Ácaros fitófagos asociados a frutales en la zona centro de Nayarit

La mayoria de los ácaros se alimentan de los envases de las hojas cerca de la periferia y ocacionan enroscamiento de los brotes; Provocan clorosis, defoliacion y un daño en el fruto, impidiendo que este madure. Los antropófagos se unen a los chupadores de savia como los ácaros, producen desórdenes histológicos que dependen principalmente de la longitud de estiletes, del tiempo de alimentación, de la densidad de problemas y de las características de la planta huésped.La mayoria de los ácaros se alimentan del envés de las hojas cerca de la periferia y ocacionan enroscamiento de los brotes; provocan clorosis, defoliacion y un daño en el fruto, impidiendo que este madure. Los antrópodos fitófagos chupadores de savia como los ácaros, producen desórdenes histológicos que dependen principalmente de la longitud de sus estiletes, del tiempo de alimentación, de la densidad de problación y de las características de la planta hospedera

Benzene, toluene, and o-xylene degradation by free and immobilized P. putida F1 of postconsumer agave-fiber/polymer foamed composites

Benzene, toluene, and o-xylene (BTX) degradation by immobilized Pseudomonas putida F1 of postconsumer agave-fiber/polymer foamed-composites (AFPFC) and suspended cultures was studied under controlled conditions. Analyses using FTIR-ATR and SEM showed that P. putida F1 adhered onto the composite surface and developed a biofilm. In this sense, the AFPFC were successfully used as a support for bacterial immobilization. Both systems, immobilized and suspended cells of P. putida F1, were able to completely degrade benzene and toluene from initial concentrations of 15, 30, 60, and 90mgl-1. An inhibitory effect of the intermediary catechol from benzene degradation was observed in suspended cultures but it was not presented in the immobilized system. The degradation of o-xylene was partially accomplished in both systems. The Monod equation was used to model the experimental data obtained from the biodegradation kinetics, and they were adequately described with this model. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd

Glucocorticoids in the prefrontal cortex enhance memory consolidation and impair working memory by a common neural mechanism

It is well established that acute administration of adrenocortical hormones enhances the consolidation of memories of emotional experiences and, concurrently, impairs working memory. These different glucocorticoid effects on these two memory functions have generally been considered to be independently regulated processes. Here we report that a glucocorticoid receptor agonist administered into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of male Sprague-Dawley rats both enhances memory consolidation and impairs working memory. Both memory effects are mediated by activation of a membrane-bound steroid receptor and depend on noradrenergic activity within the mPFC to increase levels of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. These findings provide direct evidence that glucocorticoid effects on both memory consolidation and working memory share a common neural influence within the mPFC