Reconciling Synthesis and Decomposition: A Composite Approach to Capability Identification

Stakeholders' expectations and technology constantly evolve during the lengthy development cycles of a large-scale computer based system. Consequently, the traditional approach of baselining requirements results in an unsatisfactory system because it is ill-equipped to accommodate such change. In contrast, systems constructed on the basis of Capabilities are more change-tolerant; Capabilities are functional abstractions that are neither as amorphous as user needs nor as rigid as system requirements. Alternatively, Capabilities are aggregates that capture desired functionality from the users' needs, and are designed to exhibit desirable software engineering characteristics of high cohesion, low coupling and optimum abstraction levels. To formulate these functional abstractions we develop and investigate two algorithms for Capability identification: Synthesis and Decomposition. The synthesis algorithm aggregates detailed rudimentary elements of the system to form Capabilities. In contrast, the decomposition algorithm determines Capabilities by recursively partitioning the overall mission of the system into more detailed entities. Empirical analysis on a small computer based library system reveals that neither approach is sufficient by itself. However, a composite algorithm based on a complementary approach reconciling the two polar perspectives results in a more feasible set of Capabilities. In particular, the composite algorithm formulates Capabilities using the cohesion and coupling measures as defined by the decomposition algorithm and the abstraction level as determined by the synthesis algorithm.Comment: This paper appears in the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS); 10 pages, 9 figure

A Modified Frame Difference Method Using Correlation Coefficient for Background Subtraction

AbstractBackground subtraction is one of the most important step in video surveillance which is used in a number of real life applications such as surveillance, human machine interaction, optical motion capture and intelligent visual observation of animals, insects. Background subtraction is one of the preliminary stages which are used to differentiate the foreground objects from the relatively stationary background. Normally a pixel is considered as foreground if its value is greater than its value in the reference image. Hence, every pixel has to be compared to find the foreground and background pixel. This paper presents a technique which improves the frame difference method by first classifying the blocks in the frame as background and others using correlation coefficient. Further refinement is performed by performing pixel-level classification on blocks which are not considered as background. Experiments are conducted on standard data-sets and the performance measures shows good results in some critical conditions

Influence of textile effluent on the Reaction, Structure and Properties of

The transformation of industrial wastes into useful products attracts more researches to work upon for sustainable of natural resources. In this paper, industrial wastes such as treated textile effluent and fly ash were used in the preparation of plain cement concrete with the intention of reducing the environmental pollution caused by these materials. The partially treated textile effluent was used as mixing water and fly ash was used as 30% partial replacement by weight of cement in concrete. The textile effluents were collected after anaerobic treatment and tertiary treatment from textile industry. Class F Fly ash was collected from Mettur thermal power plant. The physical and chemical properties of treated textile effluent were studied. The control concrete was prepared with potable water available in the laboratory. Experimental test was performed for compressive strength of concrete at 28 days. The powdered concrete samples were examined through infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy to study the microstructure of concrete. The compressive strength test results revealed that anaerobic effluent water (AAE) concrete accomplished higher compressive strength than control concrete. This was also in affirmation with microscopic analysis in which the formations of hydration products were well established when compared to control concrete

Flow Secure Message in Parity Matrix

The goal of security is confidential ,integrity and availability to decrypt the messages.In recent years,many researchers has said about how to secure high-value data on hard disk.proposed system explains about the high grade cryptosystem one which even an attacker possessing both a copy of your encryption engine and knowledge of your operation. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15014

ASSESSMENT OF MEDICATION ERRORS IN PEDIATRICINPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF A PRIVATE HOSPITAL

Objective: To assess the overall rate and incidence of medication errors in pediatric inpatients and to determine the importance of pharmacist participation in medication errors.Methods: A prospective observational study has been conducted in a ‘private childrens hospital' for 6 mo at Warangal, Telangana. Patients who are ≤18 ywere considered. Data was collected from patient records, direct communication with patient and their care givers.Results: Among 400 patients with 2,461 medication orders,1381(56%) errors were found. Patients were more exposed to AME(33.7) caused by the nursing staff, followed by PME-21.5,CME-0.6,DME-0.2 in incidence with the 95% CI.Conclusion: Pediatric patients are more exposed to administration errors and prescribing errors. Pediatricians and Pharmacists should develop effective programs for safe administration of medications, report medication errors, eliminate barriers in reporting medication errors, encourage a non-punitive reporting culture and create an environment of medication safety for all hospitalized pediatric patient

A comparative study of efficacy of two different regimens of vaginal misoprostol in first trimester termination of pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Misoprostol has been authorised as an effective medication for termination of pregnancy at different gestations, cervical ripening, labour inducing in term pregnancy, and possibly therapy of postpartum haemorrhage in the last two decades. Objectives were to compare the efficacy of two different regimens of vaginal misoprostol in first trimester termination of pregnancy. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted among 50 women in the reproductive age group with single live intrauterine gestation less than 12 weeks. All patients including both groups received mifepristone 200 mg oral administration as day 1 followed by group A received misoprostol 800 mg stat after 36 hours of mifepristone and group B received misoprostol 400 mg stat after 36 hours of mifepristone followed by 200 mg at 6 hourly 2 doses. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 26.48±3.77 and 24.72±3.33 in group A and B respectively. The 20% and 16% in group A had repeat dose and dilatation and curettage (D and C) done whereas only 8% had D and C done in group B. There was no significant difference between the prevalence side effects between the groups. Group B showed higher dissatisfaction than group A. The 36% and 8% of the study participants in group A and B respectively had incomplete abortion. Conclusions: Multidose regimen is found to be more effective in the first trimester termination of pregnancy than the single dose regimen