Choice of Foreign Market Entry Mode: Impact of Ownership, Location and Internationalization Factors

Firms interested in servicing foreign markets face a difficult decision with regards to the choice of an entry mode. The options available to a firm include exporting, licensing, joint venture and sole venture. Several factors that determine the choice of a specific foreign market entry mode have been identified in previous literature. These factors can be classified into three categories: ownership advantages of a firm, location advantages of a market, and internalization advantages of integrating transactions. This study examines the independent and joint influences of these factors on the choice of an entry mode. Multinomial logistic regression model is employed to test the hypothesized effects.© 1992 JIBS. Journal of International Business Studies (1992) 23, 1–27

Do More Risk‐Averse Investors Have Lower Net Worth and Income?

This study examines the relationship between attitude toward risk and both net worth and income. The data are obtained from a financial diary kept by a national, scientifically selected sample of more than 3000 households. Results show that both net worth and income are negatively related to risk aversion. Copyright © 1993, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserve

An exploratory study of portfolio objectives and asset holdings

This study examines the relationship between asset holdings and portfolio objectives. It demonstrates that asset holdings across a wide variety of investment alternatives (stocks, bonds, mutual funds, CD\u27s, life insurance, home, pension plans and tax products) vary systematically as a function of the relative importance placed on multiple objectives (current income, capital appreciation, retirement, family education, etc.) and investor characteristics such as the stage of the family life cycle, income, wealth, education and level of risk aversion. The portfolio of objectives, in turn, are related to the stage of the family lifecycle as well as wealth and attitude toward risk (risk aversion). Both the direct and indirect (via portfolio objectives) effects of investor characteristics on asset holdings are examined. The results provide insights into investor motivations and life cycle savings behavior. © 1992