Multiple Fistula-In-Ano treated by Kshara Sutra - A Case Report

Fistula-in-ano is a chronic and troublesome disease encountered in general practice. It consists of 1.6% of all surgical admissions and leads to physical, psychological and social problems. The management includes various treatment modalities with variable outcomes. Ksharasutra is a medicated thread used in ano-rectal disorders particularly for the management of fistula-in-ano in Ayurveda. In this study Ksharasutra was prepared by Apamarga Kshara (Ash of Achyranthus aspera Linn.), Snuhi Ksheera (Euphorbia neriifolia Linn.) and turmeric powder (Curcuma longa Linn.). A patient with multiple fistula-in-ano was treated by application of Ksharasutra. This case study demonstrates the utility of Ksharasutra in Multiple Fistula-in ano

Application of PST Source based DC Link Restoration for IDVR

Interline Dynamic Voltage Restorer (IDVR) comprises of several Dynamic Voltage Restorers (DVRs) connected to different distribution feeders in the power system sharing common energy storage. One of the DVR provides for voltage sag compensation appearing in that feeder, while the other DVRs restore the energy in the common dc-link thus dynamically maintaining the voltage of DC link capacitor constant by importing power from the other feeders. Restoration of the DC link energy plays an important role in the capability of the individual DVR in the IDVR to mitigate deep sags with long durations. In this paper the restoration of the DC link energy of the IDVR is achieved by the utilizing the phase shifting transformers (PST) which assist the respective DVR during its power control mode. A controlled switching action is provided to choose the appropriate connection of PST to the feeders depending upon the voltage sag condition. The proposed novel concept is examined in a test power system with IDVR

Occurrence of thermophilic fungal communities and its growth rate on different media and temperatures from available natural substrates

Thermophilic fungi are the chief components of the microflora that develops in heaped masses of plant materials, piles of agricultural and forestry products and other accumulation of organic matter. In this investigation, survey was conducted and collected different compost samples from eight localities of Osmanabad district. Among these localities, Naldurg and Dhoki sites showed highest number of organic substrates, while least in Itkal. Physicochemial properties i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total organic matter, total carbon and moisture were analysed from available composts and among them nitrogen was highest in molasses. Isolation of fungi was made from substrates and among five substrates, vermicompost and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) were recorded for highest species richness and % incidence while less in molasses. Among isolated thermophilic fungi, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Rhizoctonia solani, A. fumigatus and Rhizopus sp. found abundant in all the substrates and temperature ranges. Fungal species A. niger, Mucor mucedo, A. flavus and Pythium sp. Highest growth on all three media viz. Potato dextrose agar (PDA), Czapek’s Dox Agar (CZA) and Martins Rose Bengal (MBR) were recorded. A. niger and Rhizopus sp. were found dominant in tested media and temperature. Generally, the fungi show very little growth at 65 °C. Every temperature gradient showed the growth incidence in all substrates but room temperature (RT) and 35 °C showed richness of fungal incidence. Even some species showed the growth on some substrates at higher temperate (65 °C) to some extent

Distribution of betulinic acid in plant kingdom

Betulinic acid (3ß-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid) is a ubiquitous pentacyclic triterpenoid found in the plants. It is highly valued for its role in wide array of ailments viz. anti-HIV, anti-malarial, anti-cancerous, hepatoprotective, and many more. In lights of tremendous interest in recent years on chemistry and pharmacological properties of betulinic acid (BA), comprehensive data have been collected in this review to present its distribution in plant kingdom

USB to USB Data Transfer using Raspberry Pi and ARM

Abstract: An importance of portability is well known to us so to achieve this, we are going to design a system which we can carry anywhere. Using this system we can not only transfer data but also we are able to see the transfer of the particular file which we are going to transfer by using graphical display .Hence the system to be designed will be more compact .In our project we are going transfer data between different USB devices using Raspberry pi and ARM7 without using any computer or laptop .As shown in block diagram four USB devices can be connected to Raspberry pi while one USB device can be connected to ARM 7.Out of these various devices one device can act as a master while others will act as slaves. After sending particular command to processor ,the processor will start fetching data from master USB device and ARM processor will wait from the signal from destination or slave USB.As soon as processor gets the signal from destination device data transfer operation get started

Inverted Leidenfrost-like Effect during Condensation

Water droplets condensing on solidified phase change materials such as benzene and cyclohexane near their melting point show in-plane jumping and continuous ``crawling'' motion. The jumping drop motion has been tentatively explained as an outcome of melting and refreezing of the materials surface beneath the droplets and can be thus considered as an inverted Leidenfrost-like effect (in the classical case vapor is generated from a droplet on a hot substrate). We present here a detailed investigation of jumping movements using high-speed imaging and static crosssectional cryogenic focused ion beam scanning electron microscope imaging. Our results show that drop motion is induced by a thermocapillary (Marangoni) effect. The in-plane jumping motion can be delineated to occur in two stages. The first stage occurs on a millisecond time scale and comprises melting the substrate due to drop condensation. This results in droplet depinning, partial spreading, and thermocapillary movement until freezing of the cyclohexane film. The second stage occurs on a second time scale and comprises relaxation motion of the drop contact line (change in drop contact radius and contact angle) after substrate freezing. When the cyclohexane film cannot freeze, the droplet continuously glides on the surface, resulting in the crawling motion

Spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the Gandaki River Basin of Nepal Himalaya

Landslides, floods, and droughts are recurring natural disasters in Nepal related to too much or too little water. The summer monsoon contributes more than 80% of annual rainfall, and rainfall spatial and inter-annual variation is very high. The Gandaki River, one of the three major rivers of Nepal and one of the major tributaries of the Ganges River, covers all agro-ecological zones in the central part of Nepal. Time series tests were applied for different agro-ecological zones of the Gandaki River Basin (GRB) for rainfall trends of four seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter) from 1981 to 2012. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall and Sen’s methods were used to determine the trends. Decadal anomalies relative to the long-term average were analyzed using the APHRODITE precipitation product. Trends in number of rainy days and timing of the monsoon were also analyzed. We found that the post-monsoon, pre-monsoon and winter rainfalls are decreasing significantly in most of the zones but monsoon rainfall is increasing throughout the basin. In the hill region, the annual rainfall is increasing but the rainy days do not show any trend. There is a tendency toward later departure of monsoon from Nepal, indicating an increase in its duration. These seasonally and topographically variable trends may have significant impacts for the agriculture and livestock smallholders that form the majority of the population in the GRB

Amyloid Precursor Protein and Proinflammatory Changes Are Regulated in Brain and Adipose Tissue in a Murine Model of High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity

Background: Middle age obesity is recognized as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) although a mechanistic linkage remains unclear. Based upon the fact that obese adipose tissue and AD brains are both areas of proinflammatory change, a possible common event is chronic inflammation. Since an autosomal dominant form of AD is associated with mutations in the gene coding for the ubiquitously expressed transmembrane protein, amyloid precursor protein (APP) and recent evidence demonstrates increased APP levels in adipose tissue during obesity it is feasible that APP serves some function in both disease conditions. Methodology/Principal Findings: To determine whether diet-induced obesity produced proinflammatory changes and altered APP expression in brain versus adipose tissue, 6 week old C57BL6/J mice were maintained on a control or high fat diet for 22 weeks. Protein levels and cell-specific APP expression along with markers of inflammation and immune cell activation were compared between hippocampus, abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral pericardial fat. APP stimulation-dependent changes in macrophage and adipocyte culture phenotype were examined for comparison to the in vivo changes. Conclusions/Significance: Adipose tissue and brain from high fat diet fed animals demonstrated increased TNF-a and microglial and macrophage activation. Both brains and adipose tissue also had elevated APP levels localizing to neurons and macrophage/adipocytes, respectively. APP agonist antibody stimulation of macrophage cultures increased specific cytokin