Nano-Scaled Fet Device For Cmos Technology

In this work the 3-D structure of the Accumulation mode (ACM) and Enhance mode (ECM) FinFET was developed by the Taurus-Device Editor. The design of both ACM and ECM FinFET was optimized for high-performance IC applications to meet ITRS specification for Ioff current, for 9nm gate length. The design of ACM and ECM FinFET is optimized, analyzed and compared against each other with respect to Darin Induced Barrier Lower (DIBL), Sub-threshold Swing(SS), operation and performance characteristics with varying electrical and physical parameters Silicon thickness (Tsi), Source/Drain doping gradient (σsd), electrical channel length (Leff ), lacer spacer width (Lsp) and Source/Drain Contact Resistance (rsd). Finally, both designs were optimized for 9nm gate length for on current (Ion) to meet ITRS specifications for Ioff. The simulation solves and includes Poisson, drift-diffusion transport equation and 3D-Schrodinger equation self-consistently

The red hearing: swollen ear in a patient with ulcerative colitis

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare connective tissue disease of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent inflammation, degeneration and deformity of auricular cartilage. The autoimmune inflammation may also affect cartilage at other sites including nose, larynx, trachea and bronchi. Here, we present a case of relapsing polychondritis in a patient with ulcerative colitis. We also review the presentation, diagnosis and management of this condition

An unusual cause of hypoglycemia in a middle-aged female after bariatric surgery

Non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS) is a disorder characterized by postprandial hypoglycemia and islet cell hypertrophy. It is an uncommon complication of weight-loss surgery. However, with the rising incidence of gastric bypass surgeries, it is important to be able to recognize the clinical picture of NIPHS and not to incorrectly ascribe the symptoms to late dumping syndrome

Metamorphic Evolution of the Amphibolites from Bundelkhand Craton, Central India: P-T Constraints and Phase Equilibrium Modelling

The amphibolites from the Mauranipur and Babina regions are located in the central part of the Bundelkhand Craton (BuC), northern India. During the geodynamic evolution of the BuC, these amphibolites underwent medium-grade metamorphism. This study combines textural observations of amphibolites from two distinct regions (Mauranipur and Babina) with mineral chemistry and phase equilibrium modelling. Observations suggest that the amphibolites of both areas have gone through three stages of metamorphism. The pre-peak stage in the amphibolites from the Mauranipur and Babina regions is marked by the assemblages Ep-AmpCpx-Pl-Ilm-Ru-Qz and Ep-Amp-Cpx-Pl-Ab-Ilm-Qz respectively; the peak metamorphic stage is characterized by the mineral assemblages Amp-CpxPl-Ilm-Ru-Qz and Amp-Cpx-Pl-Ilm-Qz-H2O, which is formed during the burial process, and the post-peak stage is represented by the assemblages Amp-Pl-Ilm-Ru-Qz and Amp-Pl-Ilm-Qz-H2O respectively, which is formed by exhumation event. By applying the phase equilibria modelling in the NCFMASHTO system, the P-T conditions estimated from pre-peak, peak to post-peak stages are characterized as 6.7 kbar/510 ℃, 7.3 kbar/578 ºC and > 3.0 kbar/>585 ºC, respectively, for the Mauranipur amphibolites; and 6.27 kbar/520 ºC, 5.2 kbar/805 ºC and > 3.0 kbar/>640 ºC respectively for Babina amphibolites. The textural association and P-T conditions of both amphibolites suggest that these rocks were affected by burial metamorphism followed by an exhumation process during subduction tectonism in the BuC

Experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients presenting with acute cholecystitis at different duration

Background: Acute inflammation of a gall bladder that contains stones is acute calculous cholecystitis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now the gold standard treatment for patients with gall stone disease. laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis was initially considered technically challenging and potentially risky for the patient. Aim was to evaluate results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients presenting with acute cholecystitis at different duration in a tertiary centre in eastern India.Methods: Comparative study of 71 cases of acute cholecystitis who presented at different days and were treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Outcome was compared.Results: The incidence of conversion to open was 12.6%. Day of presentation 5 to 7 had the maximum 21% risk of conversion. Major intraoperative complications included 4 cases of common bile duct injury, 4 cases of vascular injury and 3 cases of bowel injury out of which vascular injury and one case of bowel injury was managed laparoscopically. 9 cases converted to open surgery. patient with DOP 1, 2 and 3 had an average hospital stays of 3 days. It was 5 for those with DOP 4 and 7 days for patients with DOP 5 to 7.Conclusions: The study supports laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis specially in patients presenting within 72 hours of onset of pain. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be attempted in patients who present at DOP 4 and DOP 5 to7 after explaining them the risk and benefit of the procedure to the patient. Conversion to open surgery should not be stigmatized

Boragaon: Amid Guwahati's Waste is a Neglected Ecosystem of People and Animals

Waste is often considered a great nuisance – but it can also be a source of livelihoods and sustenance in its own right. A big thorn in Guwahati’s side is its municipal waste, and the public dialogue over its Boragaon landfill is currently caught between urban development and ecological and public health. Yet there exists a third group with its own interests that both civil society and policymakers need to acknowledge and plan for

Correlation of serology with morphological changes in gastric biopsy of H. pylori infection

Background: Helicobacter pylori is involved in many gastrodeudonal complications and many diagnostic tests are available for its identification. The present study was done with the objective to evaluate the morphological changes induced by H. pylori in the gastric mucosa and to correlate them with the severity of the infection.Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. 60 patients with symptoms of dyspepsia and requiring an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included in the study. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed on all patients. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining (H and E), modified Giemsa staining were performed on tissue sections and examined microscopically for gastritis and presence and absence of H. pylori.Results: Out of 60 patients, 33 were male and 27 were females. Serology by immunochromatography technique was positive in 41 patients. Serology was found to have a sensitivity and specificity of 90.90% and 59.25% respectively. H. pylori was positive in 28 cases on H and E. With a sensitivity and specificity of 84.84% and 100% respectively. H. pylori was positive in 33 cases on modified Giemsa with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%.Conclusions: Simultaneous morphologic and serological detection of H. pylori helps in its complete distribution and identification of its precancerous morphological nature

Agronomic efficiency and productivity of transplanted kharif rice (Oryza sativa) as influenced by fertilizer briquettes

An experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2022 at the research farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam to evaluate the effect of fertilizer briquettes on growth and productivity of transplanted rice. The field experiment was laid out in RBD comprising of 13 treatments, replicated thrice. Growth of rice, panicles/m2 and yield were subjected to significant variation under different fertilizer management practices. Higher plant height, tillers/ m2, panicles/m2, yield and agronomic efficiency were recorded under FDP, 120% RDN + 100% P and K + ZnSO4 @10 kg/ha + biofertilizer (T12). This might be owing to reduced losses  of nutrients and efficient uptake by plants compared to broadcasted method of fertilizer application where most of the applied fertilizers were susceptible to various losses availing lesser amount of nutrients for crop uptake

Microbial biosorbent for remediation of dyes and heavy metals pollution: A green strategy for sustainable environment

Toxic wastes like heavy metals and dyes are released into the environment as a direct result of industrialization and technological progress. The biosorption of contaminants utilizes a variety of biomaterials. Biosorbents can adsorb toxic pollutants on their surface through various mechanisms like complexation, precipitation, etc. The quantity of sorption sites that are accessible on the surface of the biosorbent affects its effectiveness. Biosorption’s low cost, high efficiency, lack of nutrient requirements, and ability to regenerate the biosorbent are its main advantages over other treatment methods. Optimization of environmental conditions like temperature, pH, nutrient availability, and other factors is a prerequisite to achieving optimal biosorbent performance. Recent strategies include nanomaterials, genetic engineering, and biofilm-based remediation for various types of pollutants. The removal of hazardous dyes and heavy metals from wastewater using biosorbents is a strategy that is both efficient and sustainable. This review provides a perspective on the existing literature and brings it up-to-date by including the latest research and findings in the field