CASE REPORT: Chorangiophagus Parasiticus: A Rare Case Report

Malformations are common in twin pregency compared to singleton pregnancy. One such rare anomaly is Chorangiophagus parasiticus also known as twin to twin transfusion which is an asymmetric abnormality of monozygotic twins, where asymmetric twin survive by parasitisizing normal twin. It’s a rare condition with an incidence of 1 in 35.000 deliveries. We report such a case with complete autopsy findings

Effect of telmisartan on sub-acute model of inflammation in male Wistar rats - an experimental study

Background: Cardiovascular diseases remain the major cause of death and premature disability in developed societies.Current predictions estimate that by the year 2020 cardiovascular diseases, notably atherosclerosis and hypertension will become leading global causes of total disease burden. The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of telmisartan on sub-acute model of inflammation in adult male Wistar rats.Methods: After obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Animal Ethics Committee, animals were allotted to the three groups i.e. control, aspirin and telmisartan (n=6 animals in each group). The effect of telmisartan on inflammation was studied using sub-acute (Cotton pellet granuloma and histopathologic examination of grass piths) models. Experiment was conducted according to the Committee for the purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) guidelines. Analysis was done using one way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests of Dunnett’s and Bonferroni’s. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: In the present study telmisartan showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in sub-acute models of inflammation.Conclusions: In view of role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and their complications, treatment by telmisartan can reduce complications by virtue of its anti-inflammatory activity, in addition to its antihypertensive effect. Also this study may help to open new avenues for therapeutic indications of telmisartan.

Effect of telmisartan on acute model of inflammation in male Wistar rats: an experimental study

Background: The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of telmisartan on acute model of inflammation in adult male Wistar rats.Methods: After obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Animal Ethics Committee, animals were allotted to the three groups i.e. control, aspirin and telmisartan (n=6 animals in each group). The effect of telmisartan, administered orally, on inflammation was studied using acute (Carrageenan induced rat paw edema) model. Experiment was conducted according to the Committee for the purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) guidelines. Analysis was done using one way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests of Dunnet’s and Bonferroni’s. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Telmisartan, used orally in the present study, showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in acute model of inflammation.Conclusions: In view of role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and their complications, treatment by telmisartan can reduce complications by virtue of its anti-inflammatory activity, in addition to its antihypertensive effect. Also this study may help to open new avenues for therapeutic indications of telmisartan

Chondromyxoid fibroma at an unusual site

Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare tumor, accounting for <1% of all bone tumors. It generally affects the metaphysis of long bones of the lower limbs and involvement of the upper limb is rare. It can be confused with chondroblastoma and chondrosarcoma. Its recognition and differentiation from other tumors are of paramount importance. Here, we report a case of CMF involving the right ring finger

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung: Report of two cases with review of literature

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations (CCAM) also known as congenital pulmonary airway malformation is a developmental, non-hereditary, hamartomatous abnormality of lung with unknown etiology. It is a rare disease with an incidence of 1 in 25,000 to 1 in 35,000. It is a disease of infancy with most of the cases diagnosed within first 2 years of life. We report autopsy findings of two fetuses with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (Stocker Type II and I) with brief review of literature

Cryptogenic Multifocal Ulcerous Stenosing Enteritis: An Exceptionally Rare Disease

Cryptogenic Multifocal Ulcerous Stenosing Enteritis (CMUSE) is a rare idiopathic disease of the small bowel. Its origin and pathophysiology has not been well described. Clinicopathologic features include unexplained ileal strictures with supercial ulceration. We present a case of a 31-year-old HIV positive lady who was admitted with complaints of recurrent abdominal pain and constipation. Laboratory investigations revealed iron deciency anemia. Ultrasonography of the abdomen showed dilated bowel loops and a subsequent barium follow through showed ve strictures in the ileum. Segmental small bowel resection with end-to-end anastomosis was performed. Grossly ileum showed ve ileal strictures. The diagnosis of CMUSE was made on histopathology after ruling out other causes of strictures. The present case highlights the importance of considering CMUSE in patients with chronic or recurrent episodes of intestinal obstruction with multiple small intestinal ulcers and strictures after other common causes have been ruled out

Primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma: A rare malignant neoplasm

Primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma (PCL) is an exceedingly uncommon malignant superficial soft tissue sarcoma with a predilection for middle-aged to elderly male. Morphologic differential diagnosis includes a host of other malignant spindle cell neoplasms, thereby necessitating the use of a panel of immunohistochemical markers to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. We report a case of PCL arising in the right leg of a 70-year-old male

Glomerulogenesis: Can it predict the gestational age? A study of 176 fetuses

Background: Accurate assessment of gestational age of fetuses is essential from both clinical and medico-legal point of view. Crown-rump length, crown-heel length, foot length, and the weight of the fetus are the commonly used parameters for fetal age assessment. However, this estimate often lacks accuracy and sometimes is necessary to combine other data. An analysis of the embryological development of nephrons in the kidney can assist in this determination. Objective : To correlate the gestational age with the histological study of sequential development of nephrons in fetal kidney. Materials and Methods: This study included 176 fetuses delivered between June 2009 and June 2011 and aged from 12 to 40 weeks. The number of glomerular generations counted in hematoxylin and eosin-stained microscopic sections of the kidneys were correlated with the reported period of gestation based on obstetrical methods. Regression analysis was used to determine the statistical significance of the correlation. Results: A high degree of statistically significant correlation was observed between the period of gestation and the number of glomerular generations (P value < 0.0001). Conclusion: The histological assessment of the number of glomerular generations in kidney can be used as a reliable method of estimating fetal age

Amniotic band syndrome: A case report and review of literature

Amniotic band syndrome is a rare disorder with reported incidence of 1 in 15000. The spectrum of the presentation includes a simple Streeter band on one side to multiple anomalies including craniofacial malformation. In the present case, an 18-year-old primigravida with presented with 18 weeks 3 days’ period of gestation and complains of per vaginal leak. A male fetus weighing 520 g with attached umbilical cord measuring 4 cm was received. External examination of the fetus revealed cleft lip with cleft palate, low-set ears, clubfoot on the right side, amputation of left leg 2.3 cm away from the tibial tuberosity and left palm syndactyly. Microscopic examination of the organs was within normal limits. This case is presented with an intention to contribute to the existing literature and to present the range of anomalies that is seen with this condition, with an emphasis on early detection and diagnosis

Anencephaly: A pathological study of 41 cases

Background : Anencephaly is a lethal neural tube defect which is due to the defective closure of rostral pore of neural tube. In more than 50% of cases it is associated with other systemic anomalies. Hence this study was undertaken to assess pathological parameters associated with anencephaly in particular attention to associated systemic anomalies. Materials and Methods: It is a study on 41 anencephaly fetuses conducted in the Department of Pathology. The period of study is from January 2001 to December 2011. Results: Out of 41 cases, 30 (73%) cases showed presence of systemic anomalies, 48.5% of the cases were observed in primigravida. Most common associated anomaly was spina bifida followed by gastrointestinal anomalies. Conclusion: Pathological examination of the abortus is essential to document the associated anomalies