1,341 research outputs found
An improved method to test the Distance--Duality relation
Many researchers have performed cosmological-model-independent tests for the
distance duality (DD) relation. Theoretical work has been conducted based on
the results of these tests. However, we find that almost all of these tests
were perhaps not cosmological-model-independent after all, because the distance
moduli taken from a given type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) compilation are dependent
on a given cosmological model and Hubble constant. In this Letter, we overcome
these defects and by creating a new cosmological-model-independent test for the
DD relation. We use the original data from the Union2 SNe Ia compilation and
the angular diameter distances from two galaxy cluster samples compiled by De
Filippis et al. and Bonamente et al. to test the DD relation. Our results
suggest that the DD relation is compatible with observations, and the spherical
model is slightly better than the elliptical model at describing the intrinsic
shape of galaxy clusters if the DD relation is valid. However, these results
are different from those of previous work.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, published on ApJ
Direct reconstruction of dynamical dark energy from observational Hubble parameter data
Reconstructing the evolution history of the dark energy equation of state
parameter directly from observational data is highly valuable in
cosmology, since it contains substantial clues in understanding the nature of
the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Many works have focused on
reconstructing using Type Ia supernova data, however, only a few studies
pay attention to Hubble parameter data. In the present work, we explore the
merit of Hubble parameter data and make an attempt to reconstruct from
them through the principle component analysis approach. We find that current
Hubble parameter data perform well in reconstructing ; though, when
compared to supernova data, the data are scant and their quality is worse. Both
CDM and evolving models can be constrained within at
redshifts
and even at redshifts 0.1 z 1 by
using simulated data of observational quality.Comment: 25 pages, 11 figure
Capitalisation of research and development investment and enterprise value: a study on the threshold effect based on level of financialisation
This study uses a mathematical model to explore how enterprises’
financialisation levels affect the role of research and development
(R&D) investment capitalisation in enterprise value. We construct
a mathematical model involving the financialisation level, capitalised
R&D investment, and enterprise value. The sample comprises
A-share listed companies that disclosed the capitalisation of R&D
investment in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from
2014 to 2020. The results suggest that R&D investment capitalisation
positively impacts enterprise value, especially in the current
phase. With financialisation level as the threshold variable, R&D
investment capitalisation has a double threshold effect on enterprise
value in the current and next phases. Additionally, corporate
financial investment behaviour has a timely impact on capitalised
R&D investment but does not significantly impact enterprise value
in a future phase. Enterprises evidently choose financial investment
to enhance enterprise value by increasing capitalised R&D
investment. These results can help enterprises formulate financial
asset investment strategies and promote their development from
virtual to real. The government should standardise enterprises’
financial investment behaviour, prevent excessive financialisation,
and promote high-quality development of the real economy
Longitudinal optical conductivities for tilted Weyl fermions in arbitrary dimensionality
The unified form of longitudinal optical conductivities (LOCs) for tilted
Weyl fermions in arbitrary spatial dimensionality is analytically calculated
and expressed in terms of the joint density of state. The results are valid for
both undoped and doped cases, both parallel and perpendicular components with
respect to the tilting direction, and all the tilted phases. In addition, they
automatically reproduce the analytical results of previous works for
one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional tilted Weyl systems.
Our work provides not only a once-for-all method prior to the one-by-one
calculation of LOCs but also deep insights into the impacts of spatial
dimensionality in the tilted Weyl fermions.Comment: 4 pages, no figure
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