the length of the aboveground and underground parts of seedlings of wheat varieties Krasnodar-99 and Grom was also studied under phytotron conditions on the 7th day, where the measurements of nanopolymer preparations in the Krasnodar-99 variety exceeded the control in the aerial part by 9.8-15.3mm, and underground at 11.3-17.5mm and standard at 4.9-9.4mm; 8.2-14.4mm, respectively. The same picture was observed in the Grom variety

Chitosan-based Nanosystems as Drug Carriers

The formation and application of polymeric nanomaterials is great demandin science, industry, biotechnology, and medicine due to the possibility ofachieving a significant improvement in the physicochemical, mechanical,and barrier properties of polymers and using them as drug carriers andfillers, which is especially promising for biodegradable polymers such aschitosan and their derivatives. The article presents methods for creatingpolymer nanostructures based on polysaccharides and, in particular,chitosan. Obtaining nanostructured samples of chitosan using theapproaches of chemical transformation and modification of polysaccharidesis an urgent scientific problem, the solution of which makes it possible toobtain new polymer systems of great practical interest. The medical aspectsof the use of polymer carriers based on chitosan for the treatment of variousdiseases are discussed. The unique specificity of the properties of chitosanand nanomaterials derived from it, with the properties inherent in thisnatural polymer, can serve as a promising future, especially in the field ofmedicine