Determinan Stunting pada Balita di Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Selatan Kota Padangsidimpuan : Determinants of Stunting in Toddlers in South Padangsidimpuan District, Padangsidimpuan City

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah gizi dan kesehatan secara global baik di negara maju maupun negara berkembang. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 24,2% dan Sumatera Utara 25,8% serta Kota Padangsidimpuan 32,1%. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor determinan stunting pada balita di Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Selatan Kota Padangsidimpuan Metode: Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Selatan pada bulan November sampai dengan Desember 2022. Populasi pada penelitian ini seluruh balita yang ada di kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Selatan sebanyak 6.120 balita dan sampel adalah sebagian balita yang ada di kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Selatan yang ditentutakan dengan menggunakan rumus besar sampel Yamane sebanyak 375 balita dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara Quota Sampling dan simple random sampling. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa Panjang badan lahir (p=0,001), berat badan lahir (p=0,020), status ekonomi (p=0,001) berhubungan kejadian stunting pada balita dan variabel yang paling berhubungan adalah panjang badan lahir dengan Exp (B) =7,371. Kesimpulan: Ditemukan bahwa kejadian stunting pada balita disebabkan oleh faktor panjang badan lahir, berat badan lahir jarak kelahiran dan status ekonomi. Sehingga diperlukan upaya pencegahan stunting yang proaktif dengan menggerakkan keluarga balita untuk aktif memanfaatkan posyandu

Developing Family Life Support Model Towards Stunting Children Born Through Sectio Caesarea in Padangsidimpuan City, Indonesia

One of the effects of stunting phenomenon in the future is having higher risk of experiencing sectio caesarea labor because it is correlated to the unideal size of the pelvis of adult women with short height. This study aims at analyzing and evaluating the effect of family life support model towards stunting child’s family before and after intervention by implementing family life support model education. The design of this research was quasi experimental research with non-equivalent control group design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. This study was conducted in South Padangsidimpuan District, Padangsidimpuan City for five months from June to October 2022. The research intervention was done for three months by distributing leaflets; there was visit or monitoring using research questionnaire and anthropometric measurement each month. The collected data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses using SPSS and independent t-test as the parametric test. This research discovered that there were differences in knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (p=0.000), and behavior (p=0.000), both in the treatment group and in the control group so that there was a change on the family’s nutrition behavior before and after being intervened using family life support model-based stunting leaflet. After being intervened, it was noticed that there was a meaningful difference on the knowledge, attitude, and behavior at the same time on both groups (p=0.000 < 0.05). The conclusion of this research finding delivers the evidence that intervention to decrease stunting for the respondents also has to consider the parents’ height, age, and parity, especially if it is their first pregnancy and if the parents have short height or are young. An adequate family-based nutrition education program to support the respondents and monitor children’s height since birth will help preventing stunting in the future