8,568 research outputs found
Pulsar "Drifting"-Subpulse Polarization: No Evidence for Systematic Polarization-Angle Rotations
Polarization-angle density displays are given for pulsars B0809+74 and
B2303+30, which exhibit no evidence of the systematic polarization-angle
rotation within individual subpulses previously reported for these two stars.
The ``drifting'' subpulses of both pulsars exhibit strikingly linear and
circular polarization which appears to reflect the characteristics of two
nearly orthogonally polarized emission ``modes''--along which the severe
average-profile depolarization that is characteristic of their admixture at
comparable overall intensities.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic
Is pulsar B0656+14 a very nearby RRAT source?
The recently discovered RRAT sources are characterized by very bright radio
bursts which, while being periodically related, occur infrequently. We find
bursts with the same characteristics for the known pulsar B0656+14. These
bursts represent pulses from the bright end of an extended smooth pulse-energy
distribution and are shown to be unlike giant pulses, giant micropulses or the
pulses of normal pulsars. The extreme peak-fluxes of the brightest of these
pulses indicates that PSR B0656+14, were it not so near, could only have been
discovered as an RRAT source. Longer observations of the RRATs may reveal that
they, like PSR B0656+14, emit weaker emission in addition to the bursts.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ
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Complete Experimental Structure Determination of the p(3x2)pg Phase of Glycine on Cu{110}
We present a quantitative low energy electron diffraction (LEED) surface-crystallograpic
study of the complete adsorption geometry of glycine adsorbed on Cu{110} in the ordered
p(3Ă—2) phase. The glycine molecules form bonds to the surface through the N atoms of the
amino group and the two O atoms of the de-protonated carboxylate group, each with separate
Cu atoms such that every Cu atom in the first layer is involved in a bond. Laterally, N atoms are
nearest to the atop site (displacement 0.41 Ă…). The O atoms are asymmetrically displaced from
the atop site by 0.54 Ă… and 1.18 Ă… with two very different O-Cu bond lengths of 1.93 Ă… and
2.18 Ă…. The atom positions of the upper-most Cu layers show small relaxations within 0.07 Ă…
of the bulk-truncated surface geometry. The unit cell of the adsorbate layer consists of two
glycine molecules, which are related by a glide-line symmetry operation. This study clearly
shows that a significant coverage of adsorbate structures without this glide-line symmetry must
be rejected, both on the grounds of the energy dependence of the spot intensities (LEED-IV
curves) and of systematic absences in the LEED pattern
Multi-frequency study of the peculiar pulsars PSR B0919+06 and PSR B1859+07
Since their discovery more than 50 years ago, broadband radio studies of
pulsars have generated a wealth of information about the underlying physics of
radio emission. In order to gain some further insights into this elusive
emission mechanism, we performed a multi-frequency study of two very well-known
pulsars, PSR~B0919+06 and PSR~B1859+07. These pulsars show peculiar radio
emission properties whereby the emission shifts to an earlier rotation phase
before returning to the nominal emission phase in a few tens of pulsar
rotations (also known as `swooshes'). We confirm the previous claim that the
emission during the swoosh is not necessarily absent at low frequencies and the
single pulses during a swoosh show varied behaviour at 220~MHz. We also confirm
that in PSR~B0919+06, the pulses during the swoosh show a chromatic dependence
of the maximum offset from the normal emission phase with the offset following
a consistent relationship with observing frequency. We also observe that the
flux density spectrum of the radio profile during the swoosh is inverted
compared to the normal emission. For PSR~B1859+07, we have discovered a new
mode of emission in the pulsar that is potentially quasi-periodic with a
different periodicity than is seen in its swooshes. We invoke an emission model
previously proposed in the literature and show that this simple model can
explain the macroscopic observed characteristics in both pulsars. We also argue
that pulsars that exhibit similar variability on short timescales may have the
same underlying emission mechanism.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRA
Toward An Empirical Theory of Pulsar Emission. VII. On the Spectral Behavior of Conal Beam Radii and Emission Heights
In this paper we return to the old problem of conal component-pair widths and
profile dimensions. Observationally, we consider a set of 10 pulsars with
prominent conal component pairs, for which well measured profiles exist over
the largest frequency range now possible. Apart from some tendency to narrow at
high frequency, the conal components exhibit almost constant widths. We use all
three profile measures, the component separation as well as the outside
half-power and 10% widths, to determine conal beam radii, which are the focus
of our subsequent analysis. These radii at different frequencies are well
fitted by a relationship introduced by Thorsett (1991), but the resulting
parameters are highly correlated. Three different types of behavior are found:
one group of stars exhibits a continuous variation of beam radius which can be
extrapolated down to the stellar surface along the ``last open field lines''; a
second group exhibits beam radii which asymptotically approach a minimum high
frequency value that is 3--5 times larger; and a third set shows almost no
spectral change in beam radius at all. The first two behaviors are associated
with outer-cone component pairs; whereas the constant separation appears to
reflect inner-cone emission.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical
Journal, uses aaste
Spark Model for Pulsar Radiation Modulation Patterns
A non-stationary polar gap model first proposed by Ruderman & Sutherland
(1975) is modified and applied to spark-associated pulsar emission at radio
wave-lengths. It is argued that under physical and geometrical conditions
prevailing above pulsar polar cap, highly non-stationary spark discharges do
not occur at random positions. Instead, sparks should tend to operate in well
determined preferred regions. At any instant the polar cap is populated as
densely as possible with a number of two-dimensional sparks with a
characteristic dimension as well as a typical distance between adjacent sparks
being about the polar gap height. Our model differs, however, markedly from its
original 'hollow cone' version. The key feature is the quasi-central spark
driven by pair production process and anchored to the local pole of a
sunspot-like surface magnetic field. This fixed spark prevents the motion of
other sparks towards the pole, restricting it to slow circumferential drift
across the planes of field lines converging at the local pole. We argue that
the polar spark constitutes the core pulsar emission, and that the annular
rings of drifting sparks contribute to conal components of the pulsar beam. We
found that the number of nested cones in the beam of typical pulsar should not
excced three; a number also found by Mitra & Deshpande (1999) using a
completely different analysis.Comment: 31 pages, 8 figures, accepted by Ap
Probing drifting and nulling mechanisms through their interaction in PSR B0809+74
Both nulling and subpulse drifting are poorly understood phenomena. We probe
their mechanisms by investigating how they interact in PSR B0809+74. We find
that the subpulse drift is not aliased but directly reflects the actual motion
of the subbeams. The carousel-rotation time must then be over 200 seconds,
which is much longer than theoretically predicted.
The drift pattern after nulls differs from the normal one, and using the
absence of aliasing we determine the underlying changes in the subbeam-carousel
geometry. We show that after nulls, the subbeam carousel is smaller, suggesting
that we look deeper in the pulsar magnetosphere than we do normally. The many
striking similarities with emission at higher frequencies, thought to be
emitted lower too, confirm this. The emission-height change as well as the
striking increase in carousel-rotation time can be explained by a post-null
decrease in the polar gap height. This offers a glimpse of the circumstances
needed to make the pulsar turn off so dramatically.Comment: 7 pages, 5 low-res figures, accepted for Astronomy & Astrophysics.
Latest high-res versions available at
http://www.astro.uu.nl/~jleeuwen/preprints/drif-null-0809/ (v2: extended
discussion
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