DFT Study on Interaction of Estrone and Imidazolium-Based Hydrophobic Ionic Liquids

Affinity of estrone on imidazolium-based hydrophobic ionic liquids was computed at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Columbian interactions and other closed-shell interactions, in general, were observed to be pivotal to the binding of the EDC species on visualizing the optimized structures as well as probing the proximity of electronegative and electropositive groups between estrone and ionic liquids. The interaction strength was also studied using calculation of binding energy values of each system. [BMIM]+[PF6]− was found to be the most binding ionic liquid. Estrone was found to be highly bonded in the vicinity of [PF6]− species with a binding energy of −9.57 kcal/mol. The Ionic Liquids under study, [BMIM]+[NTF2]− and [BMIM]+[BF4]−, also illustrated promising binding nature with binding energies of −7.63 and −8.61 kcal/mol. AIM analysis was carried out to validate the nature of intermolecular interactions by calculating the topological properties at (3,−1) bond critical points

Optimization of Machining Parameters in Turning Operations for Surface Roughness and Materials Removal Rate on EN8 through Combined SSA GA Algorithm

For many industrial machining operations, the quality of surface finish is the prominent requirement. Nevertheless the selection of optimized cutting parameters is very essential for controlling the desired surface quality. Main aim of this attempt is to fix the set of cutting parameters combinations using optimization algorithms. Ant Colony algorithm, Scatter Search algorithm, Genetic algorithm and BAT algorithm were used for various parameters on the surface roughness to arrive a suitable combination of parameters which are optimal to meet the product quality requirement. The effectiveness of the algorithms is ordered based up on the error rate while computing and the best two algorithms are combined for more tuned outcome

IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY STUDIES ON ORTHOSIPHON STAMINEUS BENTH. (LEAF) AGAINST MCF–7 CELL LINES

ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of the study was to determine the anticancer efficacy of Orthosiphon stamineus extract against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7(MCF-7) and its phytochemical analysis through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Methods: Different solvents were used for leaf extraction and used for qualitative assay of phytochemicals using standard protocols. Differentconcentration (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml) of methanol extract and ethyl acetate extract of O. stamineus leaves were used to assess the in vitrocytotoxic effect using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Further, the ethyl acetate extract was subjected toGC-MS analysis, and the identification of components was based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology library database.Result: Of the hexane, methanol and ethyl acetate extracts, methanol extract found to contain more of phytochemicals followed by ethyl acetate. Theinhibitory concentration 50 for methanol extract and ethyl acetate extract was found be 93.42 μg/ml and 215.3 μg/ml, respectively.GC-MS mass spectrum of ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of squalene and phytol and antioxidants such as flavones. Sterols compoundssuch as vitamin E, ergosterol, cholesterol, and 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol and terpenoids were also identified.Conclusion: The data obtained in this work could be useful as a chemical standard in checking the genuineness of this plant source. Data of the resultsfurther depicted that the selected traditional anti-cancer plants could be used not only as an anti-cancer but also as a good antioxidant.Keywords: Anti-cancer, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Orthosiphon stamineus, Michigan cancer fsoundation-7cells

TREATING CERVICAL CANCER WITH HERBS: A REVIEW

Medicinal plants have been on the forefront where research on the anticancer agent is planned. This review mainly focuses on several such as medicinal plants Rosmarinus officinalis, Solanum nigrum, Kaffir lime, and Garcinia nujiangensis used in the treatment of cervical cancer and the secondary metabolites derived from different plant sources. Plant molecules such as cisplatin, curcumin (-)- epigallocatechin (EGC)-3-gallate, EGC, epicatechin- 3-gallate, and other catechins that have a wide range of biological properties and the molecular mechanism with different cells were reviewed. This review will promote the research on the development of a plant-derived anticancer drug with lesser or no side effects and aid in understanding the mechanism of action of several plant-derived molecules

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS, IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFICACY STUDIES ON CLEOME GYNANDRA L. (LEAVES): A TRADITIONAL DRUG SOURCE

  Objective: This study was aimed to assess the phytoconstituents, cytotoxic, and antioxidant efficacy of ethyl extract of Cleome gynandra leaves.Methods: Qualitative phytochemical analysis with different solvent extracts was performed. Quantitative and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the extract was performed with ethyl acetate extract. The cytotoxic effect of the ethyl acetate extract was determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells using taxol as standard and free radical scavenging ability using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).Results: Leaves extracts with different solvents revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate of the plant leaves showed the presence of n-hexadecanoic acid. The IC50 value of the ethyl acetate extract was found to be 90.2 μg/ml on MCF-7 cell line, and the extract was found to possess significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity.Conclusion: From the results, we conclude that the C. gynandra extract possesses antioxidant and antiproliferating activity against MCF-7 cells

ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE POTENTIAL OF Carica papaya LEAVES ON BREAST CANCER CELLS – MCF-7

The study's objective is to identify the phytoconstituents and determine the anti-cancer potential of Carica papaya leaves against the MCF 7 cell line. Chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of C. papaya leaves were prepared by cold maceration method and qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed. The anti-proliferative effect of these extracts was determined by 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and apoptotic assay by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining method on MCF 7 cells.  The effect of the extracts, with different concentrations, on DNA fragmentation, was also performed on MCF 7 cells. Qualitative analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, phenols, anthraquinones, proteins, and carbohydrates. Chloroform, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of C. papaya leaves were observed with potential DPPH free radical scavenging activity with 72%, 75%, and 78% respectively. Of these extracts, the chloroform extract (72%) was found to possess a more free radical scavenging effect against DPPH and also showed a dose-dependent effect, the maximum at 100µg/ml, on DNA fragmentation in MCF 7 cells. Further, chloroform extract showed a maximum anti-proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells with IC50 at 22±1.5µg/ml, whereas methanol and ethyl acetate extract at 30±0.5 µg/ml and 28±0.5 µg/ml respectively.  Increased apoptosis in MCF 7 cells was observed with an increased concentration of chloroform extract of C. papaya. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that leaf extract of C. papaya found to possess an anti-proliferative effect and antioxidant potential and it could be due to the presence of rich secondary metabolites of the plant

THROMBOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF Punica granatum FRUIT AND PEEL EXTRACT

Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the thrombolytic activity of Punica granatum fruit and peel extract.Methods: Phytoconstituents and free radical scavenging activity of P. granatum extract were performed. Ethanolic and aqueous extract of fruit andpeel of the plant was used for in vitro clot lysis activity using streptokinase (SK) as standard. In a series of pre-weighed eppendorf tubes, equal volumeof venous blood was collected and serum was removed and the tubes were weighed. The tubes containing clot were incubated with fruit, peel extract(100 ug/ml), and SK individually at 37°C for 60 minutes. After incubation, fluid obtained was removed, and tubes were again weighed to observe thedifference in weight after clot disruption. The percent of clot lysis was determined.Results: Free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Of the extracts, ethanolic extract showedmaximum activity as compared with aqueous extract, whereas the ascorbic acid exerted maximum activity as compared with the extracts. Maximumthrombolytic activity (59%) was observed with ethanolic extract of peel of the fruit.Conclusions: The present study concluded that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of P. granatum fruit and peel possess thrombolytic activity.Keywords: Punica granatum, Antithrombolytic activity, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Phytochemicals

Scheuthauer-Marie-Sainton syndrome: a case report

The term Scheuthauer-Marie-Sainton syndrome is also known as cleidocranial dysplasia or cleidocranial dystosis and is derived from ancient greek words cleido (collar bone), knanion (head) and dysplasia (abnormal formation). It is an uncommon but well known genetic skeletal condition and an autosomal dominant malformation affecting bones and teeth. The most common skeletal and dental abnormalities in affected individuals are hypoplastic/ aplastic clavicles, open frontanelles, short stature, retention of primary teeth, delayed eruption of permanent teeth, supernumerary teeth and multiple impacted teeth. Affected person have a characteristic facial appearance with a bulky forehead, hypertelorism and midfacial hypoplasia. General health is usually good and the intellect is unimpaired. This article describes clinical and radiographic features of Scheuthauer-Marie-Sainton syndrome in a 29 years old male patien

IN VIVO INVESTIGATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ASTERACANTHA LONGIFOLIANEES. ON CCL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective activity of Asteracanthalongifolia leaf extract.Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced in normal albino rats. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)was administered orally at a dosage of 20 mg/kg body weightin physiological saline for 1 day. Group 1 served as Control. Group 2 served as disease control (CCl 20 mg/kg body weight). Group 3 served as animaltreated with the aqueous extract A. longifolia (150 mg/kg body weight orally administered for 15 days). Group 4 served as animal treated with theaqueous extract A. longifolia (300 mg/kg body weight orally administered for 15 days). Group 5 served as animal treated with standard silymarindrug (20 mg/kg body weight orally administered for 15 days). After completed the experiment, the liver markers, lipid profile, and antioxidants wereanalyzed.4 Results: Phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of A. longifolia leaves indicates the presence of flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, phenol, steroids,alkaloids, quinone, saponin, and coumarin. Supplementation of A. longifolia significantly restored the liver markers, lipid profile, and antioxidantmarkers on in CCl4 induced Wistar albino rats.Conclusions: The results of our study showed that A. longifolia possess significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity, probably due to itsphytochemicals.Keywords: Asteracantha longifolia, Phytochemicals, Carbon tetrachloride, Antioxidant

ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GYNANDROPSIS PENTAPHYLLA LINN ON MCF-7 CELL LINE

Objective: To investigate the in vitro Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activity of Gynandropsis pentaphylla Linn. Leaves on MCF-7 Cell line. Methods: Phytochemicals were analysed by using standard methods. In Vitro antioxidant studies were carried out for the methanol extracts of the Gynandropsis pentaphylla using various free radical models such a DPPH, Reducing power assay and Hydrogen peroxide. In vitro cytotoxic assay such as trypan blue dye exclusion and MTT assays were carried out in methanolic extract against MCF-7 cell line. Results: The results of the present study demonstrated that the qualitative phytochemical analysis of the methanol, aqueous and chloroform extract of Gynandropsis pentaphylla showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, saponins, protein and terpenoids. The antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of leaves G.pentaphyllawas confirmed by free radical scavenging activity and reducing (FRAP) and it was found to be significant. Inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the methanolic extract of Gynandropsis pentaphylla on MCF-7 cell was found to be 96.67 determined by MTT assay. Conclusion: It revealed that the crude methanolic extract of G. pentaphylla has antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cell lines. From our study it is concluded that, the phytochemicals present in the Gynandropsis pentaphylla possess antioxidant and anticancer activity