In vitro antioxidant anti inflammatory and cytotoxicity activities from Hexane extract of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruits.

Bryonopsis laciniosa also known as “Shivlingi” annual climber with bright red fruits and is reported to be highly medicinal in India. As a folk medicine, the plant is used in treatment of broad range of diseases and disorders. In the present study, Hexane extract of B. laciniosa fruits were used to evaluate in vitro anti inflammatory, antioxidant and Cytotoxicity (towards MCF-7 cell line) activities. In vitro anti inflammatory activity by inhibition of protein denaturation, antioxidant assays like DPPH, ABTS, H2O2 and FRAP were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of the hexane extracts and cytotoxicity activity using MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Hexane extract showed the effective antioxidant activity in all assays compared to ascorbic acid and BHT. The results for In vitro anti inflammatory activity of hexane extract and Dichlofenac drug were equivalent, hexane extract showed promising activity for inhibition of protein denaturation assay. The cytotoxicity activity from hexane extract was noticeable against MCF-7 cell line. The overall results show potential application of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruits suggesting their potential application as a health-promoting functional ingredient or natural preservative in foods

Pharmacognostical Evaluation and Comparative Phytochemical Screening of Rumex vesicarius L.

Pharmacognosy is a simple and reliable tool by which complete information of the crude drug can be obtained. Therefore in this context the detailed pharmacognostic study of various parts like leaf, stem, and root of Rumex vesicarius L. has been carried out with the aim to establish its pharmacognostical standards. The parameters selected were physicochemical, fluorescence analysis and preliminary phytochemical screening along with mineral analysis. In physico-chemical evaluation the ash values and extractive values were studied.. The powder of Rumex vesicarius.L was successively extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water by both cold maceration and hot soxhlet extraction for the identification of the best solvent and method. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out for all the extracts.  Fluorescence analysis performed showed the wide range of fluorescence colours for the crude powder. The preliminary phytochemical screening shows maximum chemical constituents in the different extract obtained from cold maceration of different plant parts compared to extract obtained from hot soxhlet extraction.  The principal constituents of Rumex vesicarius L. include phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, quinines, reducing sugars, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. The inorganic elementary analysis performed revealed the presence of sodium, chloride and iron. The present study indicates the  pharmacognostical and physicochemical characteristics and preliminary properties of the different parts of Rumex vesicarius.L for the identification of the drug in the dry form. Thus plays a crucial role in standardization of crude drug

Anti-Bacterial activity of total flavonoids of Portulaca Oleracea L.

Flavanoids are uniquitous in photosynthesizing cells and are commonly found in fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems, flowers and wine. For centuries, preparations canting these compounds as the principal, physiologically active constituents have been isolated and used to treat human diseases. Portuleca olerace L is an important medicinal plant that has been used in traditional medicine. The present study was aimed to isolate the total flovanoids and to investigate an anti-bacterial activity of total flavonids extracted from aerial part of Portulaca olerace L. we have used five standard pathogenic bacterial strains like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterobacter aerogenes, among all the bacterial strains Salmonella typhimurium (14.33±0.2886) and Proteus mirabilis (17.16±0.0281) have shown maximum zone of inhibition for total flovanoids and remaining bacterial strains have shown moderate zone of inhibition when compared with control (20.66±0.2881). In case of bio-assay method Salmonella typhimurium was shown more sensitive by low turbidity of OD value (0.187)  indicating most significant result. The Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the total flavonoids isolated from Portuleca olerace L was tested at the concentration ranging from undiluted sample to 10mg/ml. the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) for the total flavonoids for all tested bacterial strains was >10mg/ml. Experimental results supports that these flavonoids have antibacterial properties which helps in the developing antibacterial agents in the form of drugs for the therapy of infectious diseases caused by these bacterial pathogens

Studies on activity of various extracts of Mentha arvensis Linn against drug induced gastric ulcer in mammals

AIM: To examine the antiulcerogenic effects of various extracts of Mentha arvensis Linn on acid, ethanol and pylorus ligated ulcer models in rats and mice

Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical screening of Cowpea seeds (Vigna unguiculata)

Vigna unguiculata (Cow pea) is well known medicinal plant. The drug isolated from this plant is used in different science of medicines like, ayurveda, unani, sidda, allopathic, homeopathic and naturopathic therapy.  The present investigation deals with pharmacognostic and phytochemical screening of the seeds of Vigna uguiculata. The pharmacognostic studies include physicochemical constant and fluorescence analysis. The petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts are subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The physicochemical constants obtained were found to be within normal levels prescribed by phytochemical standards. The phytochemical studies of seeds of Vigna uguiculata revealed the presence of primary and secondary metabolites like proteins, carbohydrates, glycosides, phenols,flavonoids, saponins, sterols and alkaloids. The flavonoid content of methanol extract was found to be 621± 2.494 µg rutin/g. These studies provide a referential information for identification of this crude drug and the results are helpful for the isolation of medicinally important active components

Pharmacognostical Evaluation and Comparative Phytochemical Screening of Rumex vesicarius L.

Pharmacognosy is a simple and reliable tool by which complete information of the crude drug can be obtained. Therefore in this context the detailed pharmacognostic study of various parts like leaf, stem, and root of Rumex vesicarius L. has been carried out with the aim to establish its pharmacognostical standards. The parameters selected were physicochemical, fluorescence analysis and preliminary phytochemical screening along with mineral analysis. In physico-chemical evaluation the ash values and extractive values were studied.. The powder of Rumex vesicarius.L was successively extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water by both cold maceration and hot soxhlet extraction for the identification of the best solvent and method. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out for all the extracts.  Fluorescence analysis performed showed the wide range of fluorescence colours for the crude powder. The preliminary phytochemical screening shows maximum chemical constituents in the different extract obtained from cold maceration of different plant parts compared to extract obtained from hot soxhlet extraction.  The principal constituents of Rumex vesicarius L. include phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, quinines, reducing sugars, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. The inorganic elementary analysis performed revealed the presence of sodium, chloride and iron. The present study indicates the  pharmacognostical and physicochemical characteristics and preliminary properties of the different parts of Rumex vesicarius.L for the identification of the drug in the dry form. Thus plays a crucial role in standardization of crude drug

A novel investigation of in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Ficus krishnae stem bark

There is great importance of the genus Ficus among the living beings since time immemorial. Besides aesthetic and religious values, many species of this genus are of use in day to day life as food and in traditional medicine. Ficus krishnae belongs to the family Moraceae, which is one of the oldest plant native to India. The plant extract is used as traditional medicine for healing various diseases. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the in-vitro anti inflammation and antioxidant potential of petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Ficus krishnae stem bark. In vitro anti-inflammatory studies were performed for the extracts of petroleum ether and chloroform using  protein denaturation inhibition assay and antioxidant activity was screened by 2, 2 diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, ABTS, Phosphomolybdenum  and reducing power assay. Finally percentage of inhibition of free radical and IC50 were calculated by the help of Statistical analysis. The results of present data has shown that the Chloroform extract of Ficus krishnae stem bark has contributed in causing high potential in-vitro anti inflammation and antioxidant activity fallowed by petroleum ether extract.

Comparative screening of in-vitro free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and anti-haemolytic activities from non-polar solvent extracts of Pterocarpus marsupium

Pterocarpus marsupium is widely used as ‘Rasayana’ in ayurvedic system for curing several medical ailments. In view of this, petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Pterocarpus marsupium bark was scrutinized to unfold free radical scavenging by measuring their capability for scavenging DPPH radical, ABTS, phosphomolybdenum assay as well as reducing power capacity assessment and anti- inflammatory activity by inhibition of protein denaturation. Additionally, RBC’S were also used to explore the potentiality of Pterocarpus marsupium different extracts to shield RBC in oxidative stress condition. Chloroform extract showed an effective pharmacological activity in all assays when compared with petroleum ether extract and their respective standards. This reveals the use of Pterocarpus marsupium as a potent source of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-haemolytic agent and would provide an ample opportunity for further investigation. Isolation of active compounds from this plant responsible for producing such bioactivities is under process