Just for Fun

A simple quiz to test your knowledge of wood products. Match the product on the left with its source on the right. Good luck

An oceanographic characterizations of the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary and Pacific Northwest: interpretive summary of ocean climate and regional processes through satellite remote sensing

This report presents the results of a two-year investigation and summary of oceanographic satellite data obtained from multiple operational data providers and sources, spanning years of operational data collection. Long-term summaries of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and SST fronts, Sea Surface Height Anomalies (SSHA), surface currents, ocean color chlorophyll and turbidity, and winds are provided. Merged satellite oceanographic data revealed information on: (1) seasonal cycles and timing of transition periods; (2) linkages between seasonal effects (warming and cooling), upwelling processes and transport; and (3) nutrient/sediment sources, sinks, and physical limiting factors controlling surface response for Olympic Coast marine environments. These data and information can be used for building relevant hind cast models, ecological forecasts, and regional environmental indices (e.g. upwelling, climate, “hot spot”) on biological distribution and/or response in the PNW

Transformational Mentoring: An Experimental Process for Aligning Student Learning with Business Realities

The purpose of this paper is to describe an experimental student learning process, document preliminary efforts to assess the learning outcomes, and suggest avenues for future research. The primary objective of the approach was to significantly increase student learning through the implementation of transformational mentoring techniques. These techniques were applied as students worked with an actual business in an effort to improve its market position and revenue

Investigation of a new resin as an exterior adhesive to bond high moisture content veneers

A new carbohydrate-phenol based resorcinol resin (CPR resin) was synthesized by end capping a known carbohydrate-phenol based resole with resorcinol under basic reaction conditions. Synthetic parameters, such as duration of cook, pH, and the amount of resorcinol and formaldehyde were varied to produce resins with molecular weights (Mw) ranging from 1500 to 8000. These resins were tested for suitability as fast curing thermosetting adhesives to bond high moisture content veneers and as a cold-setting adhesive for producing glu-lam. The resin formulation which produced the best wood failure results was made with a glucose: urea: phenol: formaldehyde: resorcinol mole ratio of 1:0.75:1:2.0:1.3. When this resin (Mw 4776) was combined with liquid formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, and walnut shell flour it exhibited a viscosity of 12,000 centipoise and a gel time of 35 minutes at room temperature. This adhesive was able to bond 18% moisture content veneers into 10" by 10" 3-ply plywood panels and lumber laminates into glu-lam panels. Plywood panels were produced with a glue spread ranging from 45 to 70 #/MDGL with pressing conditions of 175 psi and 285°F for 8 minutes. Microscopic observations of plywood gluelines showed severe wood fiber compression in the high moisture content veneers. Shear tests of specimens gave an average wood failure value of 85% after vacuum-pressure conditioning in water and a 75% average after boiling. The low value for the boil test seems to be related to the high moisture content of the veneers because cured adhesive samples were found to be insoluble in water. Wood failure values greater than 90% were obtained from shear specimens of the glu-lam panels for three conditioning methods (dry, vacuum-pressure, and boil). Carbon-13 NMR spectra of the CPR resins synthesized in this study showed that the glucosyl moiety is still intact in the polymer, perhaps as a glucosylurea derivative. This result is in contrast to some previous work which suggested furan polymers would be formed under the conditions used here. These CPR resins show excellent potential for use in gluing high moisture content veneers and in glu-lam applications

Lux et Lex: Volume 1, Number 2

This issue of Lux et Lex, a publication of the Chester Fritz Library at the University of North Dakota, was published in April 1991

Biogeographic characterization of fish communities and associated benthic habitats within the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary: sampling design and implementation of scuba surveys on the coral caps

The Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) is located in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico approximately 180 km south of Galveston, Texas. The sanctuary’s distance from shore combined with its depth (the coral caps reach to within approximately 17 m of the surface) result in limited exposure of this coral reef ecosystem to natural and human-induced impacts compared to other coral reefs of the western Atlantic. In spite of this, the sanctuary still confronts serious impacts including hurricanes events, recent outbreaks of coral disease, an increase in the frequency of coral bleaching and the massive Diadema antillarum die-off during the mid-1980s. Anthropogenic impacts include large vessel anchoring, commercial and recreational fishing, recreational scuba diving, and oil and gas related activities. The FGBNMS was designated in 1992 to help protect against some of these impacts. Basic monitoring and research efforts have been conducted on the banks since the 1970s. Early on, these efforts focused primarily on describing the benthic communities (corals, sponges) and providing qualitative characterizations of the fish community. Subsequently, more quantitative work has been conducted; however, it has been limited in spatial scope. To complement these efforts, the current study addresses the following two goals put forth by sanctuary management: 1) to develop a sampling design for monitoring benthic fish communities across the coral caps; and 2) to obtain a spatial and quantitative characterization of those communities and their associated habitats

Differential Effects of Aging and Alzheimer's Disease on Medial Temporal Lobe Cortical Thickness and Surface Area

The volume of parcellated conical regions is a composite measure related to both thickness and surface area. It is not clear whether volumetric decreases in medial temporal lobe (MTL) cortical regions in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are due to thinning, loss of surface area, or both, nor is it clear whether aging and AD differ in their effects on these properties. Participants included 28 Younger Normals, 47 Older Normals, and 29 patients with mild AD. T1-weighted MRI data were analyzed using a novel semi-automated protocol (presented in a companion article) to delineate the boundaries of entorhinal (ERC), perirhinal (PRC), and posterior parahippocampal (PPHC) cortical regions and calculate their mean thickness, surface area, and volume. Compared to Younger Normals, Older Normals demonstrated moderately reduced ERC and PPHC volumes, which were due primarily to reduced surface area. In contrast. the expected AD-related reduction in ERC volume was produced by a large reduction in thickness with minimal additional effect (beyond that of aging) on surface area. PRC and PPHC also showed large AD-related reductions in thickness. Of all these MTL morphometric measures, ERC and PRC thinning were the best predictors of poorer episodic memory performance in AD. Although the volumes of MTL cortical regions may decrease with both aging and AD, thickness is relatively preserved in normal aging, while even in its mild clinical stage, AD is associated with a large degree of thinning of MTL cortex. These differential morphometric effects of aging and AD may reflect distinct biologic processes and ultimately may provide insights into the anatomic substrates of change in memory-related functions of MTL cortex.Psycholog