Formación de Entrenadores de Fútbol Base en el Proyecto PAPA

El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido doble: (1) Describir las características del programa de formación motivacional para entrenadores Empowering CoachingTM, desarrollado en el marco del proyecto europeo PAPA (Promoting Adolescents Physical Activity) y (2) Analizar la percepción que tuvieron los entrenadores de futbol base sobre los talleres de formación de dicho programa y sus repercusiones, en dos momentos distintos, una vez finalizado el taller y un año después. Un total de 521 entrenadores de fútbol base de los cinco países participantes (España, Francia, Grecia, Inglaterra y Noruega) asistieron a los talleres Empowering CoachingTM. De estos entrenadores 105 acudieron a los talleres realizados en España (77 en la Comunidad Valenciana y 28 en Cataluña). En la fase de seguimiento participaron un total de 52 entrenadores de fútbol base de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los análisis de los cuestionarios de satisfacción con el taller y de puesta en práctica y barreras mostraron que los entrenadores lograron aplicar lo aprendido en el taller en su actividad laboral. Asimismo, la formación recibida en los talleres Empowering CoachingTM fue percibida como novedosa y les hizo replantear sus ideas sobre el entrenamiento. La totalidad de los entrenadores de fútbol base asistentes a los talleres informaron entender y poder integrar en sus entrenamientos y partidos los principios de Empowering CoachingTM, para convertirse en entrenadores empowering. Por último, la práctica totalidad de los entrenadores de fútbol base informaron no haber tenido dificultad para crear un clima empowering en sus equipos, habiendo encontrado las mayores dificultades en los padres.The aim of the present work was twofold: (1) To describe the features of the motivational education program for coaches Empowering CoachingTM, implemented in the European Project PAPA (Promoting Adolescent Physical Activity) and (2) To assess Spanish grassroots coaches' perception on the education workshops of the program as well as its implications at two different times, once the workshop had finished and after one year. 521 grassroots coaches from five participant countries (Spain, France, Greece, England and Norway) attended the Empowering CoachingTM workshops. Among them, 105 were from Spain (77 from the Valencian Community and 28 from Catalonia). In the follow-up data collection, 52 grassroots coaches from the Valencian Community participated. Questionnaires assessing satisfaction with the workshop, implementation, and barriers revealed that coaches were able to apply the workshop contents in their daily practice. Moreover, what was learned at the Empowering CoachingTM workshops was perceived to be innovative and made the coaches rethink their ideas about training. All of the grassroots coaches attending the workshops reported understanding and feeling able to integrate the Empowering CoachingTM principles in their practices and games, thus feeling able to become empowering coaches. Almost all coaches also reported not having difficulties to create empowering climates in their teams, finding the main difficulties with parents.O objectivo do presente trabalho foi duplo: (1) Descrever as características do programa de formação motivacional para treinadores Empowering CoachingTM, aplicado no âmbito do projecto europeu PAPA (Promoting Adolescents Physical Activity) e (2) Analisar a percepção que tiveram os treinadores de futebol de formação espanhóis sobre as acções de formação desse programa e as suas repercussões, em dois momentos distintos, uma vez finalizada a formação e um ano depois. Um total de 521 treinadores de futebol de formação dos cinco países participantes (Espanha, França, Grécia, Inglaterra e Noruega) assistiram às acções de formação Empowering CoachingTM. Destes treinadores, 105 assistiram às acções realizadas em Espanha (77 na Comunidade Valenciana e 28 na Catalunha). Na fase de follow-up participaram um total de 52 treinadores de futebol de formação da Comunidade Valenciana. As análises dos questionários de satisfação com a acção de formação e de aplicação e barreiras revelaram que os treinadores conseguiram aplicar na sua actividade o aprendido na acção de formação. De igual modo, a formação recebida nas acções Empowering CoachingTM foi percebida como inovadora, o que levou os treinadores a reformular a sua concepção de treino. A totalidade dos treinadores de futebol que assistiram as acções de formação reportaram entender e poder integrar nos seus treinos e competições os principios do Empowering CoachingTM, de forma a converterem-se em treinadores empowering. Por último, a quase totalidade dos treinadores de futebol de formação afirmaram não terem tido dificuldade em criar um clima empowering nas suas equipas, tendo encontrado as maiores dificuldades nos pais

Enclosure acoustics considerations for the study of the effect of noise on fish

Comunicación presentada en el 54º Congreso Español de Acústica – TECNIACÚSTICA 2023, Cuenca, 18-20 de octubre de 2023.El estudio del comportamiento de los peces resulta extremadamente complicado en un entorno de libertad, especialmente si hablamos de su exposición a diferentes fuentes sonoras. Por este motivo, de las investigaciones en marcha son llevadas a cabo en el seno de un laboratorio, bien en peceras o bien en tanques, teniendo así un entorno controlado donde monitorizar continuamente el comportamiento de las muestras. Sin embargo, un recinto confinado difiere considerablemente de un espacio abierto. Mientras que un pez en libertad estará sometido por norma general a un campo sonoro libre, cuando hablamos de un recinto cerrado las condiciones cambian notablemente.Studying the behaviour of fish is extremely difficult in a free environment, especially when it comes to their exposure to different sound sources. For this reason, existing research is carried out in a laboratory, either in fish tanks or in tanks, thus having a controlled environment in which the behaviour of the samples can be continuously monitored. However, a confined enclosure differs considerably from an open space. While a fish in the wild will generally be subjected to a free sound field, when we talk about an enclosed area the conditions change markedly.This research was financed by the European Union Next Generation EU and FEDER funds under the projects PCI2022-135081-2 and PID2021-127426OB-C22 of the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain, respectively

In vitro release of arachidonic acid metabolites glutathione peroxidase, and oxygen-free radicals from platelets of asthmatic patients with and whithout aspirin intolerance

Background: An abnormal platelet release of oxygen-free radicals has been described in acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)-induced asthma, a finding which might suggest the existence of an intrinsic, specific platelet abnormality of arachidonic acid metabolism in these patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate platelet arachidonic acid metabolism in asthmatic patients with or without intolerance to aspirin. Methods: Thirty subjects distributed into three groups were studied: group 1, 10 healthy subjects; group 2, 10 asthmatic patients with aspirin tolerance; and group 3, 10 aspirin-intolerant asthmatics. Platelets were isolated from blood, preincubated with 3H-arachidonic acid for 30 minutes and then incubated for 10 minutes with platelet activating factor (PAF) and aspirin. Cyclo-oxygenase (thromboxane, PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and HHT) and lipoxygenase (12-HETE) arachidonic acid metabolites were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. Release of oxygen free radicals after incubation with PAF and aspirin was measured by chemiluminescence. Platelet levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were also measured using spectrophotometry. Results: Platelets from aspirin-intolerant asthmatic patients produced higher quantities of arachidonic acid metabolites than the control group at baseline conditions. This increase was significant only for lipoxygenase products. No differences were found amongst the three groups in the response of arachidonic acid metabolism to PAF and aspirin. Incubation with aspirin but not with PAF caused an increase in oxygen-free radical production in aspirin-intolerant patients whereas in aspirin-tolerant patients PAF, rather than aspirin, was the more potent stimulus for oxygen-free radical production. No differences in GSH-Px levels were found amongst the three groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that the platelet lipoxygenase pathway is activated in aspirin-intolerant patients and that the production of oxygen-free radicals may differentiate aspirin-tolerant from aspirin-intolerant asthmatic subjects. Our study, however, does not support the hypothesis that an increase in lipoxygenase products may be responsible for oxygen-free radical production. Moreover, a lowered platelet GSH-Px activity does not seem to be involved in this phenomenon

Development of a Teaching Program on The State of the Salt Ingestion Which Prevents Heatstroke and High Blood Pressure

In vitro enzymatic profiles for tofacitinib and PIK-294. (DOC 35 kb

Definiciones de discapacidad en España: un análisis de la normativa y la legislación más relevante

INICO. Informes del Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunida

La importancia de la Escucha Activa en la intervención Enfermera

Objectives: To evaluate the users' perception on some aspects (aptitude and attitude) related to active listening during the period of hospitalization. Material and methods:Bibliographical review; descriptive and observational study with a sample of 30 patients by means of a questionnaire with 10 closed questions and four answer choices. Results:Over than 66% (n = 30) of the users surveyed stated in each of the issues raised on active listening that the suitable conditions, attitude and aptitude for the medical staff are complied, so that it has the desired effect about the patient. Conclusions:The questionnaires reflect that patients are generally satisfied with the defining elements of active listening as a way of dealing with communication barriers.Objetivos: Valorar la percepción que tienen los usuarios sobre algunos aspectos (aptitud y actitud) relacionados con la escucha activa durante el periodo de hospitalización. Material y métodos: Revisión bibliográfica, Estudio observacional descriptivo, con una muestra de 30 pacientes, mediante cuestionario con 10 preguntas cerradas y cuatro opciones de respuesta.Resultados:Más de un 66% (n=30) de los usuarios encuestados declararon en cada una de las cuestiones planteadas sobre la escucha activa que se cumplen las condiciones físicas adecuadas, de actitud y aptitud por parte del personal sanitario para que esta tenga el efecto deseado sobre el paciente.Conclusiones: Los cuestionarios reflejan que los pacientes se muestran en general satisfechos con los elementos que definen la escucha activa como forma de hacer frente a las barreras de la comunicación

Measurement invariance of the empowering and disempowering motivational climate questionnaire-coach in youth sport

The purpose of this study was to test the measurement invariance (across five languages, two time points, and two experimental conditions) of the empowering and disempowering motivational climate questionnaire-coach (EDMCQ-C; ) when completed by 9256 young sport participants (M age = 11.53 years, SD = 1.39 years; 13.5% female). Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the validity of a 2-factor (empowering and disempowering) model running a multiple group analysis without any equality constraint (configural invariance) followed by measurement invariance of factor loadings and thresholds (scalar invariance). Findings provided support for partial invariance across languages and scalar invariance across time and experimental groups. The factors were interpretable across the analyses, and items loaded as intended by theory except for item 15. This study provides further evidence regarding the psychometric properties of the EDMCQ-C and suggests this scale (minus item 15) can be used to provide meaningful latent mean comparisons () of empowering and disempowering coach-created climates across athletes speaking the five targeted languages, across time, and across experimental groups

Monitoring of Caged Bluefin Tuna Reactions to Ship and Offshore Wind Farm Operational Noises

Abstract: Underwater noise has been identified as a relevant pollution affecting marine ecosystems in different ways. Despite the numerous studies performed over the last few decades regarding the adverse effect of underwater noise on marine life, a lack of knowledge and methodological procedures still exists, and results are often tentative or qualitative. A monitoring methodology for the behavioral response of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) when exposed to ship and wind turbine operational noises was implemented and tested in a fixed commercial tuna feeding cage in the Mediterranean sea. Fish behavior was continuously monitored, combining synchronized echosounder and video recording systems. Automatic information extracted from acoustical echograms was used to describe tuna reaction to noise in terms of average depth and vertical dimensions of the school and the indicators of swimming speed and tilt direction. Video recordings allowed us to detect changes in swimming patterns. Different kinds of stimuli were considered during bluefin tuna cage monitoring, such as noise generated by feeding boats, wind farm operational noise, and other synthetic signals projected in the medium using a broadband underwater projector. The monitoring system design was revealed as a successful methodological approach to record and quantify reactions to noise. The obtained results suggested that the observed reactions presented a strong relationship with insonification pressure level and time. Behavioral changes associated with noise are difficult to observe, especially in semi-free conditions; thus, the presented approach offered the opportunity to link anthropogenic activity with possible effects on a given marine species, suggesting the possibility of achieving a more realistic framework to assess the impacts of underwater noise on marine animals.Versión del edito

Urinary transferrin pre-emptively identifies the risk of renal damage posed by subclinical tubular alterations

Nephrotoxicity is an important limitation to the clinical use of many drugs and contrast media. Drug nephrotoxicity occurs in acute, subacute and chronic manifestations ranging from glomerular, tubular, vascular and immunological phenotypes to acute kidney injury. Pre-emptive risk assessment of drug nephrotoxicity poses an urgent need of precision medicine to optimize pharmacological therapies and interventional procedures involving nephrotoxic products in a preventive and personalized manner. Biomarkers of risk have been identified in animal models, and risk scores have been proposed, whose clinical use is abated by their reduced applicability to specific etiological models or clinical circumstances. However, our present data suggest that the urinary level of transferrin may be indicative of risk of renal damage, where risk is induced by subclinical tubular alterations regardless of etiology. In fact, urinary transferrin pre-emptively correlates with the subsequent renal damage in animal models in which risk has been induced by drugs and toxins affecting the renal tubules (i.e. cisplatin, gentamicin and uranyl nitrate); whereas transferrin shows no relation with the risk posed by a drug affecting renal hemodynamics (i.e. cyclosporine A). Our experiments also show that transferrin increases in the urine in the risk state (i.e. prior to the damage) precisely as a consequence of reduced tubular reabsorption. Finally, urinary transferrin pre-emptively identifies subpopulations of oncological and cardiac patients at risk of nephrotoxicity. In perspective, urinary transferrin might be further explored as a wider biomarker of an important mechanism of predisposition to renal damage induced by insults causing subclinical tubular alterations.Research from the authors’ laboratory supporting part of the information incorporated into this article was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI14/01776, DT15S/00166, PI15/01055 and PI17/01979, and Retic RD016/0009/0025, REDINREN), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (IPT-2012-0779-010000), Junta de Castilla y León (Consejería de Sanidad, BIO/SA20/14, BIO/SA66/15; and Consejería de Educación, SA359U14), and FEDER funds

Urinary transferrin pre-emptively identifies the risk of renal damage posed by subclinical tubular alterations

Nephrotoxicity is an important limitation to the clinical use of many drugs and contrast media. Drug nephrotoxicity occurs in acute, subacute and chronic manifestations ranging from glomerular, tubular, vascular and immunological phenotypes to acute kidney injury. Pre-emptive risk assessment of drug nephrotoxicity posesman urgent need of precision medicine to optimize pharmacological therapies and interventional procedures involving nephrotoxic products in a preventive and personalized manner. Biomarkers of risk have been identified in animal models, and risk scores have been proposed, whose clinical use is abated by their reduced applicability to specific etiological models or clinical circumstances. However, our present data suggest that the urinary level of transferrin may be indicative of risk of renal damage, where risk is induced by subclinical tubular alterations regardless of etiology. In fact, urinary transferrin pre-emptively correlates with the subsequent renal damage in animal models in which risk has been induced by drugs and toxins affecting the renal tubules (i.e. cisplatin, gentamicin and uranyl nitrate); whereas transferrin shows no relation with the risk posed by a drug affecting renal hemodynamics (i.e. cyclosporine A). Our experiments also show that transferrin increases in the urine in the risk state (i.e. prior to the damage) precisely as a consequence of reduced tubular reabsorption. Finally, urinary transferrin pre-emptively identifies subpopulations of oncological and cardiac patients at risk of nephrotoxicity. In perspective, urinary transferrin might be further explored as a wider biomarker of an important mechanism of predisposition to renal damage induced by insults causing subclinical tubular alterations